Hugo Blaschke

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Hugo Johannes Blaschke , known as Hugo Blaschke (born November 14, 1881 in Neustadt in West Prussia , † December 6, 1959 in Nuremberg ), was a German dentist and SS leader. Blaschke was at the time of National Socialism "body Dentist" Adolf Hitler and during the Second World War "Top Dental" in Reichsarzt SS Ernst-Robert Grawitz .

Life

Study and job

Blaschke, whose father was a master carpenter, finished his school career in Berlin before the Obersekunda. After completing voluntary military service in 1900, he completed a commercial apprenticeship in Berlin, Paris and Geneva . From 1907 to 1911 he trained as a dentist in Philadelphia and then continued his education in oral surgery in London . He finished his training as “Dr. dent. surg ". After that, due to the lack of recognition of his training in the German Empire, he practiced as a dentist in Berlin, where he worked in the dental practice of an imperial court dentist. During the First World War he took part first as a trainer and finally as a dentist in hospitals. After the end of the war, he took over a dental practice and worked as a resident dentist on Kurfürstendamm . Blaschke enjoyed an excellent reputation. From the autumn of 1930, on the recommendation of other patients, NS greats such as Hermann Göring and Joseph Goebbels were treated by Blaschke.

As Hitler's personal dentist

On February 1, 1931, Blaschke became a member of the NSDAP ( membership number 432,082) and shortly afterwards the SA .

“In November or December 1933 I was called and I was told to come to the Reich Chancellery . Hitler would have a toothache. It was around 7 o'clock in the evening. A car was sent, so I took my instrument case and drove there. I diagnosed correctly, the pain stopped, and I became the big man. For me it was of course interesting to deal with a head of state. "

- Hugo Blaschke (after the end of the war)

Blaschke was Hitler's dentist until the spring of 1945. Hitler was extremely satisfied with Blaschke's treatment. Blaschke initially received the title of “Dr. med. dent ”, since his doctorate , which he obtained in the USA , was not recognized in Germany. From June 1943 Blaschke was allowed to use the title of professor. During the Second World War, Blaschke was appointed chief dentist at the Reichsarzt SS at the end of August 1943 . In addition to Hitler, Blaschke also treated Martin Bormann and Eva Braun as a dentist .

In May 1935, Blaschke joined the SS (SS no. 432.082). From 1935 he headed the Dental Health Service on the staff of the Reichsführer SS . In the SS, Blaschke achieved the rank of SS brigade leader in early October 1944 . He also became Major General of the Waffen SS in 1944 . Blaschke was awarded the War Merit Cross, 1st and 2nd class, each with swords.

After the end of the war

During the Battle of Berlin in April 1945, Blaschke was able to leave for southern Germany. Blaschke's former dental practice on Kurfürstendamm was taken over by the Jewish dentist Fedor Bruck after the liberation from National Socialism . Bruck had managed to go into hiding in Berlin for several years and thus avoided deportation . He got the advice to take over the practice from Käthe Heusermann, who had been Blaschke's dental assistant since 1937. Bruck had previously visited Heusermann in Berlin, since before 1937 she had again been Bruck's assistant in Liegnitz . In the presence of Bruck, members of the NKVD interrogated Heusermann in order to be able to determine Hitler's teeth with certainty from their testimony. Heusermann was then taken to the Reich Chancellery in the absence of dental documents, where she was able to identify parts of a set of teeth as those of Hitler. Both Heusermann and Blaschke's former dental technician Fritz Echtmann were then deported to the Soviet Union until the 1950s , as they could clearly testify to Hitler's death.

Blaschke himself was arrested in southern Germany by members of the US Army in May 1945 . Blaschke spent his imprisonment time as the main culprit in the Allied internment camp for Nazi celebrities in Nuremberg- Langwasser . After a request from the Soviet military administration , Blaschke had to recreate Hitler's teeth in plaster of paris to identify Hitler's corpse. The plaster dentures made from memory matched those of Hitler's teeth that were in Soviet custody. Blaschke was also interrogated during the Nuremberg Trials and used to identify prominent National Socialists. In mid-December 1948 Blaschke was released from internment. As part of the denazification he was then classified as a “fellow traveler”.

