Friedrich Graf von der Schulenburg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Friedrich Graf von der Schulenburg

Friedrich Bernhard Karl Gustav Ulrich Erich Graf von der Schulenburg (born November 21, 1865 in Bobitz ; † May 19, 1939 in St. Blasien ) was a German cavalry general , as well as a politician ( DNVP / NSDAP ) and SS-Obergruppenführer .

Life

Friedrich was the second eldest son of Werner Graf von der Schulenburg (1832–1880) and his wife Mary, born Freiin von Maltzahn (1843–1900).

He first studied a few semesters at Heidelberg University , where he became a member of the Corps Saxo-Borussia Heidelberg in 1887 . In 1888 he joined the 2nd Guard Uhlan Regiment in Berlin. Transferred to the Gardes du Corps regiment in 1890 , he became regimental adjutant in 1894 and wing adjutant of Duke Johann Albrecht von Mecklenburg-Schwerin in 1897 . In 1899 he was assigned to the Great General Staff in Berlin. After various posts there, he was a military attaché at the German Embassy in London from 1902 to 1906 . In 1913 Schulenburg became the commander of the Gardes du Corps regiment . At the same time, Kaiser Wilhelm II appointed him his wing adjutant.

As chief of the general staff of the Guard Corps, he moved into the field in 1914 with the rank of lieutenant colonel . In 1915 he was promoted to colonel and on August 28, 1916 appointed chief of the general staff of the 6th Army . In November 1916, Schulenburg became Chief of Staff of the German Crown Prince Army Group , which from February 1917 was in the toughest defensive battle on the Aisne and Champagne . After a large-scale French attempt at breakthrough under General Nivelle had been repulsed in April 1917 , Schulenburg and Crown Prince Wilhelm took the view that this partial success had to be used politically to "bring the war to an end under all circumstances, even if with victims". He considered renouncing Alsace-Lorraine and considered "a wise and far-sighted peace with Russia" without annexations and reparations necessary. He considered it impossible that Germany would still have the strength to fight for a victory peace. After the war, Schulenburg was added, and December 28, 1918 the officers of the army on March 29, 1920, presentation of the character dismissed as a major general from active service.

In December 1924 Schulenburg was elected as a member of the German National People's Party in the Reichstag , to which he belonged for almost three and a half years for this electoral term. In December 1931 he joined the NSDAP (membership no. 85.2947) and, after the transfer of power to the National Socialists, was a member of the Reichstag for the NSDAP. He also joined the SA in 1933 . At the beginning of 1934 he was commissioned by the OSAF as an expert for military questions in order to create a basis for the development of the armed forces together with the leadership of the Reichswehr . During the Röhm affair , he survived the murders of SA executives as SA Oberführer and member of Ernst Röhm 's staff. After switching from the SA to the SS in March 1936, he was promoted to the SS twice, namely to brigad leader and group leader. A few months before his death he was promoted to SS-Obergruppenführer.

On April 1, 1938, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of his entry into the army, he was given the character of a general of the cavalry. He was a military attaché a. a. active in London and Moscow.

He died at the age of 74. Adolf Hitler was personally present at his funeral and condoled, among others, his son and later resistance fighter Fritz-Dietlof .

progeny

On July 21, 1897, he married Countess Freda-Marie von Arnim (1873–1939) in Muskau . The following children were born from this marriage:

  • Johann Albrecht (1898–1944), landowner, captain
  • Wolf-Werner (1899–1944), SA brigade leader, administrative lawyer, lieutenant colonel in the reserve and commander of the 13th paratrooper regiment
  • Adolf-Heinrich (1901–1940), SA-Obersturmführer
  • Fritz-Dietlof (1902–1944), Vice-President of the Prussian Province of Silesia , lieutenant in the reserve, resistance fighter of July 20, 1944
  • Elisabeth (1903–2001), artist and religious sister
  • Wilhelm (1904–1936)

Awards

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Konrad Krafft von Dellmensingen : The Bavaria Book of the World War . Chr.Belser Verlagbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1930, p. 192.
  2. ^ Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Second updated edition. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-596-16048-0 , p. 565.
  3. ^ Mario Niemann: Mecklenburg large estates in the Third Reich. Social structure, economic position and political significance (= Central German Research Volume 116). Böhlau, Cologne a. a. 2000, p. 313.
  4. ^ Ernst Klee: The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Second updated edition. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-596-16048-0 , p. 565.
  5. ↑ http://www.dws-xip.pl/reich/biografie/1936/1936.html
  6. ^ Rüdiger Bergien : The bellicist republic. Defense consensus and "military detention" in Germany 1918–1933 (= Ordnungssysteme , Volume 35). Oldenbourg, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-486-59181-1 , p. 146.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Ranking list of the Royal Prussian Army and the XIII. (Royal Württemberg) Army Corps for 1914 , Ed .: War Ministry , Ernst Siegfried Mittler & Sohn , Berlin 1914, p. 353.
  8. ^ Klaus D. Patzwall : The Golden Party Badge and its honorary awards 1934-1944. Studies of the history of awards. Volume 4, Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall, Norderstedt 2004, ISBN 3-931533-50-6 , p. 86.
personal data
SURNAME Schulenburg, Friedrich Graf von der
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schulenburg, Friedrich Bernhard Karl Gustav Ulrich Erich Graf von der (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German cavalry general and politician (DNVP, NSDAP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH November 21, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Bobitz
DATE OF DEATH May 19, 1939
Place of death St. Blasien