Army Officer School II

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Army Officer School II
- HOS II -

active 1956 to 1974
Country Flag of Germany.svg Germany
Armed forces armed forces
Armed forces Bundeswehr Logo Heer with lettering.svg army
Type Army officer school
Insinuation Army Office
Location Husum (1956–1958)
Hamburg (1958–1974)

The Army Officer School II (HOS II) was one of three army officers' schools for training of cadets of the Army . It existed from 1956 to 1974 and was based in Hamburg (from 1956 to 1958 in Husum ). Her successor was the Army Officers School (OSH) in Hanover.

Here on March 10, 1970, the much-noticed work theses “ Lieutenant 70 ” were presented. The soldiers' choir of the training battalion continued to appear .

history

After an advance command in October 1956 under Colonel Werner Haag , the Army Officer School II (HOS II) was set up on November 7 (or 1) in Husum in Schleswig-Holstein. This made it the second of three schools of this type. The HOS II moved into a former naval barracks (air base barracks on Flensburger Chaussee ). Brigadier General Ottomar Hansen became the school's first commander in December 1956 . At the beginning of 1957, teaching began with the 3rd Fahnenjunker course for 410 officer candidates . The official opening took place on January 22, 1957 in the presence of the Army Inspector , Lieutenant General Hans Röttiger , and the Minister-President of Schleswig-Holstein , Kai-Uwe von Hassel (CDU). In the same year, he was subordinated to the Troops Office (from 1970 Army Office) in Cologne.

On July 1, 1958, it was decided to move to the Douaumont barracks in Hamburg-Wandsbek . In 1961/62 the school was expanded and a new auditorium with a capacity of around 800 people was inaugurated. In 1963, six replicas of flags of Prussian regiments that had taken part in the Battle of Tannenberg (1914) in World War I and were evacuated from the Tannenberg Memorial in East Prussia in 1945 were hung in the auditorium . In the same year, the North German Broadcasting Corporation (NDR) shot for a report at the school for the first time . In 1966, the HOS II selection courses were relocated to the Army Officer School I and the Bundeswehr Fachschule (BwFachS) in Hanover. In 1966, the school took over items from the traditional community of the Kaiser Alexander Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 1 from Berlin for its officers' home .

The training battalion of HOS II had a soldiers' choir , which appeared on the record when we march around 1974 .

On July 5, 1974, in the course of the establishment of the two Bundeswehr colleges (1973) in Munich and Hamburg, the Army Officer Schools I to III were merged into the Army Officer School (OSH) in Hanover, later Dresden.

structure

HOS II was headed by a commander with the rank of brigadier general , who was supported by a staff (command and school staff). The school was divided into two teaching groups (A and B) with a total of six inspections and eighteen lecture halls as well as a teaching battalion . The inspections and lecture halls were conducted by majors / lieutenants ; a lecture hall consisted of 22 to 24 officer candidates. Sports, tactics and military specialist teachers as well as civil lecturers taught at the school.

Commanders

Training battalion

On November 16, 1956, the training battalion (LehrBtl HOS II) was set up in Husum. The combat battalion was divided into four companies. The permanent staff initially deployed came from customs , the Federal Border Guard , the riot police and the former Wehrmacht . It was used at the nearby military training areas in Putlos on the Baltic Sea and in Bergen-Hohne u. a. trained on American weapon systems. In July and August 1958, the company moved to Hamburg.

In Hamburg the recruits were housed in the Hanseatic barracks . In 1959 the training battalion was reclassified into an armored infantry battalion, the PzGrenBtl (L) 173, and placed under the armored infantry brigade 17 . It was then converted to the HS 30 armored personnel carrier. The battalion took on the support measures in the course of the storm surge in 1962 and the harsh winter of 1963 a . a. indispensable. Around 400 soldiers received the Hamburg Medal of Thanks .

In 1971 it was moved to Wentorf near Hamburg , subordinated to Panzergrenadierbrigade 16 and renamed Panzergrenadierbataillon 163 (SPz). In 1973 the Marder armored personnel carrier was converted in Wentdorf .

With the capture of Army Structure V , the battalion was finally disbanded in 1993.

