Hermann Willebrand

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Hermann Willebrand. Portrait of Ferdinand Meyer , 1896

Bogislav Helmuth Hermann Willebrand (born March 16, 1816 in Melz , † June 10, 1899 in Schwerin ) was a German architect and Mecklenburg construction clerk of classicism and historicism .

family

Hermann Willebrand is the offspring of an ancient Mecklenburg pastor dynasty who immigrated to Mecklenburg from Prignitz soon after the Reformation in the 16th century . Willebrand was born as the son of Pastor Ludwig Willebrand (1772–1845) in his second marriage to the Neubrandenburg pastor's daughter Dorothea Sophie Elisabeth, née. Kortüm (1793-1864). He married Maria Magdalena Charlotta Cordua and had four children with her between 1846 and 1856.

Life

Willebrand attended the Carolinum grammar school in Neustrelitz , but left it without a high school diploma and instead probably completed an apprenticeship in construction. From 1835 to 1838 he studied in Berlin at the art academy and the building academy . Wilhelm Stier (1799–1856) and Friedrich August Stüler were among his teachers . At Easter 1838 he went to Schwerin and, after completing his exam there, from June 14, 1839, he got a job as construction manager of the Grand Ducal Chamber in the royal seat. He worked alongside Georg Adolf Demmler on plans for the municipal hospital on Werderstrasse , the arsenal on Pfaffenteich , the Marstall and the theater.

The then court architect Demmler had applied with his designs for the new Schwerin palace . These were initially rejected like those by Gottfried Semper and Friedrich August Stüler. Demmler went on a study trip to France with his construction manager Willebrand. There Willebrand and Demmler made some drawings under the impression of the castles on the Loire , including Chambord Castle , which Demmler finally worked out for his then approved design. In 1843, at the age of 27, Willebrand was appointed site manager for the construction work on Schwerin Castle and in 1853 succeeded Demmler, who was dismissed in 1851. In the meantime, Stüler managed the construction.

In 1851 Willebrand was appointed court architect . At the same time he was given the management of the court buildings in Mecklenburg-Schwerin, which were under the responsibility of the grand ducal court marshal's office, the royal stables office and the court hunting department. In 1857 he was appointed court building officer on the occasion of the inauguration of the palace and continued the work until it was finally completed.

The Rostock university building was built from 1866 to 1870 in the neo-renaissance style. Willebrand was probably inspired by buildings from the Italian Renaissance ( terracotta ), the Wismar prince's court and the lake wing of the preserved part of the palace in Schwerin. The figures on the pillars represent the four faculties: medicine, law, philosophy and theology. The sculptors Christian Genschow and especially Gustav Willgohs modeled all of the plastic jewelry . The southern wing was built in 1844 according to plans by Demmler.

Willebrand also left his signature on renovations and extensions, for example in 1878 when the Schwerin Neustadtisches Palais in Puschkinstraße was redesigned . In 1882 he was appointed Oberhofbaurat in Mecklenburg.

Neo-Gothic designs were also typical in the 1860s. Examples of this are the six farm workers' houses in Raben Steinfeld from the years 1862 to 1865 (draft) or the collegiate church in Bethlehem Abbey in Ludwigslust (around 1860). In addition to the representative buildings in the country's big cities, Willebrand designed several mansions, castles and private villas. In 1863 he made the drafts for the national monument for the liberation warriors 1813–1815 in Güstrow and in 1873 for a victory column at the Old Garden in Schwerin to commemorate the fallen of the Franco-German War of 1870/1871 . The crowning figure of a “megalopolis” comes from Gustav Willgohs.

honors and awards

List of works (selection)

