Johann Adolf Langwerth from Simmern

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Johann Adolf Langwerth von Simmern (born March 30, 1643 in Hattenheim , † June 14, 1700 in Ober-Flörsheim ) was Commander of the Teutonic Order , Colonel in the service of Elector Mainz and, most recently, Commander of the Erfurt Fortress .

origin

His parents were Hans Georg Langwerth von Simmern (1601–1644) and Maria Philippa von Groroth († 1672). Johann Adolf was the youngest of five children.

Life

After the early death of his father, he was raised by his mother and the court marshals . He was supposed to become a lawyer and was therefore sent to the University of Tübingen in 1662 . However, he did not like studying.

So he went into Nassau service in 1664. He came as an ensign in the infantry regiment of the Upper Rhine district troops under Gustav Adolf von Nassau-Idstein . In June 1664 the troops moved to Hungary to fight the Turks. He took part in the battle of Mogersdorf , where Gustav Adolf was killed. After the battle the war was decided and the troops returned. At the end of 1665 he went to the service of the Elector of Mainz Johann Philipp von Schönborn . He sent a regiment to the Bishop of Münster Christoph Bernhard von Galen to support him in the attempt to conquer Borkeloh during the Anglo-Dutch War . Johann Adolf did not take part in any major combat operations with the poorly paid regiment. In 1671 he is back in Hattenheim.

The next Anglo-Dutch War broke out as early as 1672 , in which France now also takes part. The Bishop of Münster had promised 10,000 men and so the troops that had just been signed off will be recruited again. He took part in the sieges of Coevorden and Groningen . The Dutch had a good defense, however, and so the bishop ultimately had to return his conquests in the peace of Westminster . Johann Adolf then came into service in Mainz (from 1679 a second cousin Anselm Franz von Ingelheim was elector there) and was transferred to the Erfurt Dragoons Regiment. He was promoted to major and appointed in command of Mainz fortress. During this time he converted to Catholicism.

In 1684, he sought acceptance into the Teutonic Order . He was Komtur der Kommende Felsheim, but had to pay a substantial fee for it. In 1688 he received the Kommende Ober-Flörsheim in the Palatinate. In the same year the War of the Palatinate Succession began and Johann Adolf was now commander of the Dragoons regiment von der Leyen . The Elector did not want to defend the city of Mainz, but handed it over to the French without a fight. The Mainz troops returned to Höchst and Königstein . In the following year, Mainz was surrounded and recaptured by the Imperial Army. In the meantime, the commandant of the Erfurt Fortress, Johann Theodor Mortaigne, had resigned and in 1690 Johann Adolf was transferred there, which he regarded as a resignation. After the Peace of Rijswijk , he left the Mainz service in 1697 and went to Ober-Flörsheim, which had suffered greatly from the war. He died there in 1700 and was buried in the Gundersheim church, where his grave slab still exists.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Owner of Kromsdorf Castle and son of Kaspar Kornelius Mortaigne de Potelles
  2. ^ Bernhard von Poten: Concise dictionary of the total military sciences . tape 6 , p. 152 ( archive.org ).
  3. ↑ Entry on www.regionalgeschichte.net
personal data
SURNAME Langwerth von Simmern, Johann Adolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Commander of the Teutonic Order, colonel in the service of Kurmainzer and finally in command of the Erfurt Fortress
DATE OF BIRTH March 30, 1643
PLACE OF BIRTH Hattenheim
DATE OF DEATH June 14, 1700
Place of death Ober-Flörsheim