Training, education and upbringing

The establishment of army officer schools in the 1950s served to “standardize” training. The military history lessons, standardized in 1957 by a “basic program” , which covered a period from the Thirty Years' War to the end of the Second World War , gained importance in schools . The teachers included a. Lieutenant Colonel Karl-Hermann Freiherr von Brand zu Neidstein and Günter Will , who taught military and war history.

The sociologists Rudolf Hamann and Wolfgang R. Vogt also lectured at HOS II , who, after the military educator Uwe Hartmann, contributed to “tensions between intellectuals and the military” as “military-critical [] intellectuals []”.

In 1969, in the course of a lecture by Lieutenant General a. D. Wolf Graf von Baudissin , the father of the Inner Leadership , nine provocative working theses of the eight " Lieutenant 70 ", which put a modern professional understanding up for discussion. These included u. a. the graduates Walter Zuckerer and Hans Ehlert , later head of the MGFA , born in 1968/69. Count von Baudissin commented that "For the first time [..] active soldiers on the left overtook him"; he welcomed the officers' initiative and described the content of the theses as "promising".

From 1970 to 1972, the rankings between instructors and participants were scientifically investigated at HOS II .

International

During the installation phase of the HOS II there was a close relationship with the US Army via the training team of the German Training Assistance Group . A number of national and international officials and military delegations (including from the Saint-Cyr Military School , the US Military Academy at West Point and the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst ) have visited the facility over the years.

Library

The inventory of the library of the Army Officer School II amounted to over 12,000 volumes and 39 magazines. In the 1970s it was donated ( de facto ) to the library of the University of the Federal Armed Forces in Hamburg .

