Julius Stein

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Julius Stein (born July 12, 1813 in Naumburg an der Saale , † July 30, 1889 in Breslau ) was a German left-liberal and democratic journalist and politician.

Julius Stein

Life

Stone, son of Naumburg Knopfmacher Master, attended from 1826 to 1833, the Naumburg Domgymnasium, studied from 1833 to 1837 in Leipzig and Wroclaw philology and was established in February 1838 with a historical dissertation in Wroclaw for Dr. phil. PhD . During his studies in 1833 he became a member of the Old Leipzig Burschenschaft and in 1837 a member of the Old Breslau Burschenschaft of the Raczeks . He then worked from 1838 until his impeachment in 1849 or when he was expelled from school in 1854 as a full teacher in the Breslau Higher Civic School, Realschule am Zwinger. In 1842 he took up the fight against the Prussian reaction system as a liberal with articles critical of the government in the Schlesische Zeitung , called for freedom of the press, publicity and oral proceedings as well as the introduction of a constitution and an elected parliament. In the second half of the forties, he also dealt with the social question, was active in the Wroclaw Urban Resource founded in 1845 and increasingly approached democratic positions before the revolution.

During the revolution of 1848/49 he was a leader in the Silesian democracy and was a member of the Prussian National Assembly , where he belonged to the determined left, and the Second Prussian Chamber of 1849. After the acts of military violence in Schweidnitz , Stein was left by a delegation from the city asked to address the military excesses in the National Assembly. On August 9, 1848, Stein submitted the application named after him, Stein. This consisted of three points: 1. The Ministry of War should instruct the officers to stay away from all reactionary endeavors, to avoid all conflicts with the citizens and, united with them, to strive for order and freedom of the country. 2. An investigative commission of the National Assembly should investigate the occurrences. 3. The units involved should be withdrawn from the city. The proposal was accepted with a large majority and in some cases was tightened. After a renewed demand by the Prussian National Assembly on September 7th to implement its resolution, it led to the overthrow of the cabinet around Rudolf von Auerswald and David Hansemann because the government refused to issue the decree. The following cabinet under Ernst von Pfuel carried out the decision.

In the dispute between the Berlin Parliament and the Brandenburg Ministry in November 1848, Stein was one of the tax refusers. After the dissolution of the National Assembly and the new elections, Stein became a member of the second chamber of the Prussian state parliament in February 1849 , where he belonged to the extreme left. In spring 1849 there were protests against counter-revolutionary developments in Breslau as part of the imperial constitution campaign . Stein also spoke at a large popular assembly at the beginning of May and asked the magistrate to speak out in favor of the imperial constitution. The use of the military led to barricade fighting in the city on May 6 and 7, 1849. Accused of intellectual inducement to riot, Stein was acquitted in the so-called May Trial of 1850 against the participants in the Wroclaw May uprising, but was immediately suspended in 1849 because of his democratic views and activities and dismissed from school in 1854. From then on he earned a living for his large family as a tutor and owner of a paper shop, but at the same time, and above all as a journalist, continued to work politically. In the early 1850s he was editor and co-editor of the democratic Neue Oder-Zeitung , which had to stop its publication at the end of 1855. In 1858 he became an employee of the Breslauer Zeitung and rose to editor-in-chief in 1862, which he remained until October 1885. At that time the newspaper was the most important paper in the city. For a long time it also remained central to local left-wing liberal political party politics.

From the 1860s onwards, Stein became one of the most important exponents of left-wing liberalism in Silesia until Otto von Bismarck's time . He belonged to the Progressive Party and was a member of the Wroclaw City Council from 1861 to 1879. He was "one of the most capable political writers and editors of the Progressive Party and for years one of its first leaders in Wroclaw". Together with Moritz Elsner , he tried to prevent the political split in the liberal-democratic camp. Both founded a national democratic association. Until his death he was a symbol of the bourgeois left. "Until 1880 he belonged to the leaders of the liberal party, actually more to the left wing of the National Liberals - National Democrats - than to the Progressive Party (Richter's line)." In his last years he was heavily involved in the German-free-thinking party and was a member of the executive committee their Wroclaw electoral association.

Works

  • History of the city of Wroclaw in the nineteenth century . Wroclaw, 1884

literature

  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 5: R – S. Winter, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8253-1256-9 , pp. 492-495.
  • Manfred Hettling: Political Bourgeoisie. The citizen between individuality and socialization in Germany and Switzerland from 1860 to 1918 . Göttingen, 1999. p. 100 digitized
  • Karl Marx / Friedrich Engels: Correspondence, January 1849 to December 1850: Correspondence, January 1849 to December 1850 Berlin 1981 digitized
  • Walter Schmidt : Julius Stein - politician and journalist from Naumburg . In: Saale-Unstrut-Jahrbuch 14, 2009, pp. 77-89.
  • Walter Schmidt: Julius Stein (1813-1889) - A Naumburg in political Silesia in the 19th century . In: Saale-Unstrut-Jahrbuch 15, 2010, pp. 45–55.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 5: R – S. Winter, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8253-1256-9 , p. 492.
  2. ↑ Eckhard Trox: Military Conservatism: Warrior Associations and Military Party in Prussia between 1815 and 1848/49 1990, p. 266 digitized
  3. ↑ a b Obituary in: Schlesische Volkszeitung from July 31, 1889
  4. ↑ Jörg Requate: Journalism as a Profession: Origin and Development of the Journalism Profession in the 19th Century. Göttingen, 1995. p. 302 digitized
personal data
SURNAME Stein, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German, left-liberal journalist and politician
DATE OF BIRTH July 12, 1813
PLACE OF BIRTH Naumburg (Saale)
DATE OF DEATH July 30, 1889
Place of death Wroclaw