Relief train (railway)

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Standard rescue train from DB Emergency Technology, Saalfeld 2008
HSB narrow-gauge auxiliary train, Wernigerode Westerntor 2010

A rescue train is the term used to describe all self-propelled railway vehicles or railway vehicles hauled by locomotives (equipment trolleys, overhead line equipment trolleys, crane trucks or other special vehicles) that are used in the event of railway accidents or other operational disruptions to provide assistance, to evacuate or to eliminate the consequences of an accident.

Germany

history

Aid train (year of construction 2015) in Hagen Hbf.

The probably first railway crane car with a load capacity of 1500 kg was built by Cramer-Klett (today MAN) according to the board in 1849 and is in Burg (MD) on the station forecourt. A similar vehicle built in 1853 with number 1 has been preserved as a memorial on the MAN Nutzfahrzeuge grounds in Nuremberg (Vogelweiherstrasse). Such a vehicle, a workshop vehicle, is first documented on the Ducal Braunschweig State Railway in 1869. In 1870 the first crane truck was put into service. There was also a portable telegraph device and later - when the technology was available at the beginning of the 20th century - a portable telephone on the train, which could be connected to the telegraph or telephone line accompanying the route if necessary .

Since 1902 there have been doctor's trolleys that were equipped with the materials required for medical assistance, stretchers (two of which are suspended from springs), beds for the injured and an operating room.

In 1905 the association was supplemented by a team car. Most of them were converted older passenger cars or freight cars . The Deutsche Reichsbahn took over the vehicles in 1920. From the end of the 1920s, larger steam cranes were purchased and later switched to diesel engines. In 1931 the Deutsche Reichsbahn owned 380 crane cars with a load capacity of up to 60  t .

It was not until the German Federal Railroad began to replace these old vehicles. Between 1953 and 1957, 16 four-axle makeshift passenger cars were converted into doctor's cars and between 1961 and 1966 additional auxiliary passenger cars were converted into four-axle standard equipment cars. At the Deutsche Reichsbahn in the GDR , this did not happen until 1976, when 50 modern, three-part aid trains were built and put into operation within two years .

DB Netz AG

Ehg 388 in Hagen (Westphalia)

The DB Netz AG maintains the largest operator of the state-owned rail network in their emergency management at 49 locations unit auxiliary equipment cart or unit breakdown trains (ex DR). In larger marshalling exist partially two-way - motor vehicles for re-railing of freight cars . In addition, crane trucks with a load capacity of 75 or 160 t are available at several central locations (Leipzig, Fulda and Wanne-Eickel ).

The new type 732 (Multitasker 1200) crane trucks with a load capacity of 160 t have been in use at the locations (Leipzig, Fulda and Wanne-Eickel) and 733 (KRC910) with a load capacity of 100 t at locations (Fulda and Wanne-Eickel) since 2014 and 2018, respectively . The manufacturer is the Kirow company in Leipzig.

For rescue and rescue work in tunnels on the high-speed lines Hanover – Würzburg and Mannheim – Stuttgart , tunnel rescue trains are available in Hildesheim, Kassel, Fulda, Würzburg, Mannheim and Kornwestheim. This auxiliary concept was no longer used on later new lines (e.g. Cologne – Rhine / Main ).

For some time now, the operation of the relief trains has been partially transferred to external partners. The relief train at the Dresden location is operated by the Technical Relief Organization. Furthermore, the technical relief organization operates the relief train locations in Braunschweig (together with THW Wolfenbüttel), Frankfurt (Oder), Zwickau (together with THW Reichenbach), Singen and Niebüll.

In non-federally owned railways and narrow gauge railways currently come mostly two-way vehicles are used. The Harz narrow-gauge railways are an exception, as they already had their own narrow-gauge auxiliary train during the GDR era.

business

Operationally, a distinction is made between urgent and non-urgent relief trains. Urgent relief trains have priority over all other trains, even in the event of a test alarm.

Switzerland

The SBB only have auxiliary vehicles and no actual auxiliary trains. The implementing provisions for the driving service regulations describe a train in use with an auxiliary vehicle as an auxiliary train. The four-axle wagons are equipped with hydraulic lifting tools and have all the other materials on board to be able to put locomotives back on track. In addition, these lead vehicles multiple Dipploris (biaxial Raduntersatz, which in its function with a dolly is equivalent) with which a defective car or a faulty engine can be transferred to a workshop, even if the axes are damaged on the vehicle. The current ten auxiliary vehicles were procured as early as 1960. The plan is to replace the old vehicles with new ones.

