Johann Nepomuk Amann

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Johann Nepomuk Amann (born May 19, 1765 in Gutenburg, today a district of Waldshut-Tiengen ; † November 28, 1834 in Vienna ) was an Austro-German architect, Viennese court architect and a leading representative of "civil servant architecture".

Life

Johann Nepomuk Amann was born in 1765 in the hamlet of Gutenburg near Gurtweil , the son of Johann Baptist Amann, the carpenter of the abbot of St. Blasien , and his wife Maria Anna Stiegler . Amann received instruction in drawing and engraving at an early age and earned the benevolence of Abbot Martin Gerbert , for whose Historia Nigrae Silvae he engraved illustrations in 1786. From 1789 to 1791 the abbot made it possible for him to study at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna . From 1791 to 1792 Ammann was an intern at the imperial and royal camera and state building authorities in Freiburg im Breisgau . After the death of Abbot Gerbert, his successor Mauritius Ribbele (1740–1801) appointed him building inspector of the monastery and the imperial countership and initially sent him from 1793 to 1795 on a study trip to Italy .

After the death of his first wife in childbed and the loss of the child, Amann visited Vienna in 1796, Count Joseph Deym Baron von Střítež (1752–1804). Amann had already met the count on his study trip to Italy. After a duel affair, Count Deym used the real name Müller at times and was therefore referred to as Hofstatuarius Müller or Hofstatuarius Müller-Deym. The music-obsessed Count Deym made a name for himself as a wax figure sculptor. He is also said to have made the death mask of his protégé Mozart . In 1798 Johann Nepomuk Amann built Palais Deym with an integrated gallery for the count. The "Galerie des Hofstatuarius Müller" was the first public art, wax figure and music automaton cabinet in Vienna. Count Deym helped Ammann to find a perspective in the emerging secularization of the St. Blasien monastery in Vienna.

His first state commissioned work was the classicistic redesign of the choir of the church at the court (garrison church since 1782), including the installation of a coffered semicircular barrel and apse dome, in 1798. This was when Emperor Franz II became aware of Amann. He appointed him Unterhof architect and in 1803 entrusted him with the renovation of the Hofburg . In 1812 he was promoted to First Court Architect. Amann subsequently also worked for private and church builders. The building of the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna from 1821 to 1823, which today includes the University of Music and Performing Arts , is considered to be his most important independent work . Amann is regarded as an outstanding representative of the so-called civil service architecture, which is characterized by sober cubic forms with minimalized jewelry in the public order - under the dictate of thrift.

After the death of the third wife, Amann fell into depression in 1832 . He died on November 28, 1834 of a progressive brain disease in Vienna at the age of 69. Four of his eleven children reached adulthood.

Works (selection)

The chancel designed by Amann in the Kirche am Hof ​​in Vienna (1798)
  • 1786 illustrations for Martin Gerbert's Historia Nigrae Silvae
  • 1797–1798 Palais Deym with the so-called art gallery of Hofstatuarius Müller , Vienna (demolished in 1889)
  • 1798 Reconstruction of the choir and altar of the Kirche am Hof in Vienna in the classical style
  • 1808–1812 German Theater in Budapest-Pest (destroyed in 1848)
  • 1821–1823 University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna
  • 1824–1825 Classicist extension of the Capuchin Crypt in Vienna ( Franzen Crypt ) and sarcophagus for Josef II.
  • 1827 Reconstruction of the interior of the Hofkirche (today Frauenkirche) in Baden near Vienna: high altar, side galleries

literature

Web links

Commons : Johann Nepomuk Amann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rudolf Morath: Peter Mayer, Alber, 1983, p. 90, note 97
  2. ↑ Palais Deym
  3. ^ Margret Kaufmann: The Marian wall coverings of the Am Hof ​​church in the context of Jesuit piety. Diploma thesis, University of Vienna, Vienna 2012.
personal data
SURNAME Amann, Johann Nepomuk
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Amann, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian architect
DATE OF BIRTH May 19, 1765
PLACE OF BIRTH Waldshut-Tiengen
DATE OF DEATH November 28, 1834
Place of death Vienna