Ignác Alpár

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Ignác Alpár (1905)

Ignatz Schöckl (born January 17, 1855 in Pest , Austrian Empire , † April 27, 1928 in Zurich ), Magyarized as Ignác Alpár from 1880 , was a Hungarian architect of historicism .

Life

Ignatz Schöckl was born in 1855 as the son of the Graz- based master carpenter and manufacturer Matthias Schöckl . His mother Eiselle Maria came from a Württemberg industrial family. In 1873, at the age of 18, he received an apprenticeship as a bricklayer . Until 1877 he studied a total of six years at the Berlin Building Academy , among others with Heinrich Strack and Richard Lucae . He then went on a study trip to Italy and Tunisia . When he returned to Budapest in 1880, he had his name changed to Ignác Alpár. Between 1882 and 1885 he worked as a research assistant at the Technical University of Budapest , first with Emmerich Steindl , then with Alois Hauszmann .

In 1884 Alpár opened his own office in Budapest and from 1890 he only worked independently. Due to winning several competitions, his office developed into one of the largest planning companies in Hungary in the following years. His first buildings included numerous tenement houses, upper-class single-family houses in Budapest and various public buildings in smaller towns, mainly in Transylvania but also in Sopron (Ödenburg), Pécs (Fünfkirchen) and Bratislava (Pressburg). From the turn of the century Budapest became the main place of his work. In 1906 Alpár made a trip to Constantinople , Syria and Palestine .

After the First World War Alpár ended his professional activity. In 1925, in honor of the now 70-year-old architect, a stone relief was attached to the historic Vajdahunyad ensemble in the city park. As a member of a Hungarian delegation for the unveiling of the Kossuth statue in Manhattan's Riverside Park , he made another trip to New York at the beginning of 1928 . On his return trip he spent a few days in Paris , on his onward journey the 73-year-old Alpár fell ill with flu and died in April 1928 in a Zurich sanatorium. He was laid out in Vajdahunyad Castle and buried in the Kerepes cemetery .

plant

Vajdahunyad Castle (1896)
Hungarian Agricultural Museum (1896)
View into the cloister of Vajdahunyad Castle (1896)
Hungarian National Bank (1905)

Ignác Alpár planned and built over a hundred buildings. In his early works he mostly integrated elements of the Romanesque and Gothic , later elements of the Renaissance and Baroque . At the turn of the century, elements of Hungarian Art Nouveau appeared in some of his works . The eclectic use of these stylistic devices was characteristic of all of his works .

The Vajdahunyad Castle (today Hungarian Agricultural Museum ), a building complex for the Budapest Millennium Exhibition in 1896 , combines the elements of numerous important Hungarian buildings and was one of his first and most famous works. In Budapest in the 1900s Alpár received a number of orders for bank buildings, and soon enjoyed a reputation among architects as a specialist in designs of this kind. As an architect of many public buildings, as well as large apartment and commercial buildings, his influence still has an impact on the Budapest cityscape today .

Buildings (selection)

Honors

After the funeral it was decided to erect a memorial for him, which was erected in 1931 by the Hungarian sculptor Eduard "Ede" Telcs in front of the historical ensemble in the Stadtwäldchen . Since 1958, the Hungarian building industry has awarded the “Ignác Alpár Medal” to outstanding architects every year.

literature

  • Eszter Gábor: Magyar Művészet 1890-1919. L. Németh, Budapest 1981.
  • Ákos Moravánszky: The architecture of the turn of the century in Hungary and its relationship to the Viennese architecture of the time. VWGÖ, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-85369-537-X .
  • Ákos Moravánszky: The Architecture of the Danube Monarchy . Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-433-02037-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Kata Marótzy: 150 éve született Alpár Ignác . In: Budapest University of Technology and Economics (ed.): Architectura Hungariae . Budapest 2005 ( online [accessed July 8, 2012]). online ( Memento of the original from January 7, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / arch.et.bme.hu
  2. ↑ a b c Ignác Alpár, Magnificent, decorative style (PDF; 386 kB) Neue Zeitung , Hungarian German weekly newspaper . S. 4. May 16, 2003. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 8, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.neue-zeitung.hu
  3. ^ Gábor Papp: Alpár Ignác . In: Enciklopédia (ed.): Artportal Hungary . Budapest 2011 ( online [accessed July 8, 2012]). online ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / artportal.hu
  4. ↑ Ignác Alpár (1855–1928) ( English ) Magyar Nemzeti Bank . Retrieved on July 8, 2012.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / penziranytu.mnb.hu  

Web links

Commons : Ignác Alpár  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Alpár, Ignác
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schöckl, Ignatz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian architect
DATE OF BIRTH January 17, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH pest
DATE OF DEATH April 27, 1928
Place of death Zurich