Hochjoch bivouac
| Hochjochbiwak - Bivacco Città di Cantù CAI- Bivouac box |
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 The old Hochjochbiwak, behind it the Thurwieserspitze (on the right the Große Eiskogel ) |
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| location | Hochjoch, Ortler Alps ; South Tyrol ; Valley location: Sant'Antonio, Trafoi , Sulden | |
| Mountain range | Ortler Alps | |
| Geographical location: | 46 ° 29 '50 " N , 10 ° 32' 51" E | |
| Altitude | 3535 m slm | |
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| owner | CAI section Cantù | |
| Built | 1972; New construction: 2015 | |
| Construction type | Bivouac box | |
| Web link | www.caicantu.it | |
The Hochjochbiwak ( Italian Bivacco città di Cantù ), formerly also Hochjochhütte or Berliner Hütte am Hochjoch , is a bivouac box located at 3535 m slm (according to other sources 3536 m ) in the south of the Ortler in South Tyrol / Italy . The forerunner of today's bivouac was the highest refuge in the Eastern Alps when it was built in 1901 .
Location and ways
The Hochjochbiwak is located on the Hochjoch , a high alpine ridge crossing between Ortler ( 3905 m ) in the north and Monte Zebrù ( 3735 m ) in the south. To the west of the ridge, the Zebrùferner ( Vedretta di Zebrù ) extends above the Val Zebrù , which is already part of Lombardy , and in the east, steep walls descend to the Suldenferner above the Suldental . The bivouac is located in the Stilfserjoch National Park .
All accesses to the bivouac box are serious full speed . It can be reached in around four hours from the Alpini hut ( 2878 m ) through the Val Zebrù. The ascent from the Hintergrathütte ( Rifugio Alto del Coston , 2661 m ) in the Sulden Valley takes just as long, but is much more difficult, here you have to negotiate gradients of around 55 ° in ice and firn . The direct ascent from the Suldenferner side over the Suldenferner is also heavily missed and - at least in summer - often has difficult conditions. Another path leads from the Berglhütte ( Rifugio Borletti , 2188 m ) in the Trafoital over the Unteren Ortlerferner and the Ortlerpass ( 3353 m ) to the hut in five to seven hours.
The Hochjochbiwak is an important base for climbing the Ortler over the Hochjochgrat and for the normal route to Monte Zebrù.
history
The idea of building a first hut on the Hochjoch goes back to 1894, when the Berlin section of the DuOeAV looked at ways to improve the alpine infrastructure in the Ortler group. Construction was decided on October 13, 1898, and the site was leased shortly afterwards. Funding through voluntary donations worked well as the project was considered extremely prestigious. However, difficulties were encountered during construction, particularly due to the poor transport options. All building material had to be transported up through the Zebrù Valley by hand over Italian territory at an altitude of 2200 meters. The construction costs estimated at 17,000 marks were therefore far exceeded at 31,000 marks. The hut was finally inaugurated on August 28, 1901. The highest building in the Eastern Alps at that time was built on a small rock plateau in the middle of the glacier ice and was 10.3 × 8.4 meters in size. The walls, insulated with asphalt cardboard, were 1.15 meters thick and consisted mostly of stones blasted from the rock on site. The hut was not managed, but there was a provision depot that was regularly replenished. The bedrooms were designed for eight guides and eight tourists. The hut soon became popular, and in the summer of 1902 it was already visited by 76 people.
When the mountain war broke out in 1915, the Hochjochhütte was not occupied by the Austrian military like other huts. On July 7, 1915, the Italian artillery began to bombard the hut and destroyed it as a result. The Hochjoch and large parts of the Hochjochgrat remained occupied by Italy throughout the rest of the war, while the Ortler summit was in Austrian hands.
After the war, the destroyed hut became the property of the Club Alpino Italiano (CAI), but they did not rebuild it. It was not until 1971 to 1972 that the Cantù section of the CAI erected a modern metal bivouac box on the foundation walls of the destroyed hut and named the new hut after its town.
In 2015 the bivouac box was completely rebuilt and the interior furnishings were completed in the following years. The steel-zinc construction is clad with wood on the inside and now has 10 beds and solar cells for the power supply.
The old Hochjoch bivouac from the inside
Plan of the old Hochjochhütte
The Hochjochhütte and the Thurwieserspitze (on the right the Große Eiskogel ), by Edward Theodore Compton
Web links
- Bivacco Città di Cantù on rifugi-bivacchi.com (Italian)
- Ortler-Hochjoch-Hütte in the historical alpine archive of the alpine clubs in Germany, Austria and South Tyrol (temporarily offline)
Individual evidence
- ^ Peter Holl: Alpine Club Guide Ortleralpen . Ed .: German Alpine Association , Austrian Alpine Association , Alpine Association South Tyrol . 9th edition. 2003, ISBN 3-7633-1313-3 , pp. 74 ( Google Books [accessed March 13, 2010]).
- ^ A b c Hanspaul Menara : On the way on the Ortler . In: Wolfgang Jochberger, Südtiroler Kulturinstitut (Ed.): Ortler. The highest peak in the whole of Tyrol . Athesia, Bozen 2004, ISBN 88-8266-230-6 , p. 148 .
- ↑ a b Wolfgang Jochberger: Alpine refuges on the Ortler and their history . In: Wolfgang Jochberger, Südtiroler Kulturinstitut (Ed.): Ortler. The highest peak in the whole of Tyrol . Athesia, Bozen 2004, ISBN 88-8266-230-6 , p. 182-185 .
- ^ A b Hanspaul Menara: South Tyrolean refuges . 2nd Edition. Athesia, Bozen 1983, ISBN 88-7014-017-2 , p. 118 .
- ↑ Scheda Nuovo Bivacco “Città di Cantù”. In: caicantu.it. Retrieved July 5, 2019 (Italian).