Great stone graves near Jastorf
| Great stone graves near Jastorf | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Coordinates | Jastorf 1 , Jastorf 4 , Jastorf 5 , Jastorf 8 | ||
| place | Bad Bevensen , Lower Saxony , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3500 to 2800 BC Chr. | ||
| Sprockhoff no. | 774-777 | ||
The megalithic graves near Jastorf were seven megalithic graves from the Neolithic funnel beaker culture near Jastorf , a district of Bad Bevensen in the Uelzen district ( Lower Saxony ). They were destroyed in the 19th century. The graves were documented in the 1830s by Georg Otto Carl von Estorff ; four of them have the Sprockhoff numbers 774-777.
location
| by Estorff | Sprockhoff |
|---|---|
| Jastorf 1 | Jastorf 1 (774) |
| Jastorf 2 | Jastorf 2 |
| Jastorf 3 | Jastorf 3 |
| Jastorf 4 | Jastorf 4 (775) |
| Jastorf 5 | Jastorf 5 (776) |
| Jastorf 6 | Masendorf 1 |
| Jastorf 7 | Jastorf 7 |
| Jastorf 8 | Jastorf 8 (777) |
Von Estorff made a very precise map of the graves. According to this, grave 1 was located northeast of Jastorf near a sheepfold. Adjacent to the northeast were three burial mounds . East of Jastorf and about 500 m south of grave 1 were close to each other, graves 3, 4 and 5 and a little further northwest grave 2. About 500 m south-east of this group was a complex that von Estorff had counted as Jastorf 6, but it was already open the area of the field mark Masendorf was; it is the still preserved large stone grave Masendorf 1 . Grave 7 was about 1 km east of grave 1. Grave 8 was probably accidentally omitted from the map. It was located about 300 m southeast of group of graves 3–5 near the "N" of the north arrow , on the northern side of the road to Oetzendorf .
Location of the graves according to von Estorff (No. 2 and 3)
Detailed plan of the cemetery of Jastorf, grave VI belongs to Masendorf, grave VIII is missing
There were originally numerous other graves in the vicinity: to the east the large stone grave at Klein Hesebeck , to the southeast the large stone graves at Masendorf and to the south the large stone graves at Heitbrack .
description
Grave 1
Grave 1 was still very well preserved when von Estorff took it. It had an east-west oriented mound with a preserved height of 5 feet (about 1.5 m). This contained the burial chamber with a length of 14 paces (approx. 11 m) and a width of 7 paces (approx. 5.5 m). The chamber had 14 wall stones: six each on the long sides and one end stone each on the narrow sides. Six capstones rested on these. The westernmost had a length of 2.62 m, a width of 1.46 m and a thickness of 0.87 m; the second stood on edge and was 1.46 m long, 2 m wide and 0.58 m thick; the third stone was 1.46 m long, 0.87 m wide and 0.58 m thick; the fourth 2 m long, 1.16 m wide and 0.58 m thick; the fifth, 1.46 m long, 1.16 m wide and 0.58 m thick and the sixth, easternmost 1.75 m long, 1.87 m wide and 0.58 m thick. The grave was probably a large dolmen .
Grave 2
From grave 2 von Estorff could only make out a burial chamber preserved in remains. It was oriented north-south and had a length of about 9 m and a width of 3 m. Five wall stones on the eastern long side, three wall stones on the western long side and three cap stones were still preserved. The grave type can not be determined with certainty, but due to the size it has a great dolmen or passage grave have been.
Grave 3
Grave 3 had a north-east-south-west oriented barren bed with a length of 15 m and a width of 7 m. When von Estorff documented the grave in 1836, only a few surrounding stones remained. The burial chamber had already been completely destroyed; their location was only recognizable as a depression in the mound.
Grave 4
Grave 4 had a north-south oriented rectangular barren bed with a length of 14 m and a width of 4.7 m. Surrounding stones were only preserved on the two long sides. The eastern row had nine stones and was apparently still complete. There were six stones on the west side, another one had overturned, other stones were missing. Von Estorff could not find a burial chamber, possibly it was in the raised middle of the mound and was still completely covered with earth.
Grave 5
Grave 5 had a north-south oriented rectangular barn bed with a length of 12 m and a width of 5.5 m. Of the enclosure, only two incomplete rows were preserved on the long sides, of which the eastern six and the western four stones. The burial chamber was in the southern half of the megalithic bed. It still had four wall stones on the western long side, three on the eastern narrow side and the northern end stone. The southern end stone and the adjoining wall stone on the east side were missing, as were all the cap stones. Presumably the chamber was a large dolmen. The dimensions are a bit unclear; von Estorff gives a length of 8 feet (approx. 2.3 m) and a width of 4 feet (approx. 1.2 m), but the floor plan suggests a length of about 3.5 m.
Grave 7
From grave 7 only the remains of a north-south oriented burial chamber with a length of almost 5 m and a width of almost 4 m (?) Were preserved. There were eight wall stones and two cap stones left. One capstone had fallen, the second was only on one side on the wall stones. The type of grave cannot be determined with certainty on the basis of this information, but due to the size of the chamber it must have been a large dolmen or a passage grave.
Grave 8
Grave 8 had a north-west-south-east oriented rectangular barren bed with a length of about 9 m and a width of 4.5 m. Five stones were preserved on the long sides of the enclosure. A little to the northwest of the center was the burial chamber, the wall stones of which were probably still completely in the ground when von Estorff examined it. Only two capstones were recognizable; the top of the northwest was flat and had 20 bowls . The type of grave can no longer be determined.
literature
- Georg Otto Carl von Estorff : Pagan antiquities of the area of Uelzen in the former Bardengaue (Kingdom of Hanover). Hahn'sche Hof bookstore, Hanover 1846.
- Johannes Heinrich Müller , Jacobus Reimers : Pre and early historical antiquities of the province of Hanover. Schulze, Hannover 1893, pp. 80–81 ( PDF; 25.0 MB ).
- Ernst Sprockhoff : Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 3: Lower Saxony - Westphalia. Rudolf-Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1975, ISBN 3-7749-1326-9 , pp. 65-66.
