Jan Veizer

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ján Veizer (* 1941 in Slovakia ) is professor emeritus for geosciences at the University of Ottawa. He also worked at the Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics at the Bochum Ruhr University . Until 2004 he held the NSERC / Noranda / CIFAR industrial chair in geosystem isotope and environmental geochemistry. He was honored as an isotope geochemist. His research focus was the application of chemical and isotope techniques to determine the history of the earth's climate and other environmental conditions.

Veizer received the Killam Award in 1986, the WW Hutchison Medal in 1987 for young researchers who had made extraordinary advances in Canadian geosciences, the Willet G. Miller Medal in 1991 for extraordinary contributions to geology, and the 1992 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize , the is endowed with EUR 1.55 million for research into the geochemistry of sediments, in 1995 the Logan Medal, which is the highest honor of the Geological Association of Canada, and in 2000 the Bancroft Award for contributions to popularizing geoscientific questions.

During his career, Veizer has collected more than 4,500 measurements of oxygen isotopes in calcite and aragonite clams in order to compile climate and sediment data for the entire Phanerozoic , based on the surface temperatures of the tropical sea.

Controversy over the influence of cosmic rays on climate change

Together with other scientists, Veizer compared the reconstructed historical sea water temperatures of the past 545 million years with the variability of cosmic rays reaching the earth and the historical CO 2 concentrations in the earth's atmosphere.

According to a carefully worded article in Nature in 2000, which he co- authored with Yves Godderis and Louis M. François , the results can be reconciled if the CO 2 concentration in the earth's atmosphere is not the main driver of climate change in geologically relevant time periods are, at least for a third of the Phanerozoic period, unless the reconstructed CO 2 concentrations are not reliable.

In 2003 Veizer published an article in the journal Geological Society of America together with the Israeli astrophysicist Nir J. Shaviv . In it, Veizer affirms a reduced (capped) influence of CO 2 on climate change and ascribes greater importance to cosmic radiation . Although the mechanism is not yet fully understood, the empirical data showed appropriate agreement. The article was sharply criticized , among others by representatives of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research .

Veizer and Shaviv emphasized the applicability of their research to today's climate, as well as their respect for researchers who are on the line of the IPCC . Veizer and Shaviv received a value of 1.5 ° C as the value for the climate sensitivity ; the IPCC, on the other hand, believes values ​​between 2 and 4.5 ° are likely, with a best estimate of 3 °.

Selected publications

  • Ján Veizer and Jochen Hoefs : The nature of O 18 / O 16 and C 13 / C 12 secular trends in sedimentary carbonate rocks . In: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta . tape 40 , no. November 11 , 1976, p. 1387-1395 , doi : 10.1016 / 0016-7037 (76) 90129-0 .
  • J. Veizer and SL Jansen: Basement and sedimentary recycling and continental evolution . In: Journal of Geology . tape 87 , 1979, pp. 341-370 .
  • Uwe Brand and Ján Veizer: Chemical diagenesis of a multicomponent carbonate system; 1, trace elements . In: Journal of Sedimentary Research . tape 50 , no. 4 , December 1980, pp. 1219-1236 , doi : 10.1306 / 212F7BB7-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D .
  • Ján Veizer: Trace elements and isotopes in sedimentary carbonates . In: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry . tape 11 , no. 1 , January 1983, p. 265-299 .
  • Ján Veizer et al .: 87 Sr / 86 Sr, δ 13 C and δ 18 O evolution of Phanerozoic seawater . In: Chemical Geology . tape 161 , September 30, 1999, pp. 59-88 , doi : 10.1016 / S0009-2541 (99) 00081-9 .
  • Ján Veizer, Yves Godderis and Louis M. François: Evidence for decoupling of atmospheric CO 2 and global climate during the Phanerozoic eon . In: Nature . tape 408 , December 7, 2000, pp. 698-701 , doi : 10.1038 / 35047044 .
  • Ján Veizer: Celestial Climate Driver: A Perspective from Four Billion Years of the Carbon Cycle . In: Geoscience Canada . tape 32 , no. 1 , 2005 ( unb.ca ).
  • K. Scherer et al .: Interstellar-Terrestrial Relations: Variable Cosmic Environments, The Dynamic Heliosphere, and Their Imprints on Terrestrial Archives and Climate . In: Space Science Reviews . tape 127 , no. 1-4 , December 2006, pp. 327-465 , doi : 10.1007 / s11214-006-9126-6 .
  • Ján Veizer and Paul R. Ferguson: Coupling of water and carbon fluxes via the terrestrial biosphere and its significance to the Earth's climate system . In: Journal Geophysical Research - Atmospheres . tape 112 , D24, December 20, 2007, doi : 10.1029 / 2007JD008431 .
  • Christoph Korte, Peter J. Jones, Uwe Brand, Dorothee Mertmann and Ján Veizer: Oxygen isotope values ​​from high-latitudes: Clues for Permian sea-surface temperature gradients and Late Palaeozoic deglaciation . In: Palaeogeography, Paleoclimatology, Palaeoecology . tape 269 , no. 1–2 , November 4, 2008, pp. 1–16 , doi : 10.1016 / j.palaeo.2008.06.012 .
  • Nir J. Shaviv , Ján Veizer: Celestial driver of Phanerozoic climate? In: GSA Today . tape 13 , no. 7 , 2003, p. 1-16 , doi : 10.1130 / 1052-5173 (2003) 013 <0004: CDOPC> 2.0.CO; 2 ( phys.huji.ac.il [PDF; 466 kB ]).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.nserc.ca/partners/profile_detail_e.asp?pid=160
  2. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of October 2, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ http://www.scotese.com/climate.htm
  4. ↑ Ján Veizer, Yves Godderis and Louis M. François: Evidence for decoupling of atmospheric CO 2 and global climate during the Phanerozoic eon . In: Nature . Volume 408, December 7, 2000, pp. 698-701 doi: 10.1038 / 35047044
  5. ↑ Nir J. Shaviv and Ján Veizer: Celestial driver of Phanerozoic climate? In: Geological Society of America . Volume 13, No. 7, July 2003, pp. 4–10, (PDF)
  6. ↑ Overview of the discussion between Veizer and Shaviv and the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Veizer, Jan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Veizer, Ján
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Canadian geoscientist and climatologist
DATE OF BIRTH 1941
PLACE OF BIRTH Slovakia