Hortisol
A hortisol (composed of the Latin hortus "garden" and solum "soil") is garden soil that has been used intensively for centuries. With an Ah horizon more than 40 cm thick (by processing an Ap horizon) it contains organic matter with a mass fraction of more than 4%.
The hortisol arises as a result of the regular strong supply of organic matter through the application of humus fertilizer (including manure, liquid manure, faeces and rubbish) and intensive tillage (e.g. by digging deep into the spade ). Additional water supply through frequent watering and longer-lasting shading not only favor the growth of the cultivated plants , but also a lively soil life (e.g. earthworms ).
Typical Hortisoles are mostly found in old settlements, such as B. monastery gardens or in gardens within medieval city walls.
In the international soil classification World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), the hortisols predominantly belong to the hortic anthrosols .
At the World Soil Day 2016 Hortisol was the Bundesverband floor and the German Soil Science Society as a bottom of the Year 2017 declared.
literature
- AD-HOC Working Group Soil: Soil Science Mapping Instructions , Ed .: Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials in cooperation with the State Geological Services, 5th edition, 438 pp., 41 figs., 103 tabs., 31 lists, Hanover 2005. ISBN 3-510-95920-5 .
- W. Amelung, H.-P. Blume , H. Fleige, R. Horn, E. Kandeler , I. Kögel-Knabner , R. Kretschmar, K. Stahr , B.-M. Wilke: Scheffer / Schachtschabel textbook of soil science. 17th edition. Heidelberg 2018. ISBN 978-3-662-55870-6 .
Individual evidence
Black Earth (2005) | Pale Earth (2006) | Heide-Podzol (2007) | Brown Earth (2008) | Kalkmarsch (2009) | City floors (2010) | Vega (2011) | Moor (2012) | Plaggenesch (2013) | Vineyard soils (2014) | Backwater bottoms (2015) | Groundwater Soils (2016) | Garden Soils (2017) | Felshumusboden (2018) | Kippenboden (2019) | Wattboden (2020)