Hamburg-Borgfelde

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Coat of arms of Hamburg
Borgfelde
district of Hamburg
Neuwerk → zu Bezirk Hamburg-Mitte Duvenstedt Wohldorf-Ohlstedt Mellingstedt Bergstedt Volksdorf Rahlstedt Hummelsbüttel Poppenbüttel Sasel Wellingsbüttel Steilshoop Bramfeld Farmsen-Berne Eilbek Marienthal Wandsbek Tonndorf Jenfeld Moorfleet Allermöhe Neuallermöhe Spadenland Tatenberg Billwerder Lohbrügge Ochsenwerder Reitbrook Kirchwerder Neuengamme Altengamme Curslack Bergedorf Neuland Gut Moor Rönneburg Langenbek Wilstorf Harburg Sinstorf Marmstorf Eißendorf Heimfeld Hausbruch Neugraben-Fischbek Moorburg Francop Altenwerder Neuenfelde Cranz Rissen Sülldorf Blankenese Iserbrook Osdorf Lurup Nienstedten Othmarschen Groß Flottbek Ottensen Altona-Altstadt Altona-Nord Sternschanze Bahrenfeld Schnelsen Niendorf Eidelstedt Stellingen Lokstedt Hoheluft-West Eimsbüttel Rotherbaum Harvestehude Langenhorn Fuhlsbüttel Ohlsdorf Alsterdorf Groß Borstel Hohenfelde Dulsberg Barmbek-Nord Barmbek-Süd Uhlenhorst Hoheluft-Ost Eppendorf Winterhude Veddel Kleiner Grasbrook Steinwerder Wilhelmsburg Waltershof Finkenwerder St. Pauli Neustadt Hamburg-Altstadt HafenCity St. Georg Hammerbrook Borgfelde Hamm Rothenburgsort Billbrook Horn Billstedt Land Niedersachsen Land Schleswig-HolsteinLocation in Hamburg
About this picture
Coordinates 53 ° 33 '17 "  N , 10 ° 2' 4"  E Coordinates: 53 ° 33 '17 "  N , 10 ° 2' 4"  E
height 8  m above sea level NN
surface 0.9 km²
Residents 8343 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 9270 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 20535, 20537
prefix 040
district Hamburg-center
Transport links
Federal road B5 B75
Source: Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein

Borgfelde ( Low German : Borgfeld ) is a district in the Hamburg-Mitte district of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg . With only 0.9 square kilometers, it is one of the smallest districts of Hamburg.

geography

Borgfelde lies between St. Georg in the west and Hamm in the east. To the north, Hohenfelde borders, to the south, separated by the central canal , Hammerbrook . It is only about 2000 meters as the crow flies to Hamburg City Hall . The running in east-west direction Borgfelder street, originally part of the highway to Berlin , divides the district into the on Geesthang located above Borgfelde and deeper below Borgfelde . A basalt retaining wall more than 500 meters long secures the slope. Ten staircases, some of which are still preserved, connected the street with the higher residential area.

Origin of name

There are several meanings for the name Borgfelde. The derivation of Burgfeld is obvious, because the area was used as an agricultural area by the residents of Hammaburg in the Middle Ages . Another interpretation derives the name from the Low German word for pig: “barg” or “borg”, Old High German “parch” or “paruch”. According to this, the Borgfeld would have been an open-air area for pigs, which was differentiated from the northern Schafheide (in the area of ​​today's Lübecker Straße) and the northeastern horse meadow (today Hasselbrook). The street name Bürgerweide still indicates the original agricultural use . It is therefore also conceivable that Borgfelde goes back to "Borger", Low German for citizens.

history

Housing development on Süderstrasse around 1910. Until 1938, this part belonged to Borgfelde, and since then to Hammerbrook .

The area of ​​today's district was left to the residents of Hamburg by the Counts of Schauenburg in 1256 and was mainly used as pasture for cattle for centuries. In 1633 a spring was discovered at today's Gesundbrunnen, which was ascribed healing properties and which was considered very pure for centuries. In the course of the road expansion, it was led into a sewer in 1906 and the Gasthof Gesundbrunnen torn down. Since the 17th century, Borgfelde was included as an apron ( glacis ) in the expanded city fortifications and remained unused and largely free from development. In the 1760s, the Hamburg Society for the Promotion of the Arts and Useful Crafts therefore recommended "to improve the market gardening (...) expose the desolate lands on the Borgfelde (...) for cultivation". But it remained with the sparse settlement with individual residential and garden houses.

