Infibulation
An infibulation ( Latin: fibula "clasp") is the (partial) closure of the human genital opening with the aim of preventing coitus (sexual intercourse) and masturbation (self-satisfaction). Infibulation has been documented since ancient times and is still widespread in some cultures today.
Infibulation of the male genitals
In men, the foreskin is closed with an inserted ring so that the foreskin can no longer be pulled back. In older sources, however, infibulation is also the impaling of the glans penis (glans of the penis) in men by z. B. described bone braces for jewelry purposes and to increase stimuli.
Infibulation of the female genitals
The infibulation in women ( synonymous term: Pharaonic circumcision ) stands for the removal of all or part of the external genitalia, which is still practiced in some cultures today, with subsequent narrowing of the vaginal opening : After removal of the clitoris and small labia as well as the inside of the large labia, the Wound edges, for example, sewn with silk or animal intestines or stapled with thorns. When the remaining skin of the labia majora heals, a bridge of scar tissue forms over the vaginal opening. Inserting a foreign body creates a small opening for urine and menstrual blood to drain . During the first sexual intercourse, the infibulation must U. partially and fully opened to give birth to a child ( defibulation ). After births outside of hospitals there is almost always, sometimes in clinics, re-infibulation - the vaginal opening is closed again.
literature
- D. Schultheiss, J. Mattelaer, F. Hodges: Preputial infibulation: from ancient medicine to modern genital piercing. In: BJU International , 2003, 92: pp. 758-763, doi : 10.1046 / j.1464-410X.2003.04490.x
References and comments
- ^ According to Pschyrembel Clinical Dictionary . 261st edition, 2007, Lemma Infibulation
- ↑ Basic definition of current German-language medical specialist dictionaries
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^ Günter Thiele (ed.): Handlexikon der Medizin. 1980, Volume 1 A – K, Lemma Infibulation and
Roche Lexicon Medicine. 5th edition, 2003, Lemma Infibulation - ^ Sentence from Pschyrembel Clinical Dictionary. 261st edition, 2007, Lemma Infibulation
- ↑ Cf. Günter Thiele (Ed.): Handlexikon der Medizin, 1980, 1. Volume A – K, Lemma Infibulation and Zetkin-Schaldach (Ed.): Dictionary of Medicine , VEB Verlag Volk und Gesundheit, Berlin 1978, Lemma Infibulation
- ↑ Christine Binder-Fritz, Christian Dadak (ed.): The female genital mutilation from an ethnomedical point of view - 1. Background and definition. In: sexuality, reproduction, pregnancy, childbirth. 2nd edition, p. 273; Facultas Verlag, 2009. ISBN 3-7089-0535-0 full text
- ↑ Infibulation In: Brockhaus Enzyklopädie 2002 digital
- ↑ Anna Kölling: Female Genital Mutilation in Discourse: Exemplary analyzes of manifestations, patterns of justification and fighting strategies , 1st edition, p. 14, LIT Verlag Berlin-Hamburg-Münster, 2008. ISBN 978-3-8258-1821-0 full text
- ↑ Rebecca J. Cooka and Bernard M. Dickens: Special commentary on the issue of reinfibulation. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 109, May 2, 2010, pp. 281-287.