Hamdanids
The Hamdanids ( Arabic الحمدانيون, DMG al-Ḥamdāniyūn orبنو حمدان, DMG Banū Ḥamdān ) were an Arab family who produced two small dynasties in northern Syria and northern Iraq at the end of the Abbasid period . The dynasties existed between 890 and 1003.
The Hamdanid dynasty was founded by Hamdan ibn Hamdun when he was appointed governor of Mardin in southeastern Anatolia by the Abbasids in 890 . His son Abdallah (904-929) was appointed governor of Mosul in northern Iraq in 906 and even ruled Baghdad in 914 . His sons were confirmed by the Abbasids as governors in Mosul and Aleppo .
Hassan Nasir al-Dawla (929-968) came as governor of Mossl and Diyarbakir increasingly under the influence of Shiite Buyids that 945 permanent control of the Caliphate had won the Abbasid and off the influence of Hamdanids in Baghdad. He was deposed from his own family because of his arbitrary rule. The Hamdanid line founded by Hassan Nasir ad-Daula ruled Mosul until 990 after a heavy defeat against the Buyids (979). Their territory in northern Iraq was divided by the Uqailids and the Marwanids .
Ali Saif ad-Daula (945–967) ruled from Aleppo in northern Syria and became the main fighter against the expansion of Byzantium into Syria . His court became a center of Arab culture through the promotion of literature. But already after the conquest of Aleppo by Byzantium, the city lost its importance as a cultural center. To withstand the Byzantine pressure, Saif ad-Daula's successor converted to Shiite Islam in 969 and placed Aleppo under the rule of the Fatimids in Egypt . In 1003 the Hamdanids deposed them in Aleppo.
Web link and sources
- Ḥamdānid Dynasty , article in the Encyclopædia Britannica Online
- The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition , Hamdanid's article by M. Canard