Before 2006 the auxiliary vehicles were subordinate to the depot inspections. With the introduction of the full-time company brigades in 2006, they were assigned to them. However, not every service station is equipped with an auxiliary vehicle. Only nine of the fifteen locations have an auxiliary vehicle. These nine locations also have a road vehicle with light auxiliary material, with which, for example, a freight wagon can be put on the rails. Furthermore, the two militia company fire brigade locations Chiasso and RB Limmattal own a road vehicle that is equipped with light auxiliary material.

All Swiss railways with a larger network (BLS, SOB, RhB) have their own rail-bound auxiliary vehicles, while smaller railways are only equipped with a corresponding road vehicle. Both SBB and BLS also have their own fire and rescue trains : LRZ SBB and LRZ BLS . Another 8 rescue trains are being built for the SBB by the companies Windhoff , Joseph Meyer and Vogt. The Zentralbahn has an auxiliary car that was taken over by the SBB Brünig. It is an auxiliary car of the SBB - adapted to the needs of the narrow-gauge rack railway.

In Switzerland, no special rail cranes are kept available exclusively for the rescue service, but are withdrawn from construction sites when necessary.

literature

  • Axel Polnik and Lutz Zschage: Rerailing - towing away . The relief trains of the railroad . In: Martin Weltner: Railway disasters. Serious train accidents and their causes. Munich 2008. ISBN 978-3-7654-7096-7 , pp. 68-70.
  • Royal Prussian and Grand Ducal Hessian Railway Directorate : Use of auxiliary trains in the event of railway accidents . In: Eisenbahndirektion Mainz (Ed.): Collection of the published official gazettes from May 24, 1902. Volume 6, No. 26. Announcement No. 254, pp. 189ff.
  • Royal Prussian and Grand Ducal Hessian Railway Directorate : Service regulation for the reporting procedure and the intelligence service, as well as for the use of auxiliary trains and auxiliary equipment wagons in the event of accidents, etc. In: Eisenbahndirektion Mainz (Ed.): Collection of the official gazettes published on August 25, 1902. 6th year. No. 44. Announcement No. 386, p. 311 and annex.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ The report on an exercise with an auxiliary train in 1903 can be found in: Announcement No. 156, p. 160. In: Eisenbahndirektion Mainz (Ed.): Collection of the published Official Gazettes 7 (1903). Mainz 1904. Official Gazette of March 14, 1903. No. 15.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eisenbahndirektion Mainz (Ed.): Official Journal of the Royal Prussian and Grand Ducal Hessian Railway Directorate in Mainz of October 6, 1906, No. 53. Announcement No. 565, p. 474.
  2. ^ Victor von Röll : Encyclopedia of the Railway System . 2nd Edition. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1923 ( zeno.org [accessed on April 29, 2020] Lexicon entry “Auxiliary Train”).
  3. ↑ Polnik, p. 68.
  4. ↑ Polnik, p. 69.
  5. ^ Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (ed.): Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion Mainz of November 14, 1931, No. 52. Announcement No. 738, p. 338.
  6. ↑ Polnik, p. 68.
  7. ↑ New relief trains from DB Netz AG , accessed on June 27, 2020
  8. ↑ The emergency crane from DB Netz Emergency Technology. (PDF; 708 KiB) (No longer available online.) DB Netz AG, I.NPB 2, archived from the original on September 23, 2016 ; accessed on February 21, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.deutschebahn.com
  9. ^ Report of the THW local association in Dresden on cooperation , accessed on July 14, 2013
  10. ↑ relief train. In: Viktor von Röll (ed.): Encyclopedia of the Railway System . 2nd Edition. Volume 6: Freight Transport Crises . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1914, pp  194 -197.
  11. ^ Aid train at Zeno.org Article from Lueger, Otto: Lexicon of all technology and its auxiliary sciences , Vol. 5 Stuttgart, Leipzig 1907, p. 61
  12. ^ Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz (ed.): Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz of November 20, 1926, No. 52. Announcement No. 875, p. 418.
  13. ↑ Implementation provisions for the driving regulations (AB FDV Infrastructure) R I-30111, Chapter 1.4 Section 1 Train types . (PDF; 5.0 MB) (No longer available online.) SBB and BLS Netz AG, Südostbahn, January 18, 2013, archived from the original on November 7, 2017 ; accessed on July 1, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sbb.ch