He then married for the second time and settled in Nuremberg, where he again worked as a dentist. Blaschke was unable to realize a planned emigration and was unable to place a developed patent (“Medical device for painless treatment of living organs, especially teeth”) on the market. According to Deprem-Hennen, Blaschke died on September 15, 1960 in Nuremberg. Ernst Klee and Traudl Junge , on the other hand, give December 6, 1959.

Ratings

Blaschke is in a dissertation to Dr. med. dent. (Deprem-Hennen 2007) as an ambivalent personality. On the one hand, Blaschke was a close confidante of Hitler, who was also valued by SS bigwigs. In his function as a member of the "Reichsarzt SS and Police" department, he was involved in setting up dental stations in concentration camps and also used dental gold from murdered Jews for his dental treatments. On the other hand, Blaschke is said to have brought his paralyzed Jewish landlord, in whose villa he lived, to safety during bombing raids on Berlin.

literature

  • Menevse Deprem-Hennen: Hitler's personal dentist : Hugo Johannes Blaschke's life between politics and dentistry . University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 2007. (Dissertation as Dr. med. Dent. At the Institute for the History of Medicine at the University of Düsseldorf, supervised by Hans Schadewaldt .) Abstract .
  • Hans-Joachim Neumann , Henrik Eberle : Was Hitler sick ?: a final finding , Lübbe-Verlag, Bergisch Gladbach 2009, ISBN 978-3-7857-2386-9 .
  • Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945 . 2nd Edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 .
  • Jens Westemeier , Mathias Schmidt: Hitler's dentist. Hugo Johannes Blaschke , in: Z ahnärztliche Mitteilungen 107 (2017), 1, pp. 60f.
  • Menevse Deprem-Hennen, Jens Westemeier: SS- Brigadführer Hugo Johannes Blaschke - Hitler's " personal dentist " , in: Mathias Schmidt, Jens Westemeier and Dominik Groß (eds.): The doctors of the Nazi leaders - careers and networks (= medicine and National Socialism , 5), Berlin / Münster 2018, pp. 105–126.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Hans-Joachim Neumann, Henrik Eberle: Was Hitler sick ?: a final finding , Bergisch Gladbach 2009, p. 109ff.
  2. ↑ a b c d Ekkhard Häussermann: Hugo Johannes Blaschke - Adolf Hitler's personal dentist , in: Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen Online , issue 5 of March 1, 2008, p. 122.
  3. ↑ Blaschke's statement after the end of the war in 1945 in an American internment. Quoted by: Ekkhard Häussermann: "Hugo Johannes Blaschke - Adolf Hitler's personal dentist ", in: Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen Online , issue 5 of March 1, 2008, p. 122.
  4. ↑ Editorial: Views . In: British Medical Journal, No. 2 (6096) of November 5, 1977, PMC 1632127 (free full text), p. 1229.
  5. ↑ Hugo Blaschke on www.dws-xip.pl
  6. ^ Hitler - A piece of fabric , in: Der Spiegel , No. 32, edition of August 5, 1968, p. 32f.
  7. ↑ Kay Lutze: “ From Liegnitz to New York - The life story of the Jewish dentist Fedor Bruck (1895-1982) ( Memento of the original from October 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. “, In: Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen Online , Issue 10 of May 16, 2006, pp. 124–127. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zm-online.de
  8. ^ Ulli Kulke : " The second death of Adolf Hitler ", in: Die Welt Online from October 25, 2006.
  9. ↑ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 52.
  10. ↑ Traudl Junge, Melissa Müller: Until the last hour. Hitler's secretary tells her life. List-Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3548604706 .
personal data
SURNAME Blaschke, Hugo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Blaschke, Hugo Johannes (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German dentist and SS leader
DATE OF BIRTH November 14, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Neustadt in West Prussia
DATE OF DEATH December 6, 1959
Place of death Nuremberg