Access to Hamburg-St. Georg led through the Berliner Tor . In 1805 the municipal gallows and the covering shop were moved from St. Georg to Borgfelde. It stood at today's corner of Lübecker Strasse and Alfredstrasse and thus outside the present-day borders of Borgfeld in what is now the Hohenfelde district. In the winter of 1813/14, during the French occupation , Marshal Davout had the fortifications reinforced and the few houses torn down in order to have a clear field of fire.

After the end of the wars of liberation , construction was carried out on a modest scale, wealthy citizens built the first houses in Oben Borgfelde, while agricultural use was retained. Soon there were “several very tasteful villas” and (at today's corner of Klaus-Groth-Straße / Alfredstraße) between 1822 and 1865 a windmill . The mill property later went to the New Apostolic Church, which has a church there to this day.

By 1855 there were 116 houses in Oben Borgfelde, including "many beautifully built country and garden houses", while there were 41 houses in Lower Borgfelde. But it was only after the gate was lifted that extensive urban settlement began east of the gate in 1860. In 1867, the requested Hamburg Senate in citizenship , support for development of the former Glacis area and to sell the resulting building sites. The fortifications were dismantled, later the outer moat at the Berliner Tor was widened and used for the railroad and S-Bahn .

Job's Hospital on the Bürgerweide
Alida Schmidt pen
Gertrud pen

After the elevation to the suburb in 1871, the planned development of the upper Borgfeld on the Geest slope between Berliner Tor and Burgstrasse began. Summer houses with large gardens were built. Agricultural use lost significantly in importance compared to residential and commercial use. In the four years between 1867 and 1871, the population grew by over 42 percent, from 2,011 to 2,859. This rapid growth accelerated in the following years. The "Vereinbrauerei der Hamburg-Altonaer Gastwirthe" built a brewery on Klaus-Groth-Straße, which was then called Mittelweg, which existed until 1914. The Malzweg, which opens onto Klaus-Groth-Straße, is still a reminder of this today. The brewery's ice cellar reached deep into the slope and was only demolished in 2011. Along the Bürgerweide, a street in the north of Borgfeld, charitable foundations built elaborate buildings, including a. the “house for needy, innocent widows and virgins of Christian denomination” built by the Alida Schmidt Foundation , the Auguste Jauch -Stift, also with free apartments for needy widows and a soup kitchen for “poor children” as well as the Job's Hospital, inaugurated in 1884 . In 1894 the suburb of Borgfelde became a Hamburg district. "Oben Borgfelde", north of Borgfelder Strasse, had a more bourgeois structure with representative residential buildings with tower and bay facades. In the southern “Below Borgfelde” mainly working-class families and small employees found accommodation (similar to neighboring Hamm ). A number of Wilhelminian style and Art Nouveau buildings were also built there.

Between 1906 and 1908 Borgfelder Strasse was expanded and widened to 20 meters. The steep embankment that separates Oben Borgfelde from the lower part was caught with a basalt wall and decorated in the style of the time with flower beds, artificial grottos and a fountain. Ten monumentally designed staircases connected the two parts of the district. The sidewalk at the top of the slope is still called “Oben Borgfelde” today. The street Brekelbaums Park, named after an architect who built several garden houses here, branches off from Borgfelder Straße. The Borgfelde secondary school was opened there in 1906 , later Hindenburg- Oberrealschule and from 1938 Hindenburg- Oberschule . The school was a four-story sandstone building, on the top floor was the auditorium with an organ, where the school prayer took place every Monday. The building was destroyed in the fire storm in 1943. The best-known student is Arno Schmidt , who attended school from Easter 1924 to November 1928.

On the night of July 27-28, 1943, Borgfelde - like other parts of the city to the east - was largely destroyed by the bombs of Operation Gomorrah . The population fell to one eighth of the pre-war population. During the reconstruction in the 1950s, the course of the streets was essentially retained, but instead of the earlier block perimeter development, the typical post-war row construction made of red clinker bricks was created.

