Gertrude Jekyll

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William Nicholson : Portrait of Gertrud Jekyll (1920)

Gertrude Jekyll (born November 29, 1843 in London , † December 8, 1932 in Munstead Wood, Surrey ) was an English garden designer and author. Considered the mother of the English country house style , often misleading as cottage garden called ( "Cottage Garden").

Life

Gertrude Jekyll was born in the town house of her parents, Captain Edward Jekyll and Julia Hammersley, on Grafton Street in the London borough of Mayfair . She had three siblings, the older sister Carry and the younger brothers Walter and Herbert. As a child, she took her nanny to Green Park and Berkeley Square , where she braided chains of daisies . However , she was not allowed to bring dandelions home because they were considered a weed. When she was five, the family moved to Bramley Park , a Regency- style country house near Guildford . The house had two garden ponds and was surrounded by a park. Her parents sold it in 1868 and moved to Wargrave Hill, Berkshire , the family ancestral home. At the age of 18, Jekyll began studying painting in London . She was influenced by John Ruskin , William Turner and Hercules Brabanzon . She also took lessons from the latter.

Under the influence of William Morris , she began to embroider and designed embroidery designs; in addition, she modeled, carved, gilded and forged , painted walls, designed inlays , designed wallpaper and jewelry, photographed and gardened. Many of her photographs have been published in magazines. She was also interested in architecture, drawing numerous architectural details and photographing rural buildings in Sussex. At the age of 19 she traveled to Rome with Charles Thomas Newton , curator of Greek antiquities in Greece and Turkey , in 1868 . She also traveled to Algeria and from 1873 to Lake Geneva , where she lived in Jacques Blumenthal's holiday home . She was friends with the artists William Morris, whom she had met in 1869, Georg Frederick Watts and Frederic Leighton . In 1875 she met the garden author William Robinson . After her father's death in 1876, her mother moved to Munstead Heath in Surrey, a remote country estate near Bramley . Her house was designed in 1878 by the well-known Scottish architect John James Stevenson . Gertrude Jekyll designed a pseudo-Jacobean open fireplace for the house and later laid out the garden. She herself owned a studio here. Her mother died in 1895. Because of an unidentified eye condition ("myopia"), a doctor recommended that she give up embroidery and painting in 1891 so that her eyes could recover.

Jekyll berühmtester Garden:
The Hestercombe Gardens in Somerset

In the following years Jekyll became a garden designer - without any special training. She rejected the fashion of 'carpet beds' (beds in which annual plants are arranged in accurate patterns), which was common in garden design at the time. Instead, she advocated more natural-looking plantings using perennials , which were often kept in different tones of a single color or less harmonious colors. She used the plants as color elements and paid little attention to their environmental demands. Their designs became a model for many garden designers. She designed over 400 gardens in the UK, Europe and the USA.

Manor House Garden in Upton Gray, Hampshire

In 1881 Jekyll wrote the first of over 1000 articles on garden design and plant use, especially for the magazines "The Garden", "Gardens Illustrated" (until 1932) and "Countrylife" (1900–1932). From 1900 she was deputy editor of "The Garden", a position that she gave up in 1901 because of her eye condition.

In 1889 she met the young architect Edwin Lutyens , and a fruitful collaboration began - he designed the buildings and the gardens, she planted them. Lutyens also designed her home, Munstead Wood , in 1896 , which she describes in her books Wood and Garden (1899) and Home and Garden (1900).

Gertrude Jekylls died shortly after the age of 89 in early December 1932. Her estate is kept in the Museum of Godalming and the University of California . Some of the designs are in the library of the Royal Horticultural Society at Lindley Hall .

Honors

Rose Gertrude Jekyll

The shrub rose Gertrude Jekyll , an English rose , is named after her.

