Gustav Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst

Portrait of Gustav Adolf Cardinal Prince zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1885)

Gustav Adolf Prince zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (born February 26, 1823 in Rotenburg an der Fulda , † October 30, 1896 in Rome ) was a German cardinal to the Curia .

Life

He was the son of Franz Joseph zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst and Princess Konstanze, born Princess zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg. His brothers were Victor Herzog von Ratibor (1818-1893), Clovis zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1819-1901), and Konstantin zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1828-1896).

career

Gustav Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst studied Catholic theology at the universities in Breslau and Munich and became a member of the Academia Ecclesiastica in Rome in 1846 . After being ordained a priest in 1849, he became papal grand almsman and in 1857 titular bishop of Edessa in Osrhoëne . He was ordained bishop on November 22, 1857 in the Sistine Chapel by Pope Pius IX. ; Co- consecrators were Giuseppe Cardoni , President of the Pontifical Diplomatic Academy , and Francesco Marinelli , sacristan of the Apostolic Palace . He had received a villa in enfiteusi from the Dukes of Modena and in 1851 initiated a series of works to save the complex of the Villa d'Este from deterioration.

In the consistory of June 22, 1866, Pope Pius IX created Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst cardinal and three days later appointed him cardinal priest of Santa Maria in Traspontina . Theologically shaped by Ignaz Döllinger , he was an opponent of the Jesuits dominating in Rome and the dogmatization of papal infallibility . He did not vote on it at the First Vatican Council and after the end of the council, during which the later Old Catholic theologian Johannes Friedrich had been his theological adviser, he left the Pope's residence to go to Schillingsfürst Palace . However, he submitted to the dogmatic definitions of the council immediately.

That is why he seemed to the German government to take on mediation with the curia . In April 1872 Otto von Bismarck arranged for him to be appointed envoy of the new German Empire to Pope Pius IX. But the latter did not give up his agrément and rejected the acceptance of Hohenlohe as ambassador, whereupon the diplomatic post remained vacant and was completely abolished in 1874.

Grave of the Curia Cardinal Gustav Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst

As a proponent of a reconciliation between faith and science and between the church and the modern constitutional state, he became more and more alienated from Pius IX. and its increasingly confrontational attitude. The hoped-for appointment as Archbishop of Freiburg did not materialize. Gustav Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst did not return to Rome until February 1876 and obtained from the new Pope Leo XIII. again influence. This appointed him in 1879 Cardinal Bishop of Albano ; However, Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst renounced this office in December 1883 because of the costs involved. He remained archpriest of Santa Maria Maggiore and became cardinal priest of San Callisto in 1884 and of San Lorenzo in Lucina in 1895 .

Hohenlohe and Liszt

In October 1861 Hohenlohe was the genius behind preventing the marriage of Franz Liszt and Princess Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein in the Santi Ambrogio e Carlo in Rome. In this way, disinheritance of his brother Konstantin, husband of Carolyne's daughter Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein, was prevented. Regardless of this, he became a friend of Liszt: in April 1865 he gave him the tonsure, in July the minor orders. Furthermore, from April 1865 to June 1866, when he was promoted to cardinal, he granted Liszt hospitality in his apartments in the Vatican.

Hohenlohe and the Jesuits

The memoirs of his brother Clovis According used Gustaf Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst before always a fair reading, the sacramental wine to leave only devour by a priest because he (according to 1859 revealed poison attacks on his cousin Catherine Princess of Hohenzollern , by the Holy Office were enlightened and in which the Jesuit Josef Kleutgen was involved) feared to be poisoned by the Jesuits.

tomb

Cardinal Hohenlohe was buried on the Campo Santo Teutonico .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ See Lisztomania: Liszt in Rome
2. ↑ See A. Walker: Franz Liszt, The final years, 1861-1886. (p.26v)
3. ↑ See A. Walker: Franz Liszt, The final years, 1861-1886. (p.332)

literature

• Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz :  Gustav Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 2, Bautz, Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-032-8 , Sp. 992-993.
• Günter Richter:  Hohenlohe zu-Schillingsfürst, Gustav Adolf Prinz zu. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-428-00190-7 , p. 490 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Martin Schlemmer: Gustav Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst. Highlights from the Hohenlohe central archive in Neuenstein. In: Church and Society through the Ages. Festschrift for Gabriel Adriányi on his 75th birthday. Edited and introduced by Hermann-Josef Scheidgen , Sabine Prorok and Helmut Rönz with the assistance of Reimund Haas, Nordhausen 2012, ISBN 978-3-88309-574-5 , pp. 373-415.
• Carsten Schmalstieg: Prince Gustav Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1823-1896). Grandezza and opposition. In: Alma Hannig, Martina Winkelhofer-Thyri (eds.): The Hohenlohe family. A European dynasty in the 19th and 20th centuries. Verlag Böhlau, Cologne 2013, ISBN 978-3-41222201-7 , pp. 107-130.
• Hubert Wolf : The nuns of Sant'Ambrogio. A true story. CH Beck, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-406-64522-8 .

Web links

• Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Gustav Adolf von. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed October 23, 2016.
• Entry on Gustav Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst on catholic-hierarchy.org ; accessed on October 23, 2016.

predecessor	Office	successor
Carlo Luigi Morichini	Cardinal Bishop of Albano 1879–1883	Raffaele Monaco La Valletta
Cardinal Naro Costantino	Archpriest of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore 1878–1896	Vincenzo Cardinal Vannutelli