literature

  • Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . With a foreword by Hermann Wulf , Hamburg 1966.
  • Gisbert Hoffmann: Investigation of a comparison of ranking orders between exercise leaders and exercise participants at the Army Officer School II, Hamburg . In: Journal for experimental and applied psychology 21 (1974) 4, pp. 546-563.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Hermann Zschweigert: The Army Officer School II in Husum 1956-1958 . In: Heino Hünken (Ed.): 300 years of the garrison town of Husum. 50 years of the Bundeswehr location . Compilation and processing by Henning Sehnert, Husum 2006, pp. 18–21, here: p. 18.
  2. a b Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 24.
  3. a b Helmut R. Hammerich , Dieter H. Kollmer , Martin Rink , Rudolf J. Schlaffer : Das Heer 1950–1970. Conception, organization, installation (= security policy and armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 3). Oldenbourg, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-486-57974-6 , p. 751.
  4. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 25.
  5. a b Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 27.
  6. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 28.
  7. a b Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 33.
  8. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 57.
  9. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 59.
  10. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 74.
  11. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 80.
  12. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 109.
  13. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 111.
  14. WA Chislett, Andrew Lamb : Nights At The Roundtable . In: Gramophone 52 (1974) 614, p. 282 f.
  15. Helmut R. Hammerich : Commission comes from compromise. The army of the Bundeswehr between the Wehrmacht and the US Army (1950 to 1970) . In: Helmut R. Hammerich, Dieter H. Kollmer , Martin Rink , Rudolf J. Schlaffer (Eds.): Das Heer 1950 to 1970. Concept, organization, deployment (= security policy and armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany . Vol. 3). Oldenbourg, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-486-57974-6 , p. 329, fn. 255.
  16. Helmut R. Hammerich , Dieter H. Kollmer , Martin Rink , Rudolf J. Schlaffer : Das Heer 1950–1970. Conception, organization, installation (= security policy and armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 3). Oldenbourg, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-486-57974-6 , p. 766.
  17. a b c d Hermann Zschweigert: The Army Officer School II in Husum 1956-1958 . In: Heino Hünken (Ed.): 300 years of the garrison town of Husum. 50 years of the Bundeswehr location . Compilation and processing by Henning Sehnert, Husum 2006, pp. 18–21, here: p. 19.
  18. a b c d Hermann Zschweigert: The training battalion of the HOS II in Husum 1956-1958 . In: Heino Hünken (Ed.): 300 years of the garrison town of Husum. 50 years of the Bundeswehr location . Compilation and processing by Henning Sehnert, Husum 2006, pp. 22–23, here: p. 22.
  19. ^ A b c d e f Hermann Zschweigert: The training battalion of the HOS II in Husum 1956-1958 . In: Heino Hünken (Ed.): 300 years of the garrison town of Husum. 50 years of the Bundeswehr location . Compilation and processing by Henning Sehnert, Husum 2006, pp. 22–23, here: p. 23.
  20. ^ Lindner: 10 years of training battalion HOS II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 117.
  21. ^ Lindner: 10 years of training battalion HOS II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 118.
  22. ^ Rüdiger Wenzke , Irmgard Zündorf: "An iron curtain has come down". Military history in the Cold War 1945–1968 / 70 . In: Karl-Volker Neugebauer (Hrsg.): Basic course in German military history. Three volumes with interactive DVD . Volume 3: The time after 1945. Armies in transition . On behalf of the Military History Research Office, R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-486-58100-3 , p. 116.
  23. ^ Friedhelm Klein : Military history in the Federal Republic of Germany . In: Johann Christoph Allmayer-Beck u. a .: Military history in Germany and Austria from the 18th century to the present (= lectures on military history . Vol. 6). Mittler, Bonn 1985, ISBN 3-8132-0214-3 , pp. 183-214, here: pp. 198 f.
  24. Ernst-Heinrich Schmidt : In memory of former lieutenant colonel Karl-Hermann Freiherr von Brand zu Neidstein. Museum director from 1963–1974 . In: The messenger from the Wehrgeschichtliches Museum 9 (1985) 17, p. 23 f.
  25. ^ Christian Hauck: Historical Education - Political Education. Two new ways of education for the Bundeswehr . In: Uwe Hartmann , Claus Freiherr von Rosen (Hrsg.): Sciences and their relevance for the Bundeswehr as an army in action (= yearbook Innereführung 2013). Hartmann, Miles-Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-937885-67-4 , p. 223.
  26. ^ Gerd Kaldrack : The social role of the company commander. A contribution to Inner Leadership by Wolfgang R. Vogt; Dispute over a misunderstood reform. A contribution to the Inner Guidance by Rudolf Hamann . In: Zeitschrift für Politik NF 17 (1970) 4, p. 489.
  27. Uwe Hartmann : Intellectuals and their confrontation with the military - limits, possibilities, expectations . In: Helmut R. Hammerich , Uwe Hartmann, Claus Freiherr von Rosen : The Limits of the Military (= Yearbook Inner Leadership . 2010). Hartmann, Miles-Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-937885-30-8 , p. 37.
  28. ^ Wilfried von Bredow : Military and Democracy in Germany. An introduction (= study books foreign policy and international relations ). VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-531-15712-2 , p. 131.
  29. Martin Rink : The Bundeswehr 1950 / 55-1989 (= military history compact . 6). DeGruyter Oldenbourg, Munich 2015, ISBN 978-3-11-044096-6 , p. 122 f.
  30. ^ A b Karl-Volker Neugebauer (arr.): Basic features of German military history . Volume 2: Work and source book . On behalf of the Military History Research Office, Rombach Verlag, Freiburg im Breisgau 1993, p. 408.
  31. Claus Freiherr von Rosen : Success or failure of the inner leadership from the point of view of Wolf Graf von Baudissin . In: Rudolf J. Schlaffer , Wolfgang Schmidt (ed.): Wolf Graf von Baudissin 1907–1993. Modernizer between totalitarian rule and free order. Commissioned by the Military History Research Office, Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-486-58283-3 , p. 217.
  32. Gisbert Hoffmann: Investigation of a comparison of the order of precedence between exercise leaders and exercise participants at Heeresoffizierschule II, Hamburg . In: Journal for experimental and applied psychology 21 (1974) 4, pp. 546-563.
  33. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 51.
  34. Hans-Otto Mohr: Review of the history of the Army Officer School II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 84.
  35. Herbert Rath: The library of the HOS II . In: Heeresoffizierschule II (Ed.): Festschrift on the occasion of the ten-year existence of HOS II, Hamburg 1956–1966 . Hamburg 1966, p. 125.
  36. ^ Martin Skibbe: The library of the University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg . In: Working group of parliamentary and official libraries (ed.): Libraries of the Bundeswehr . Part 2 (= workbooks . No. 33). Library of the German Bundestag , Bonn 1979, p. 11.