Gardens (selection)

  • One of its most famous gardens to visit today is Hestercombe Gardens in Somerset .
  • The Manor House Garden in Upton Gray, Hampshire , designed and restored by her and Lutyens , can also be visited.
  • Munstead Wood , Surrey

Publications (selection)

  • Wood and Garden. Notes and thoughts, practical and critical, of a working amateur . Antique Collectors' Club, Woodbridge 1994, ISBN 1-85149-198-8 (EA London 1899).
    • German: forest and garden. Practical and critical comments and thoughts from a working amateur . Baedeker, Leipzig 1907.
  • Home and Garden. Notes and thoughts, practical and critical of a worker in both . Antique Collectors' Club, Woodbridge 1995, ISBN 1-85149-196-1 (EA London 1900)
  • Lillies for English Gardens. A guide for the amateur . Scribners, New York, 1901.
  • Roses for English Gardens . Antique Collectors' Club, Woodbridge 1994, ISBN 1-85149-213-5 (EA London 1901)
  • Wall and Water Gardens . Antique Collectors' Club, Woodbridge 1994, ISBN 1-85149197-X (EA London 1902).
  • Classic English Gardens . Studio Editions, London 1995, ISBN 1-85891-250-4 (former title: Some English gardens ).
  • Old West Surrey . Longmans, Dorking 1978, ISBN 0-903967-09-X (former title: Old English Household Life , with a foreword by Edwin Lutyens).
  • Color schemes for the Flower Garden . Country Life, London 1914 (formerly Color in the Flower Garden ).
    • German: Plant pictures from my gardens. About English garden design . Ulmer, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-8001-6367-5 .
  • together with Lawrence Weaver: Arts and crafts gardes . Gardens for small country houses . Garden Art Press, Woodbridge 1997, ISBN 1-870673-16-6 .
  • Garden ornament . Antique Collectors' Club, Woodbridge 1994, ISBN 0-90746-216-2 (EA London 1918).
  • Annuals and biennials. The best Annual and Bieannial plants and their use in the Garden . Country Life, London 1916.
  • Children and Gardens . Antique Collectors' Club, Woodbridge 1995, ISBN 1-85149-217-8 (EA London 1900)
  • Francis Jekyll and George C. Taylor (Eds.): A gardener's testament. A selection of articles and notes by Getrude Jekyll . Papermac, London 1984, ISBN 0-333-37655-2 (EA London 1937).
  • The gardener's essential Robinson Books, London 1991, ISBN 1-85487-106-4 .

literature

  • Richard Bisgrove: The gardens of Gertrude Jekyll . Frances Lincoln Publ., London 1992, ISBN 0-7112-0746-1 .
  • Jane Brown: The English garden in our time. from Gertrude Jekyll to Geoffrey Jellicoe . Antique Collectors' Club, Woodbridge, 1986, ISBN 1-85149-012-4 .
  • Jane Brown: Gardens of a golden afternoon. The story of a partnership, Edward Luytens and Gertrude Jekyll . Penguin Books, London 1994, ISBN 0-14-017563-6 .
  • Christine Miller: Almost home. The public landscape of Gertrude Jekyll (Berkeley design Books; Vol. 6). Architectura & Natura Press, Amsterdam 2013.
  • Helen Penn: An englishwoman's garden . Chattoo & Windus, London 1984, ISBN 0-7011-2395-8 .
  • Judith B. Tankard: Gertrude Jekyll and the country house garden. From the archivers of Country life . Rizzoli, New York 2011, ISBN 978-0-8478-3633-8 .
  • Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding . Sutton Publ., Stroud 1996, ISBN 0-7509-0672-3 .
  • Rosamund Wallinger: Gertrude Jekyll. Her art restores at Upton Gray . Garden Art Press, Woodbridge 2013, ISBN 1-870673-77-8 .
  • Twigs Way: Gertrude Jekyll . Shire Publ., Oxfords 2012, ISBN 0-7478-1090-7 .

Web links

Commons : Gertrude Jekyll  - collection of images
Wikiquote: Gertrude Jekyll  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 26.
  2. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 25.
  3. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 27.
  4. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 40.
  5. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 58.
  6. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , pp. 62-68.
  7. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 30.
  8. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 29.
  9. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 46.
  10. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 141.
  11. ^ Jekyll website
  12. ^ Judith B. Tankard, Martin A. Wood: Gertrude Jekyll at Munstead Wood. Writing, horticulture, photography, homebuilding , p. 28.
personal data
SURNAME Jekyll, Gertrude
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British painter and gardener
DATE OF BIRTH November 29, 1843
PLACE OF BIRTH London
DATE OF DEATH December 8, 1932
Place of death Munstead Wood, Surrey