Friedrich Schur

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Friedrich Schur 1887

Friedrich Heinrich Schur (born January 27, 1856 in Maciejewo, Krotoschin district , then Posen province ; † March 18, 1932 in Breslau ) was a German mathematician who mainly dealt with the fundamentals of geometry .

Live and act

Schur's family was originally Jewish, but became Protestant. His father owned an estate. He attended high school in Krotoschin and from 1875 studied astronomy at the University of Breslau and then mathematics with Heinrich Schröter and Jacob Rosanes . He then went to the University of Berlin , where he heard from Karl Weierstrass , Ernst Eduard Kummer , Leopold Kronecker and Gustav Kirchhoff and received his doctorate from Kummer in 1879 ( geometrical investigations on first and second degree radiation complexes ). In 1880 he passed the teacher's examination and qualified as a professor in 1881 with Felix Kleinat the University of Leipzig . Then he was a private lecturer and from 1884 assistant to Felix Klein in Leipzig. In 1885 he became an associate professor there and in 1888 a full professor at the University of Dorpat . In 1892 he went to the RWTH Aachen University as professor for descriptive geometry and graphic statics and in 1897 to the Technical University of Karlsruhe , where he was also rector in 1904/05. In 1909 he became a professor at the University of Strasbourg . After losing the First World War , he was released there by the French and in 1919 became a professor in Breslau, where he retired in 1924. On April 21, 1902 ( registration number 3150 ) he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

Friedrich Schur dealt with differential geometry , transformation groups (Lie groups) following Sophus Lie and the fundamentals of geometry. Many of his results, which he summarized in his book Fundamentals of Geometry from 1909, were incorporated into David Hilbert's book without the latter (as with the contributions of other mathematicians) making this sufficiently clear. He also wrote a textbook on analytical geometry (1898) and graphic statics (1915).

In 1912 he received the Russian Lobachevsky Prize for his book Fundamentals of Geometry . In 1910 he was chairman of the German Mathematicians Association . He is an honorary doctor of the TH Karlsruhe. In 1927 he was elected a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .

His doctoral students include Theodor Molien and Julius Wellstein. He should not be confused with the mathematician Issai Schur . Schur's son, Axel Schur , was born in 1891, also a mathematician and received his doctorate in Würzburg in 1921 with a thesis on differential equations.

Fonts (selection)

  • New justification of the theory of finite transformation groups. BG Teubner , Leipzig 1889 ( archive )
  • On the theory of finite transformation groups. In: Mathematische Annalen, Vol. 38, 1891
  • Analytical Geometry Textbook. Veit , Leipzig 1898 ( archive )
  • About the fundamental theorem of projective geometry. In: Mathematische Annalen, Vol. 51, 1899
  • About the basics of geometry. In: Mathematische Annalen, Vol. 55, 1902.
  • Basics of geometry. BG Teubner, Leipzig 1909 ( archive )

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Friedrich Schur  - Sources and full texts


personal data
SURNAME Schur, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schur, Friedrich Heinrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH January 27, 1856
PLACE OF BIRTH Maciejewo
DATE OF DEATH March 18, 1932
Place of death Wroclaw