Arsenal at Pfaffenteich from 1844
Matgendorf Castle from 1856
Klein Trebbow mansion from 1865
Main building of the University of Rostock from 1870
Schwerin Castle
  • 1838–1839 (as a thesis): Elevation of the old cathedral with planning of a new tower
  • 1840 design for the altarpiece in Schwerin Cathedral (also involved sculptor Heinrich Petters , master carpenter Christiansen, painter Gaston Lenthe )
  • 1843–1857 Participation in the construction of the Schwerin palace (see above)
  • 1850 Draft of an honorary cup for the Minister of State von Lützow (made by goldsmith Giese, Schwerin)
  • 1852–1856 Matgendorf manor house, Groß Wüstenfelde
  • 1854–1856 Grand Ducal Jägerhof in Schwerin, Johannes-Stelling-Straße 2/3
  • 1856 Hofgärtner-Etablissement in Schwerin (Zippendorfer Chaussee, today Schloßgartenallee )
  • 1860 Augustenstift zu Schwerin
  • 1860 Church of Bethlehem Abbey, including interior furnishings, in Ludwigslust
  • 1860–1862 burial chapel of the von Bassewitz family in Prebberede
  • 1861 Infirmary in Schwerin, Stiftstrasse
  • 1865–1867 AnnenStift , a toddler school in Schwerin
  • 1865–1867 Bethlehem Stift and Johanniter Hospital in Ludwigslust
  • from 1862 six farm workers' houses and farm buildings in Raben Steinfeld near Schwerin
  • 1863 State monument for the liberation warriors 1813–1815 in Güstrow
  • 1865 Klein Trebbow Castle with tea house
  • 1866–1870 main building of the university in Rostock
  • 1867–1870 Gymnasium Fridericianum in Schwerin
  • 1867 Reconstruction of the college building, which burned down in 1865 (Government Building I) in Schwerin, Schloßstraße (Schwerin) 2
  • 1869–1870 Design of the Melkof Church
  • 1871 Guest House I for Ludwigslust Palace
  • 1871 Hunting dog house with horse stable in Ludwigslust palace garden
  • 1871 burial chapel of the von Bülow family in Marsow
  • 1872–1874 State monument for the fallen of 1870/71 ( Victory Column ) on the square of the Old Garden in Schwerin
  • 1875–1882 Museum of Arts and Antiquities, Grand Ducal Museum, today State Museum at the Old Garden in Schwerin
  • 1875–1878 reconstruction of the New Town Palace in Schwerin
  • 1880 residence for the director of the museum in Schwerin at the old garden
  • 1884–1885 summer palace in Raben Steinfeld
  • 1895 Grand Ducal steam washing facility in the Great Moor in Schwerin
  • 1898 Conversion of the Castellan apartment in the Ludwigslust Palace Park

literature

  • L. Fromm: Chronicle of the capital and residence city Schwerin. Schwerin 1862.
  • August Stüler (with Eduard Prosch and Hermann Willebrand): The castle in Schwerin. Ernst & Horn, Berlin 1869.
  • Untitled: Graves and monuments of Mecklenburg warriors from 1870 and 1871. Schwerin 1874.
  • Thieme-Becker : General Lexicon of Fine Artists , Volume 36, Leipzig 1947, p. 14
  • Gerhard Steiniger: Master builder in Mecklenburg from eight centuries. Reinhard Thon, Schwerin 1998, ISBN 3-928820-88-5 .
  • Olaf Bartels : The architect Hermann Willebrand 1816–1899. Dölling u. Galitz, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-933374-82-0 .

Web links

Commons : Hermann Willebrand  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ First names in literature also in a different order ( Hermann (Bogislav Hellmuth) W. ) and spelling ( Hermann (Bogislav Hellmuth) W. )
  2. ↑ Drawings received in the State Office for Culture and Monument Preservation Schwerin
  3. ^ One drawing in the State Office for Culture and Monument Preservation Schwerin, two further drawings in the Schwerin City Archives
personal data
SURNAME Willebrand, Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Willebrand, Bogislav Helmuth Hermann (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and Mecklenburg construction clerk of classicism and historicism
DATE OF BIRTH March 16, 1816
PLACE OF BIRTH Melz
DATE OF DEATH June 10, 1899
Place of death Schwerin