In January 1947 a series of murders began in Borgfelde, which caused a sensation at the time and has not been clarified to this day: the body of a strangled young woman was found on a rubble plot on Baustraße (today Hinrichsenstraße). In the next few weeks, three more bodies were discovered in other parts of the city that are attributed to the same perpetrator. Despite an intensive manhunt, the so-called rubble killer was never caught.

Population and population development

The population in Borgfelde is made up as follows (data from the North Statistics Office, as of December 2016):

  • Total population: 7,461 people
  • Minor quota: 11.1%, well below the Hamburg average of 16.2%.
  • Share of households with children: 9.5%, is well below the Hamburg average of 17.8%.
  • Elderly rate (65-year-olds and older): 12.3%, well below the Hamburg average of 18.3%.
  • Proportion of foreigners: 28.4%, is well above the Hamburg average of 16.7%.
  • Share of benefit recipients according to SGBII (Hartz IV): 11.1%, slightly above the Hamburg average of 10.3%
  • Unemployment rate: 5.3%, corresponds exactly to the Hamburg average of 5.3%.

Borgfelde is one of the lower-income districts of Hamburg. The average annual income per taxpayer was around 26,217 euros in 2013 and is significantly lower than the Hamburg average (39,054 euros)

Population development since 1827

  • circa 1827: 284
  • 1831: 360
  • approx. 1855: 1.426
  • 1866: 1.998
  • 1867: 2.011
  • 1868: 2.262
  • 1869: 2,691
  • 1870: 2,756
  • 1871: 2,859
  • 1880: 6,858
  • 1905: 15.509
  • 1939: 24.993
  • 1950: approx. 3,000
  • 2002: 6,526
  • 2006: 7,099
  • 2011: 6,556

Politics and administration

In the 2015 citizenship election , the votes were distributed as follows:

  • SPD : 44.1% (-3.2)
  • Greens : 14.3% (+0.2)
  • CDU : 12.0% (−5.4)
  • Left : 10.7% (+4.1)
  • AfD : 6.1% (+6.1)
  • FDP : 5.8% (+0.7)
  • Other 7.0% (–2.5)

For the election to the citizenry , Borgfelde belongs to the constituency of Hamburg-Mitte .

Economy and Infrastructure

The traditional separation between "Upper Borgfelde" and "Lower Borgfelde" still exists. In the higher areas, residential use dominates, some villas from the pre-war period have been preserved. Klaus-Groth-Straße offers shopping opportunities, although these have become fewer in recent years. In the lower part to the south, residential development mixes with commercial buildings, especially craft businesses, offices and car showrooms. Borgfelde is one of the Hamburg districts with the lowest proportion of children and young people. Only 8.4 percent of the population are under 18 years old, the Hamburg average is 15.6 percent (2011). The social structure in Borgfelde is well below the Hamburg average. The income per taxpayer is 26,217 euros (2013), for the whole of Hamburg it is 39,054. More than half of the residents are foreigners (21.6 percent) or have a migration background (35.8 percent), Hamburg average: 13.6 and 29.6 percent respectively. The high proportion of single-person households is also striking, at 67.4 percent, which is well above the Hamburg average of 53.1 percent. Among Hartz IV recipients, Borgfelde is slightly better than Hamburg as a whole: 10.4 percent in the district, 11.0 percent in the entire city. Borgfelde suffers from a dwindling infrastructure. There is a lack of resident doctors, restaurants and shops. There is no primary school, no cinema and no pharmacy (as of 2011). At the same time, the district benefits from its central location. Property prices have therefore risen sharply here in recent years, and Borgfelde is considered a “location with potential” or even a “trendy district”.

traffic

Burgstrasse underground station

Important streets are Bürgerweide, Borgfelder Straße, Anckelmannstraße and Eiffestraße. Borgfelde is served by the U2 (Niendorf Nord - Mümmelmannsberg) and the U4 (HafenCity (University) - Billstedt) through the Burgstraße underground station in the adjacent Hamm district . Also lies on the western border of the district of the U- and S-Bahn station Berliner Tor , in the northeast of the S-Bahn station Landwehr of the S-Bahn Hamburg . Bus lines 25 (Hammerbrook - Altona station), 31 (U Rödingsmarkt - Lauenburg, ZOB), line 261 ( Berliner Tor → Horn → Wandsbek → Barmbek ) and the night bus lines 606 (Rathausmarkt - Langenhorn Markt) and 609 (Altona station) run - S Nettelnburg).

