Guaranteed pension

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A guarantee pension or basic pension is an old-age pension to which the recipients not only have a claim in the, z. B. determined by a pension formula , arithmetical amount, but - usually after meeting certain requirements - in a minimum amount determined by political decision-makers. The goal is often to honor the “lifetime achievement” of employees, which is why it is also referred to as “respectful” ( “word of the year” in Germany in 2019).

Basic pension in Germany

Adoption of the basic pension on July 2, 2020 in the German Bundestag, here u. a. Hubertus Heil

In Germany, the Bundestag decided in July 2020 a basic pension from 2021 as an increase in the statutory pensions for insured persons from 33 years of contribution through contribution payments , child-rearing or care work, who earned an annual average of 30 to 80% of the average wage. A basic pension exists up to a monthly income of 1250 euros (couples: 1950 euros). Average earners receive 1.0 earnings points per year. 30 to 80% of the median income is 0.3 to 0.8 points per year. The basic pension “doubles” earnings points for those who received 0.3 to 0.8 points per year on average over the 35 years to up to 0.8 points per year. The markup achieved is reduced by 12.5%. Each point receives a pension of € 33.05 (€ 31.89 in the accession area). For example, a hairdresser with 40 years of wages received less than 60% of the average 0.4 points per year. So far, she has received a monthly pension in the west of € 528.80. The earnings points are increased by 0.4 per year for 35 of the 40 years (35 × 0.4 × 33.05 € = 462.70 €). If you deduct 12.5%, your basic pension supplement is € 404.86. Your pension will increase from € 528.80 to € 933.66 from 2021.

Swedish guarantee pension

Since the pension reform of 1999, a basic pension benefit has been referred to in Sweden as a guarantee pension (Garantipension) . This arose from the “national pension ” (Folkpension) . This is a basic security , which, however, is tied to certain conditions. A means test of the financial situation and income situation takes place only to a small extent, but certain qualifying periods must be fulfilled. The retirement age is 65 years (not flexible), the amount depends on the circumstances. a. the marital status and the length of residence in Germany (minimum requirement 3 years). In terms of its conception, the guaranteed pension is a state-financed increase in the income pension (income pension , corresponding to the German statutory pension insurance ) - needs-based, means-tested and securing a living .

The full guaranteed pension is paid to anyone who has earned entitlements in Sweden over 40 years from the age of 25 (including work, training and military service from 16). Studies are also included. Shorter entitlements reduce the pension entitlement, which, however, together with the housing benefit, can also secure a living . The guaranteed pension level is slightly above social assistance and depends on the level of the income pension (including a threshold). This prevents recipients who never or only rarely worked from receiving the same entitlements as those who earned high entitlements.

The guarantee pension avoids receiving social assistance for large parts of the elderly population. Since the former “national pension” like the basic pension conceptualized as a guarantee pension does not reach some groups of people (e.g. migrants ) or insufficiently, there was always social assistance or poor relief in Sweden . Company and private pensions are not deducted from the guarantee pension, as is the case with the German basic security .

In addition to the guaranteed pension, the Swedish pension system includes a statutory income pension, a mandatory funded premium pension (similar to the German Riester pension, but without state subsidies) as well as company and individual private provision. In 1999, all parties with the exception of the Environment / Greens (Miljöparti de Gröna) and the Left Party (Vänsterpartiet) agreed on a pension reform. A high demographic factor gradually lowers the pension level. This increases the proportion of the pension supplement to the guaranteed pension accordingly. In the initial phase, an increase rate of around 40% was expected. It was assumed that recipients who were solely dependent on the guarantee pension were 2%. The amount of the guaranteed pension for single persons in 2016 was 7,900 kroner (approx. € 850) per month. The guaranteed pension is subject to income tax; the net amount is around 6,150 kroner (approx. 660 €) per month, depending on where you live.

Dutch basic pension

Old-age provision in the Netherlands comprises three pillars: basic pension, supplementary company pension insurance (compulsory for all employees) and private old-age provision.

Dutch people without a means test are entitled to a basic pension from the start of retirement age : single pensioners receive 70% of the minimum wage , couples receive 50% per partner. If you were not permanently insured in the Netherlands between the ages of 15 and 65, each missing year of insurance reduces the basic pension by 2%. Parenting or care periods and periods of unemployment are not treated separately, as the entitlement is based solely on the length of residence. Statutory pension entitlements are credited to 100% of the basic security benefit, company and private pensions are partially credited. Those who do not work receive the basic pension, but no company pension. People who do not reach the basic pension level due to a lack of time may receive means-tested benefits that are lower than the basic pension level.

The basic pension is financed by contributions from contributions by employees and the self-employed. There is an employer contribution to the company pension, but not to the basic pension. If necessary, a state subsidy is added.

New Zealand guarantee pension

In New Zealand there is a guaranteed pension of 40 percent of median income, which every retiree receives regardless of other income.

literature

  • Peggy Letzner: The reform of old-age insurance in Sweden. In: Deutsche Rentenversicherung vintage. 59, Issue 8, 2003, ISSN  0012-0618 , pp. 501-515.
  • Wolfgang Strengmann-Kuhn, Dirk Jacobi: The green citizens' pension against old-age poverty - guaranteed for everyone. In: Christoph Butterwegge, Gerd Bosbach, Matthias W. Birkwald (ed.): Poverty in old age - problems and perspectives of social security . Campus Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-593-39752-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The basic pension is not a fixed amount. November 20, 2019. Retrieved November 20, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Letzner, pp. 508, 509.
  3. ^ Homepage of the Swedish Pension Authority (Swedish).
  4. ↑ a b Jennifer Garic: Why Dutch people get more pension than before their salary. In: www.capital.de. June 12, 2019, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  5. ↑ a b c Jochen Pimpertz: IW report: A comparison of selected basic pension systems in the EU. Initiative New Social Market Economy (INSM), March 29, 2019, pp. 10-13 , accessed on October 21, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Andreas Gebbink: Knowledge of the Netherlands: Chapter “XVI. Pension system ". In: NiederlandeNet, www.uni-muenster.de/NiederlandeNet. January 2009, accessed October 21, 2019 .
  7. ↑ welt.de