Gerhard Krüger (Nazi functionary)

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Gerhard Krüger (born December 6, 1908 in Motlau near Danzig ; † May 22, 1994 in Heßlingen , Hessisch Oldendorf ) was a high-ranking German party and student functionary during the Nazi era , including leader of the German student body 1931-33 and the general German Burschenbundes (ADB) 1933–34. After the war he was a co-founder and activist of several right-wing radical parties ( German Reich Party , Socialist Reich Party ) in the Federal Republic.

Life

Nazi career

The son of a senior shipyard inspector joined the right-wing extremist Bund Oberland as a high school student and joined the SA in 1926 . From 1927 he studied history, German studies, sociology, geography and newspaper studies in Greifswald and had been a member of the ADB fraternity Arminia since 1927 , of which he was the first charged in the winter semester 1928/29 . Shortly thereafter, however, he resigned from the Arminia with a larger part of Aktivitas after conflicts with the old rulers. He belonged to the Greifswald university group of the National Socialist German Student Union (NSDStB), which he had co-founded and led since 1928. In the same year he also joined the NSDAP .

Already chosen by Baldur von Schirach for the NSDStB Reichsleitung because of his considerable electoral successes , Krüger moved to the University of Leipzig at the end of 1929 , where he successfully reorganized the shattered university group. In 1930/31 Kreisleiter IV (Central Germany) of the NSDStB and the DSt, he was elected chairman of the German student body in December 1931 (until September 1933). In this role he was largely responsible for the central preparation and implementation of the book burnings in May 1933. In the same month he was appointed by Rudolf Hess as the "NSDAP representative for dealing with all questions pertaining to the student associations". He was elected federal leader of the Allgemeine Deutsche Burschenbund (ADB) and transferred it within a year to the German fraternity, which was already on the Nazi course .

After receiving his doctorate in 1934 with the sociologist Hans Freyer in Leipzig, Krüger first worked in the Reich press office of the NSDAP and in 1936 switched to the party official examination commission for the protection of National Socialist literature , within which he built up the "Reichsstelle für das Schul- und Lehrschrifttum" and up to 1942 directed. At the same time he was chief editor of the publishing house Bibliographisches Institut in Leipzig. Several attempts to appoint him to a chair (first in Strasbourg , later in occupied Poznan ) ultimately failed when he was drafted into the Wehrmacht in 1940, during which he took part in the invasion of France as a non-commissioned officer . There he became a cultural attaché of the German embassy in occupied Paris in 1942 in the rank of SA standard leader . Undersecretary of State Luther placed him there for informing the party office . A short time later , however, he had to be recalled from Paris because of sexual harassment of a secretary, and in 1943 was initially NSDAP district leader in Bendsburg (then the province of Upper Silesia ), later in the Westphalian town of Olpe , and from 1944 also head of regional training for the Gau Westfalen-Süd .

post war period

From 1945 to 1948 Krüger was imprisoned in the British internment camp Staumühle . After his release, he initially worked as a textile salesman. Despite being banned from political activity, he founded the " Association of Independent Germans " in 1949 and at the same time became a member of the German Conservative Party - German Right Party (DKP-DRP). After he was expelled from there in the same year, he played a key role in founding the more radical Socialist Reich Party (SRP), was a member of its party leadership and was also its first managing director. According to the British secret service, he had contacts with the Naumann district in 1953 . After the SRP was banned in 1952, he later joined the German Reich Party, which had emerged from the DKP-DRP, and in 1961 switched to the DRP spin-off, the German Freedom Party (DFP). When the latter entered into merger negotiations with the German Community , which later led to the establishment of the Action Group for Independent Germans , he left the DFP in 1964. Since the 1950s, Krüger has also been shipping right-wing extremist books.

In the late 1960s, Kruger turned to Freemasonry . Since 1967 he was a member of the lodge Zum Schwarzen Bär in Hanover and since then has also been active in journalism in this sense.

Until recently, Krüger was also the old man of the Hamburg fraternity, Hansea .

Works

  • Student and revolution. A contribution to the sociology of the revolutionary movements , Berlin 1934, 45 p. (Dissertation)
  • History of the German people. A ground plan , Leipzig 1937, 378 pp.
  • Freemasons at the turn of the modern age. Foundation and early years of the Black Bear Lodge in a historical context , Hanover 1974, 107 pp.

literature

  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume 1: Politicians. Volume 3: I-L. Winter, Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 3-8253-0865-0 , pp. 185-186.
  • Anselm Faust: The National Socialist German Student Union. Students and National Socialism in the Weimar Republic. 2 volumes. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1973, ISBN 3-7895-0153-0 (Vol. 1), ISBN 3-7895-0152-2 (Vol. 2), ( History and Society - Bochum Historical Studies ), (At the same time: Munich, Univ. , Diss., 1971).
  • Michael Grüttner : Biographical Lexicon on National Socialist Science Policy (= Studies on Science and University History. Volume 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 .
  • Gerhard Krüger , International Biographical Archive. 06/1952 of January 28, 1952, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely accessible)
  • Maria Keipert (Red.): Biographical Handbook of the German Foreign Service 1871–1945. Published by the Foreign Office, Historical Service. Volume 2: Gerhard Keiper, Martin Kröger: G – K. Schöningh, Paderborn et al. 2005, ISBN 3-506-71841-X , p. 670f.
  • Martin Will: Ephoral Constitution. The party ban of the right-wing extremist SRP from 1952, Thomas Dehlers Rosenburg and the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2017, ISBN 978-3-16-155893-1 (biography of Krüger on p. 104 ff.)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Volume 3: I-L. Winter, Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 3-8253-0865-0 , pp. 185-186.
  2. ↑ a b Anselm Faust: The National Socialist German Student Union , Volume 2, p. 160.
  3. ↑ Eckard Michels , The German Institute in Paris 1940–1944 - a contribution to Franco-German cultural relations and the foreign cultural policy of the Third Reich , Franz Steiner Verlag 1993, pp. 104–114
  4. ↑ "His apparently invincible tendency to convince every female member of the staff, whether welcome or not, of his personal charms, finally allowed Abetz to enforce his recall with a telegram, which was much laughed at in the Foreign Office, in which it was said that it was unfortunately failed to educate the young man to observe the simplest male rules of the game, and he had repeatedly, not only politically but also personally, against the motto of the message: 'seduce, do not rape!' passed away in the roughest. “, Rudolf Rahn , restless life. Records and memories . Diederichs Verlag Düsseldorf 1949, p. 195.
  5. ↑ a b Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Second updated edition, Frankfurt am Main 2005, p. 343.
  6. ↑ Michael Grüttner: Biographical Lexicon on Nazi Science Policy, p. 100 f.
personal data
SURNAME Kruger, Gerhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German party and student functionary during the National Socialist era
DATE OF BIRTH December 6, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Motlawa near Gdansk
DATE OF DEATH May 22, 1994
Place of death Heßlingen (Hessisch Oldendorf)