Juchnow

city Juchnow Юхнов coat of arms Federal district Central Russia Oblast Kaluga Rajon Juchnow head Elena Muchalova First mention 1410 City since 1777 surface 5  km² population 7056 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 1411 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 150  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 48436 Post Code 249910, 249911 License Plate 40 OKATO 29 250 501 Geographical location Coordinates 54 ° 45 '  N , 35 ° 14'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 45 '0 "  N , 35 ° 14' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Kaluga Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Juchnow ( Russian Ю́хнов ) is a small town with 7056 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) and a Rajon center in Russia , in the Kaluga Oblast . It is located about 150 km southwest of Moscow and 85 km northwest of the regional capital Kaluga , on the right bank of the Ugra River . The closest city is Mosalsk, 33 km away .

history

A post office in Juchnow

Juchnow (according to a legend, the name is derived from the first settler Juchna) was first mentioned in 1410 as the location of an Orthodox male monastery. The monastery later served as a fortress for a while, as it was on the southern borders of the Grand Duchy of Moscow . During the Polish-Russian War in 1611, the fortress could not withstand an attack by the invaders and was devastated. The monastery could be rebuilt by 1633. It was rebuilt from stone in the 18th century.

Soviet reconnaissance troop in Juchnow in April 1942

In 1777 Juchnow was given city rights as part of a regional reform. From 1796 to 1922 the city belonged to the Smolensk Governorate and was primarily a trading town. In 1921 Juchnow was considerably destroyed by a major fire and had to be rebuilt afterwards. During this time, the first industrial companies were established there.

From September 1939 to July 1941, a camp for Polish prisoners of war, managed by the NKVD secret police, was located in the city area, who had come into Soviet hands after the Red Army marched into eastern Poland on September 17 as a result of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact . In May 1940, Polish officers from the NKVD special camps in Koselsk , Ostashkow and Starobelsk came to the camp and were brought to Moscow as informants who were willing to collaborate or as military experts. In this way, they avoided the Katyn massacre and the parallel mass executions in Kharkov and Kalinin . Due to the major fire and damage during the fighting in World War II , only a few historical buildings have survived in Juchnow.

Population development

year	Residents
1897	2249
1926	2032
1939	3769
1959	4083
1970	5193
1979	7178
1989	6059
2002	7692
2010	7056

Note: census data

economy

Juchnow, located on the A101 trunk road and near the Kaluga – Vyazma railway line , has little industry, which is largely limited to food, wood and light industries. The Juchnow Rajon is still characterized by agriculture today.

sons and daughters of the town

• Dmitri Faddejew (1907–1989), mathematician
• Mikhail Janschin (1902–1976), actor, people 's artist of the USSR
• Valentin Koptjug (1931–1997), scientist

Web links

Commons : Juchnow  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Unofficial website (Russian)
• Juchnow on mojgorod.ru (Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Kozel'skij i Juchnovskij lagerja NKVD dlja pol'skich voennoplennych 1939-1941 gg. ( Memento of the original from August 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Vestnik Katynskogo Memoriala, 6 (2007).