Indapamide

Structural formula
	Structural formula without stereochemistry
General
Surname	Indapamide
other names	( RS ) -4-chloro- N - (2-methyl-1-indolinyl) -3sulfamoylbenzamide; (±) -4-chloro- N - (2-methyl-1-indolinyl) -3-sulfamoylbenzamide; 3- (aminosulfonyl) -4-chloro- N - (2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-1- H -indol-1-yl) benzamide;
Molecular formula	C 16 H 16 ClN 3 O 3 S
Brief description	White, slightly bitter powder
External identifiers / databases
EC number	248-012-7
ECHA InfoCard	100.043.633
PubChem	3702
DrugBank	DB00808
Wikidata	Q1078392
Drug information
ATC code	C03 BA11
properties
Molar mass	365.83 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	160-162 ° C
pK s value	8.3
solubility	soluble in ethanol
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 361
	P: ?
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Indapamide ( INN ) is a benzamide derivative that is used as a diuretic . This is a diuretic that is used to regulate high blood pressure and heart rate .

General

The prescribed daily doses ( DDD ) for indapamide were 12.1 million in 2016. That is an increase of 4.2% compared to the previous year.

Type and duration of the effect

The calcium flow in the muscle cells is reduced and a redistribution of the calcium stored in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) takes place. This achieves a blood pressure lowering effect from 1.5 mg, more pronounced at 2.5 mg daily.

The drug also reduces sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule of the kidneys. This leads to a reduction in water recovery, which creates a flushing effect. The flushing effect only occurs from 5 mg. Thus, the drug is one of the diuretics .

Indapamide reduces the risk of arteriosclerosis .

The half-life is 15 to 18 hours.

Distribution in the body

Over 90% of indapamide is chemically converted in the liver . 60 to 70% of the resulting products are passed through the kidneys into the urine . 16 to 20% of the metabolites end up in the stool. 7% of the original substance can be found in the urine.

Side effects

Allergic reactions, rashes, exacerbation of pre-existing lupus erythematosus , nausea, dry mouth , constipation, dizziness, headache, paresthesia , pancreatitis .

Stereochemistry

Indapamide contains a stereocenter and consists of two enantiomers . This is a racemate , i.e. a 1: 1 mixture of ( R ) and ( S ) form:

Enantiomers of indapamide
CAS number 77083-52-4	CAS number 77083-53-5

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j F. v. Bruchhausen, G. Dannhardt, S. Ebel, AW Frahm, E. Hackenthal, U. Holzgrabe (Eds.): Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice: Volume 8: Substances E – O , Springer Verlag, Berlin, Edition 5, 1993, Pp. 534-536, ISBN 978-3-642-63428-4 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-642-57994-3 .
↑ S. Gayathri, TS Renuga, S. Gunasekaran (Ed.): Qualitative and quantitative analysis on some cardiovascular drugs . In: Asian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 22, No. 8, pp. 5824-5834, 2010.
↑ ATM Serajuddin, M. Rosoff, D. Mufson (ed.): Effect of thermal history on the glassy state of indapamide . In: Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 219-220, 1986.
↑ Template: CL Inventory / not harmonized There is not yet a harmonized classification for this substance . A labeling of indapamide in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), which was retrieved on December 9, 2017, is reproduced from a self-classification by the distributor .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Rote Liste Service GmbH (Ed.): Rote Liste 2017 - drug directory for Germany (including EU approvals and certain medical devices) . Rote Liste Service GmbH, Frankfurt / Main, 2017, edition 57, ISBN 978-3-946057-10-9 , p. 190.
↑ U. Schwabe, D. Paffrath, W.-D. Ludwig, J. Klauber (Ed.): Drug Ordinance Report 2017 . Springer Verlag, Germany, 2017, ISBN 978-3-662-54629-1 , p. 479.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d F. Block (Ed.): Compendium of neurological pharmacotherapy . Springer Medizin Verlag, Heidelberg, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-31348-9 , p. 300.

[Hager-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j F. v. Bruchhausen, G. Dannhardt, S. Ebel, AW Frahm, E. Hackenthal, U. Holzgrabe (Eds.): Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice: Volume 8: Substances E – O , Springer Verlag, Berlin, Edition 5, 1993, Pp. 534-536, ISBN 978-3-642-63428-4 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-642-57994-3 .

[2] S. Gayathri, TS Renuga, S. Gunasekaran (Ed.): Qualitative and quantitative analysis on some cardiovascular drugs . In: Asian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 22, No. 8, pp. 5824-5834, 2010.

[3] ATM Serajuddin, M. Rosoff, D. Mufson (ed.): Effect of thermal history on the glassy state of indapamide . In: Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 219-220, 1986.

[4] Template: CL Inventory / not harmonized There is not yet a harmonized classification for this substance . A labeling of indapamide in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), which was retrieved on December 9, 2017, is reproduced from a self-classification by the distributor .

[Rote_Liste-5] Rote Liste Service GmbH (Ed.): Rote Liste 2017 - drug directory for Germany (including EU approvals and certain medical devices) . Rote Liste Service GmbH, Frankfurt / Main, 2017, edition 57, ISBN 978-3-946057-10-9 , p. 190.

[Schwabe-6] U. Schwabe, D. Paffrath, W.-D. Ludwig, J. Klauber (Ed.): Drug Ordinance Report 2017 . Springer Verlag, Germany, 2017, ISBN 978-3-662-54629-1 , p. 479.

[Block-7] F. Block (Ed.): Compendium of neurological pharmacotherapy . Springer Medizin Verlag, Heidelberg, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-31348-9 , p. 300.