Guanosine triphosphate

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Structural formula
Structure of guanosine triphosphate
General
Surname Guanosine triphosphate
other names
  • 9-β- D- ribofuranosylguanine-5'-triphosphate
  • 9-β- D- ribofuranosyl-2-amino-6-oxo-purine-5'-triphosphate
Molecular formula C 10 H 16 N 5 O 14 P 3
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 86-01-1
EC number 201-647-3
ECHA InfoCard 100,001,498
PubChem 6830
ChemSpider 6569
DrugBank DB04137
Wikidata Q392227
properties
Molar mass 523.18 g mol −1
Physical state

firmly

safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling
no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Guanosine triphosphate ( GTP ) is an energy-rich chemical compound from the group of nucleoside triphosphates . It serves in particular as an energy store for anabolic (anabolic) processes of cell metabolism, such as B. as a product of the citric acid cycle (transfer of energy from carbohydrates and fats to GTP, which is created by adding a phosphate residue to GDP) or protein biosynthesis . In addition, as a substrate for G proteins , GTP plays a central role in the transmission of signals in the cell ( signal transduction ).

The GTP molecule is a condensation product of the purine base guanine , the sugar ribose and three molecules of phosphate . Energy is released by splitting off a phosphate residue with the formation of guanosine diphosphate .
The signal molecule cGMP can also be synthesized from GTP with the help of the enzyme guanylyl cyclase . GTP is also required for nucleocytosolic transport in the form of Ran-GTP .

Ran-GTP

Ran-GTP ( "Ran" by Ra 's relationship n uclear protein) is an important factor for the mass transfer cytoplasm - nucleus . Depending on the direction of transport (export or import of molecules), Exportin or Importin are initially required as a carrier. The two modes of transport have the following in common: Ran-GTP provides the necessary energy to bring Exportin with a molecule or Importin without a molecule from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Ran-GTP is converted to Ran-GDP in the cytoplasm. Ran-GDP diffuses back into the cell nucleus. RanGEF converts Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP, which can again attach to an exporter / importer.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
  2. ↑ Florian Horn et al., Biochemie des Menschen, 3rd edition, Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-13-130883-4 , p. 286.

See also

Other ribonucleoside triphosphates: