Henry Edward Armstrong

Armstrong's historic benzene formula (original)

Henry Edward Armstrong (born May 6, 1848 in Lewisham , London , † July 13, 1937 there ) was an English chemist .

Life

He was the son of Richard Armstrong. From 1859 to 1864 Armstrong attended Colfe's School in London. He then studied at the Royal College of Chemistry with Hofmann and Frankland and then with Carl Kolbe in Leipzig . In 1869 he was promoted to Dr. phil. PhD and then became a lecturer in chemistry at St Bartholomew's Hospital .

Armstrong was from 1871 professor of chemistry at the London Institution. He became an Assistant Examiner in Chemistry at the University of London . In 1911 he was forced to resign as professor of chemistry at the Central Technological College. From 1914 he worked as a freelance chemist.

From 1875 to 1893 he was secretary of the Chemical Society, its president in 1894/95 and then vice-president. In 1876 he became a member of the Royal Society.

Armstrong married Frances Lavers in 1877. His son Edward Frankland Armstrong (1878-1945) was also a chemist and a member of the Royal Society.

Armstrong died in 1937 and was cremated in the Golders Green Crematorium .

He investigated the nature of the bonds in the benzene molecule and in 1887 published a centric benzene formula (Armstrong-Baeyer's benzene formula). He also delivered important work on terpenes , camphor and their derivatives as well as on the chemistry of naphthalene and the development of synthetic dyes. In 1888 he developed the quinone theory of color , according to which only substances that can form quinoid systems are colored.

Honors and offices

Armstrong was accepted as a member (“ Fellow ”) in the Royal Society in 1876 , which in 1911 awarded him the Davy Medal . In 1885 he was President of the British Association . In 1916 he was elected a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences , in 1932 he became an honorary member. Since 1934 he was an honorary member ( Honorary Fellow ) of the Royal Society of Edinburgh .

literature

William H. Brock : HE Armstrong and the Teaching of Science 1880-1930 . 1973

Web links

Commons : Henry Edward Armstrong - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Entry to Armstrong; Henry Edward (1848-1937); Chemist and Educationist in the Archives of the Royal Society , London

Individual evidence

^ Henry Edward Armstrong: An explanation of the laws which govern substitution in the case of benzenoid compounds . In: J. Chem. Soc. , Trans. 1887, 51, pp. 258-268. ( PDF )
^ Biographical data, publications and academic family tree of Henry Edward Armstrong at academictree.org, accessed on January 1, 2018.
^ Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724. Henry Edward Armstrong. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed July 26, 2015 .
↑ shaper RSE Fellows 1783-2002. Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed October 6, 2019 .

personal data
SURNAME	Armstrong, Henry Edward
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	English chemist
DATE OF BIRTH	May 6, 1848
PLACE OF BIRTH	Lewisham , London
DATE OF DEATH	July 13, 1937
Place of death	Lewisham , London

[Armstrong-1] Henry Edward Armstrong: An explanation of the laws which govern substitution in the case of benzenoid compounds . In: J. Chem. Soc. , Trans. 1887, 51, pp. 258-268. ( PDF )

[2] Biographical data, publications and academic family tree of Henry Edward Armstrong at academictree.org, accessed on January 1, 2018.

[3] Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724. Henry Edward Armstrong. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed July 26, 2015 .

[4] shaper RSE Fellows 1783-2002. Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed October 6, 2019 .