Intermediality

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In cultural , media studies and journalism, intermediality refers to the investigation of the relationships between media , in particular the possibilities of aesthetic couplings or breaks. Intermedial relationships can exist within and between the traditional craft arts, the analogue technical-apparatus and digital media ( new media ).

The term can also describe the targeted change of media or the simultaneity of different forms of expression, e.g. B. Image and sound, language and music, new media and theater.

history

The Fluxus Artists Dick Higgins coined the mid-1960s with Intermedia a term to describe the artistic confrontation between electronic media , art and pop culture to describe. Higgins' aim is to transcend the boundaries of recognized media and to merge the boundaries of previous art forms using media that were not previously considered an art form.

"Part of the reason that Duchamp's objects are fascinating while Picasso's voice is fading is that the Duchamp pieces are truly between media, between sculpture and something else, while a Picasso is readily classifiable as a painted ornament. Similarly, by invading the land between collage and photography, the German John Heartfield produced the what are probably the greatest graphics of our century. "

- Higgins, Intermedia, 1966

Media studies

In media studies, intermediality primarily means the realization of media conventions of one or more media in another.

Werner Wolf's highly differentiated categorization of intermediality is based on the following characteristics:

  • the media involved ( literature and visual arts, e.g. in literary picture quotations )
  • the dominance : In the combination of film and music, film usually dominates as a visual medium. In the art song, on the other hand, lyric poetry and music are to some extent "equal".
  • of quantity : there is partial intermediality in a drama with couplets , but total in operas .
  • of genesis : Primary intermediality results from the type of work itself (image and text in comics ), secondary is created afterwards ( film adaptation of literature ).
  • of quality : Manifest intermediality is present when all media involved remain visible on the surface (e.g. literature and music in the case of the song); hidden intermediality requires the change of a content / structure from the original medium to a new one, e.g. . B. in the case of a biblical motif in painting or the selection and focus of content primarily through secondary media (so-called metamedia ).

This last-mentioned, covert intermediality confronts interpreters with the problem that the source of the adopted content must be known in order to identify the quotation; Paratexts often provide a remedy here (work title, for example, cf. Thomas de Quincey's text “Dream Fugue” from 1849).

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christian Kresse: " Intermediality in Avatar, eXistenZ and The Neverending Story ", ck-production.de (archive link) of April 7, 2011.
  2. ^ Dick Higgins, Intermedia, Something Else Newsletter 1, 1966.
  3. ↑ Werner Wolf: Intermedialität, in: Nünning, Ansgar (ed.) Metzler Lexikon Literatur und Kulturtheorie, Stuttgart 2004, p. 327f.

literature

  • Renate Buschmann, Jochen Goetze, Klaus Staeck : Anarchy Revolte Spektakel. The art festival "intermedia '69". Steidl, 2009, ISBN 978-3-86521-980-0 .
  • Thomas Eicher, Ulf Bleckmann (ed.): Intermedialität. From image to text. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 1994, ISBN 3-89528-105-0 .
  • Jörn Glasenapp : light / writing. Intermedial border crossings between photography and text . Special issue of the magazine Fotogeschichte, vol. 28 (2008), H. 108.
  • Jörg Helbig (ed.): Intermediality. Theory and practice of an interdisciplinary research area. Erich Schmidt, Berlin 1998. ISBN 3-503-03782-9 .
  • Herbert Kapfer / Peter Weibel (eds.): Intermedium 2. Identities in the 21st century. BR radio play and media art / ZKM. Munich, Karlsruhe 2002. ISBN 3-934847-02-1 .
  • Urs Meyer, Roberto Simanowski, Christoph Zeller (Eds.): Transmedialität. On the aesthetics of paraliterary procedures. Göttingen: Wallstein 2006, ISBN 3-8353-0087-3 .
  • Irina O. Rajewsky: Intermediality . UTB 2261 / Franke, Tübingen / Basel 2002, ISBN 3-8252-2261-6 (UTB) / ISBN 3-7720-2976-0 (Francke).
  • Sigrid Schade, Georg Christoph Tholen (Ed.): Configurations. Between art and media. Wilhelm Fink, Munich 1999. ISBN 3-7705-3348-8 .
  • Meinolf Schumacher : Painted heavenly joys in the Last Judgment. On the intermediality of the last things in Heinrich von Neustadt , in: Aesthetic Transgressions. Festschrift for Ulrich Ernst , ed. by Michael Scheffel u. a. Trier 2006, ISBN 3-88476-792-5 , pp. 55-80.
  • Klaus Staeck (Ed.): Intermedia '69. edition tangente, Heidelberg 1969.
  • Werner Wolf: Intermedialität , in: Ansgar Nünning (Ed.): Metzler Lexikon Literatur und Kulturtheorie , Metzler, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-476-01889-X .
  • Alfrun Kliems (ed.): Poetry of the 20th century in East-Central Europe . Volume 3: Intermediality (= literary studies , volume 11). Frank & Timme, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-86596-022-1 .
  • Joachim Paech, Jens Schröter (Ed.): Intermediality analog / digital. Theories - Methods - Analyzes . Fink, Paderborn 2008, ISBN 978-3-7705-4374-8 .

Web links