education

Saint Ansgar School

In addition to the Sankt Ansgar School , a Catholic high school, there are mainly vocational schools in Borgfelde. On the site of the former Brekelbaumspark secondary school, which was destroyed in the Second World War, there are now the trade schools for manufacturing and aircraft technology and for nutrition and housekeeping. The Reform School Burgstrasse, where Hannelore "Loki" Schmidt was a student, now houses the Burgstrasse Vocational School for hairdressers, beauticians, make-up artists and health professions. Gustav-Radbruch-Haus is located on Borgfelder Strasse, just before the border with St. Georg, and is Hamburg's second largest student residence with 503 places.

Social facilities

In Oben-Borgfelde there are various social institutions, some of which date back to the 18th century. Women in need are helped in the Alida-Schmidt-Stift. The St. Gertrud monastery, which was originally located in the city center, has existed since 1454 and today offers 33 apartments for older single women. Next to the above-mentioned Agnes-Neuhaus-Heim is the Mathias-Stift, which today houses apartments for HIV-positive people and is maintained by Hamburg-Leuchtfeuer .

Sports

The largest club in the district is the Hamburger Turnerbund from 1862 , which is based in neighboring Hamm.

The TuS Hamburg 1880 is also well-known because it has been hosting a major international indoor soccer tournament (currently Salzbrennercup ) in Hamburg for years under its long-time chairman Horst Peterson . TuS Hamburg describes itself as "Hamburg's oldest football club". Its roots lie in Rothenburgsort , as it was formed in 1947 as a merger of the Hamburg-Rothenburgsorter Turnverein from 1880 (HRT) , the Rothenburgsorter Football Club from 1908 (RFK) and the Komet sports club from 1908 , which originally came from Hammerbrook . Since 1951, however, he has had his sports field and club house at the Gesundbrunnen in Borgfelde. The HRT reached the final of the soccer championship of the German Gymnastics Association in 1926 , but lost 3-2 to MTV Fürth .

Religions

Church of the Redeemer Borgfelde
Missione Cattolica Italiana in the Bürgerweide
War memorial by Hans Kock on the east side of the Erlöserkirche

In addition to the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Redeemer , which stands in the far west of the district and can be seen from afar due to its exposed location on the Geesthang, and the New Apostolic Church in Klaus-Groth-Straße, the Roman Catholic Church is only with a small chapel in of the Sankt Ansgar School .

Otherwise, organized Catholicism has many institutions in the district. With the Sankt Ansgar School, one of three Catholic high schools in Hamburg is based here. The Agnes-Neuhaus-Heim of the Social Service of Catholic Women in Hinrichsenstrasse looks after mentally ill women and the Missione Cattolica Italiana is also represented in the district.

Culture and sights

theatre

Since September 5, 2004, there has been a theater in the Klaus-Groth-Straße 23, the Hamburger Spellwerk, which offers the independent Hamburg theater scene a large venue and seats over 125 spectators. The Klabauter Theater, a theater project in which people with disabilities work as professional actors, has been located in the former parish hall of the Erlöserkirche since June 2006. It belongs to the individual work support (IAB) of the Rauhe Haus and has existed since 1998.

Buildings

The house of the General German Construction Workers' Association, built in 1910, which is now used by IG BAU as the administrative center for northern Germany, is well worth seeing .

The Erlöserkirche from 1952, built according to plans by Henry Schlote and Friedrich Richard Ostermeyer , replaces the previous building, a neo-Romanesque brick church from 1901, which fell victim to the bombing. The memorial by Hans Kock on the east facade of the church commemorates the victims of both world wars.

The AOK building in the style of brick expressionism is further east on Burgstrasse. In the list of historical monuments: The Hiobs-Hospital and the Alida-Schmidt-Stift, built from 1883 to 1884 according to plans by the architects Manfred Semper and Karl Friedrich Phillip Krutisch .

