Hendrik Zwaardemaker

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Hendrik Zwardemaker

Hendrik Zwaardemaker (born May 10, 1857 in Haarlem , † September 19, 1930 in Utrecht ) was a Dutch physiologist.

Life

Hendrik was the son of the bookseller and publisher Cornelis Zwaardenmaker (* May 21, 1828 in Zaandam; † October 29, 1887 in Amsterdam) and the women's rights writer Jacoba Berendina Visscher (* May 5, 1835 in Utrecht; † August 4, 1912 ibid) . After initial schooling in Deventer , he attended the higher civic school in Amsterdam from 1870 and matriculated on December 14, 1874 at the Atheneum illustrious , which was soon promoted to university. Here he devoted himself to the study of medical sciences. From 1879 he worked under Casper Hendrik Kuhn (* October 27, 1848 in Amsterdam; † August 19, 1926) as a prosector of pathological anatomy and from 1882 of physiology in the laboratory of Thomas Place (* December 13, 1842 in Zeist; † 22. August 1911 in Amsterdam). After he had received his doctorate in medicine on December 21, 1883 with the work Over ischaemie van den hartwand (German: About ischaemia of the heart wall), he stayed there for two years as an assistant in physiology.

He was hired as a military doctor in 1882 and worked at the military hospital in Amsterdam. He was trained as a specialist by the ear specialists Hermann Schwartze in Halle (Saale) and Adam Politzer in Vienna . For a year he then represented the professor of pathological anatomy and general pathology Cornelis Adrianus Pekelharing in Utrecht, who had traveled to India. In 1886 he was entrusted with teaching anatomy and pathological anatomy at the veterinary college in Utrecht, where Franciscus Cornelis Donders also taught, and also supervised the lectures of the military doctors. Donders him supported by his model of an olfactory diameter ( olfactometer ), he developed a camera and a camera Silenta acustica. In 1888 he published a contribution to the physiology of smell , in which olfactivity , olfactometry and odor compensation were expressed. With The Physiology of Smell (Engelmann, Leipzig), published in 1895 , he showed rhinologists and psychiatrists how to examine the first cranial nerve. He also examined the airways and developed the aerodromometer . He also devoted himself to hearing and discovered presbycusis in 1890 .

On September 24, 1897 he was appointed full professor of physiology at the University of Utrecht . With his inaugural speech on the sounds of speech , he ushered in experimental phonetics, in which the philologist Gallée participated. Together with Hendrik Burger (born November 15, 1864 in Delft; † December 3, 1957 in Amsterdam) he published the Leerboek der Oorheelkunde (German textbook of ear medicine ) in 1905 and a Leerboek der Physiologie (German: textbook of physiology ) in 1910 . In 1903 he founded with Ambroise Arnold Guillaume Guye (born August 17, 1839 in Maastricht, † January 15, 1905 in Amsterdam) and others the Dutch Ear, Throat and Nose Medicine Association . In 1909/10 he was rector of the university and retired on June 13, 1927 .

He also discovered that potash salt or other radioactive substances stimulate the heart.

In 1903 he became a member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences , became a member in 1912, and in 1913 chairman, of the Dutch Society for the Advancement of Medicine (Dutch: Nederlandsche Maatschappij ter bevordering van de Geneeskunst), in 1919 he became a member of the Leopoldina learned society , and in 1923 of the Academy of Sciences zu Göttingen , 1926 honorary member of the British Psych. Association, 1926 honorary member of the Society for Speech and Voice Medicine, 1928 honorary member of the international association for experimental phonetics, he was also a member of the Vereniging voor Natuurwetenschappen in Groningen , the Bataafsch Genootschap in Rotterdam , member of the Maatschappij van Kunsten en Wetenschappen in Haarlem , corresponding member of the Royal Academy of Medical Sciences in Turin , the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin and the Austrian Association for Phonetics. He had received the Tilanus Medal for Experimental Medicine in 1896, became a Knight of the Order of the Dutch Lion and Commander of the Order of Orange-Nassau . He had received three honorary doctorates, so in 1921 from the Veterinary University in Utrecht and on June 30, 1930 from the Sorbonne in Paris. After being nominated for the Nobel Prize in 1930 , Zwaardemaker died.

family

Zwaardemaker married on April 12, 1888 in Utrecht with Margaretha Christina Verhoeff (born May 11, 1861 in Utrecht; † November 7, 1948 in Bilthoven), the daughter of Arnoldus Franciscus Verhoeff (born July 19, 1831 in Utrecht; † 3. November 1876 ibid) and his wife Margaretha Georgette Osti (born August 18, 1834 in Utrecht; † November 23, 1925 ibid). There are children from the marriage. We know of these:

  • Cornelis Frans Zwaardemaker (born December 15, 1889 in Utrecht; † November 21, 1890 there)
  • Arnoud Frans Zwaardemaker (born January 20, 1892 in Utrecht, † July 3, 1948 in De Bilt)
  • Jacob Barend Zwaardemaker (born June 13, 1894 in Utrecht, † August 28, 1957 in Bilthoven) Dr. med. in Bilthoven, m. March 4, 1926 in Utrecht with Hermine Mathilde Vlamingh Kiebert (* May 4, 1901 in Utrecht; † January 14, 1974 in Bilthoven)
  • Hendrik Zwaardenmaker (born December 14, 1899 in Utrecht)
  • Cornelis Christiaan Zwaardemaker (born July 4, 1901 in Utrecht, † January 24, 1945 in Ermelo)

literature

  • KJ Simon: Hendrik Zwaardemaker en zijn bioradioactiviteit. Een wetenschapshistorische verenning van een experiment. VU Metamedica, Amsterdam, 2006 ( Online PDF )
  • In memoriam Prof. Dr. H. Zwaardemaker Czn. In: Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde ( Online PDF )
  • In memoriam Prof. Dr. H. Zwaardemaker Cz. In: De Telegraaf. of September 20, 1930 (accessed July 10, 2016, online )
  • Prof. Dr. H. Zwaardemaker Czn. †. In: Soerabaijasch Handelsblad. of October 14, 1930 (accessed July 10, 2016, online )
  • Stichting van een Bolk-Fonds.- Prof. Zwaardemaker herdacht. In: Algemeen Handelsblad. dated September 28, 1930 (accessed July 10, 2016, online )

Web links

Commons : Hendrik Zwaardemaker  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Zwaardemaker in the Catalogus Professorum Academiae Rheno-Traiectinae
  • Zwaardemaker entry at the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences (KNAW)

swell

  1. ↑ CE Benjamin: Prof. Dr. H. Zwaardemaker: May 10, 1857-19. September 1930 . In: Archives for ear, nose and larynx medicine . tape 127 , no. 1 , December 1930, p. I-V , doi : 10.1007 / BF01586487 .
  2. ^ Medicine: Heart Radioaction . In: Time . December 9, 1929 ( time.com [accessed August 5, 2020]).
  3. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 269.
personal data
SURNAME Zwaardemaker, Hendrik
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch physiologist
DATE OF BIRTH May 10, 1857
PLACE OF BIRTH Haarlem
DATE OF DEATH September 19, 1930
Place of death Utrecht