See also

literature

  • Hermann Hinrichsen: Hamm + Borgfelde - golden middle class in the old days. Hans Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1979, ISBN 3-7672-0656-0 .

Web links

Commons : Hamburg-Borgfelde  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ J. v. Schröder, H. Biernatzke: Topography (...) of the area of ​​the free and Hanseatic cities of Hamburg and Lübeck. First volume, Oldenburg (in Holstein) 1855, p. 279, use Burgfelde as the actual district name and only mention Borgfelde in brackets
  2. ^ Hermann Hinrichsen: Hamm + Borgfelde - golden middle class in old times. Hans Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1979, ISBN 3-7672-0656-0 , p. 32.
  3. ^ Horst Beckershaus: The names of the Hamburg districts. Where do they come from and what they mean. Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-434-52545-9 , p. 26.
  4. ↑ a b c Hamburger Abendblatt. May 21, 2012.
  5. ↑ Hamburg as it was and is. Hamburg 1827, p. 210.
  6. ^ Hermann Hinrichsen: Hamm + Borgfelde - golden middle class in old times. Hans Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1979, ISBN 3-7672-0656-0 , p. 44 ff.
  7. ↑ JA Günther: Attempt a history of the Hamburg society for the promotion of the arts and useful trades. Hamburg 1790, p. 70.
  8. ↑ Hamburg described topographically, politically and historically. Hamburg 1811, p. 9; WL Meeder: History of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. Second part, Hamburg, 1839, p. 403.
  9. ↑ Matthias Schmoock: intermediate image and image - The development of Hamburg's Uhlenhorst. Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-8258-5963-0 , p. 143, fn. 497, with further references
  10. ↑ Hamburg as it was and is. Hamburg 1827, p. 210.
  11. ↑ J. v. Schröder, H. Biernatzke: Topography (...) of the area of ​​the free and Hanseatic cities of Hamburg and Lübeck. First volume, Oldenburg (in Holstein) 1855, p. 279.
  12. ^ Negotiations between the Senate and the Citizenship in 1867. P. 94 f .: Communication of the Senate to the Citizenship No. 26th
  13. ↑ Statistics of the Hamburg State. Booklet IV., P. 80, Hamburg 1873.
  14. ↑ Ronald Rossig: Eiskeller Borgfelde - A monument should disappear. In: www.unter-hamburg.de. under hamburg e. V., January 3, 2013, accessed January 13, 2013 .
  15. ^ Hermann Joachim: Handbook of Charity in Hamburg. 1901, p. 100.
  16. ↑ Hamburg Correspondent. May 10, 1908, quoted from Hinrichsen, Hamm + Borgfelde, p. 48 f.
  17. ↑ Joachim Kersten (Ed.): Arno Schmidt in Hamburg. Hoffmann and Campe Verlag, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-455-40345-9 , pp. 71, 78.
  18. ↑ Map of the destruction in 1945
  19. ↑ Hamburger Morgenpost. May 16, 2015.
  20. ^ Statistics Office North, Hamburg District Profiles, reporting year 2016, pages 34–35; Data status December 31, 2016 (accessed February 12, 2018)
  21. ↑ Hamburg as it was and is. Hamburg 1827, p. 210.
  22. ↑ J. v. Schröder, H. Biernatzke: Topography (...) of the area of ​​the free and Hanseatic cities of Hamburg and Lübeck. First volume, Oldenburg (in Holstein) 1855, p. 279.
  23. ^ Census of December 3, 1866.
  24. ^ Census of December 3, 1867.
  25. ↑ 1868 census.
  26. ↑ 1869 census.
  27. ↑ 1870 census.
  28. ↑ 1871 census.
  29. ↑ Results of the citizenship election on February 15, 2015. Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein 2011, accessed on February 19, 2015 .
  30. ↑ Statistics Office North, wage and income tax statistics 2013, cited in the Hamburger Abendblatt, October 12, 2017
  31. ↑ Hamburg District Profiles 2011, Volume 11 of the NORD.regional series. (PDF, p. 35, 3.28 MB) Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein, September 12, 2011, accessed on January 13, 2013 . ISSN 1863-9518  
  32. ↑ The world . March 7, 2012.
  33. ^ Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung . December 30, 2012.
  34. ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt . October 22, 2011.