Kalisz

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Kalisz
Kalisz coat of arms
Kalisz (Poland)
Kalisz (51 ° 46 ′ 0 ″ N, 18 ° 5 ′ 0 ″ E)
Kalisz
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Greater Poland
Powiat : District-free city
Area : 69.42  km²
Geographical location : 51 ° 46 '  N , 18 ° 5'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 46 '0 "  N , 18 ° 5' 0"  E
Height : 144 m npm
Residents : 100,482
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 62-800 to 62-821
Telephone code : (+48) 62
License plate : PK
Economy and Transport
Street : Poznan - Łódź
Bydgoszcz - Wroclaw
Rail route : Łódź – Ostrów Wielkopolski
Next international airport : Łódź
Poznań-Ławica
Gmina
Gminatype: Borough
Surface: 69.42 km²
Residents: 100,482
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 1447 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 3061011
Administration (as of 2018)
Mayor : Krystian Kinastowski
Address: Główny Rynek 20
62-800 Kalisz
Web presence : www.kalisz.pl



Audio file / audio sample Kalisz ? / i [ ˈkaliʃ ],German Kalisch, is aPolishdistrict town in theGreater Poland Voivodeship- about 100 km from the cities ofWroclaw,PoznanandŁódź, on theProsna. Due to the very early written mention (150 AD) Kalisz can boast of being one of the oldest documented cities inPoland. There is economic importance in the areas of thetextile industry,mechanical engineeringand the manufacture ofmusical instruments. Kalisz is the seat of threeuniversitiesand abishopric.

City structure

The city is the administrative seat of Powiat Kaliski .

Incorporations

In 2000 the villages Dobrzec and Sulisławice were incorporated.

City coat of arms

The coat of arms of Kalisz consists of a two-tower castle, over the gate of which a Polish-clad guard pushes the horn, surrounded by four stars. Three bulrushes sprout from each of the battlements of the towers. Colors red in silver.

history

Town hall in September 1835 during the " Great Kalisch Revue "
town hall

Kalisz is mentioned as Calisia , a place of the Germanic Diduni (Vandals) by the Alexandrian geographer Claudius Ptolemy around the year 150 AD, making it one of the first documented cities on the territory of today's Poland. From 1193 Kalisz was the capital of a Piast duchy that was converted into a voivodeship in 1305. Statut kaliski (German: Statut von Kalisch ) was a letter of protection for Jews issued by Duke Bolesław the Pious (Polish: Bolesław Pobożny, 1224 / 27–1279) on September 8, 1264 in Kalisz.

After the second partition of Poland , Kalisch belonged to Prussia from 1793 to 1807 . During this time the city was the capital of the Kalisch Chamber of Commerce in the Prussian province of South Prussia . After that, the city belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw and from 1815 to Congress Poland . On February 28, 1813, the federal treaty between Prussia and Russia was signed in Kalisz, which led to the Wars of Liberation . In September 1835, the Kalisz Great Revue took place here with over 60,000 participants.

After 1815 Kalisz developed into an industrial city with many textile, glove, stocking and lace factories. Kalischer peaks were world famous. Jewish merchants contributed to this development; in the 1890s the Jewish population was around 38 percent.

In August 1914, the city was largely destroyed by German artillery bombardment (see Destruction of Kalisz ) and then partly rebuilt in a traditional and partly in a modern style.

In 1918, after 123 years, Kalisz became part of a Polish state again after it was rebuilt. From 1939 to 1945, Kalisch was part of the German Reichsgau Wartheland as the urban district and seat of the district administrator for the district of the same name . On January 23, 1945, Kalisch was captured by the Soviet army , almost undestroyed . From 1975 to 1998 Kalisz was the capital of the Kalisz Voivodeship , which also included parts of Lower Silesia .

Religions

Kalisz has been the seat of a Catholic diocese since 1992 . Since 1793 there has also been a congregation of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland in the city, which today has around 300 members. There is also a Polish Orthodox congregation (around 50 members) and a Baptist congregation. The city's Jews were deported by the German occupiers in 1940.

politics

Mayor of the City

The city president presides over the city council and is also head of administration. Since 2014, this has been Grzegorz Sapiński, who had previously been a member of the PO but had been expelled from the party in the run-up to the 2014 municipal elections . He was then elected as an independent candidate. In the regular new election in October 2018, he ran again for his own election committee. The result of the election was as follows:

  • Krystian Kinastowski (Independent bloc "Wszystko i Samorządny zgodnie dla Kalisza") 21.3% of the vote
  • Dariusz Grodziński ( Koalicja Obywatelska ) 20.0% of the vote
  • Piotr Kaleta ( Prawo i Sprawiedliwość ) 18.8% of the vote
  • Karolina Pawliczak ( Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej / Lewica Razem ) 16.8% of the vote
  • Zbigniew Maj (Here and Now Election Committee) 9.4% of the vote
  • Grzegorz Sapiński (Electoral Committee “Grzegorz Sapiński - Independent”) 8.1% of the vote
  • Piotr Kościelny (Election Committee Piotr Kościelny) 3.8% of the vote
  • Jerzy Kozłowski ( Kukiz'15 ) 1.8% of the vote

In the run-off election, which the previous incumbent Sapiński had clearly missed as the sixth-placed candidate, Kinastowski clearly prevailed against the KO candidate Grodziński with 63.5% of the vote and became the new mayor.

City council

The city council has 23 members. The election in October 2018 led to the following result:

  • Koalicja Obywatelska (KO) 23.8% of the vote, 8 seats
  • Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS) 21.1% of the vote, 7 seats
  • Independent bloc "Wszystko i Samorządny zgodnie dla Kalisza" 20.4% of the vote, 5 seats
  • Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej (SLD) / Lewica Razem (Razem) 14.5% of the vote, 3 seats
  • Election Committee “Grzegorz Sapiński - Independent” 5.9% of the vote, no seat
  • Election Committee “Here and Now” 5.4% of the vote, no seat
  • Election Committee Piotr Kościelny 5.1% of the vote, no seat
  • Kukiz'15 3.7% of the vote, no seat

economy

The city's economic life is dominated by industry. The predominant sectors are the textile industry , which was already known beyond Poland in the 19th century, the food and beverage industry, as well as the aviation and metal industries .

traffic

The long-distance train station Kalisz is located on the Łódź – Forst (Lausitz) railway line ; the Kalisz – Turek narrow-gauge railway is partly a museum railway.

The urban bus company KLA transports a total of 19 million passengers per year with its newly acquired buses on 16 inner-city and twelve suburban routes. As the city with the highest density of cars in Poland, Kalisz suffers from a lack of parking spaces, which should be alleviated by introducing parking space management.

Public facilities

Educational institutions

In addition to twelve vocational schools and 24 technical schools, there are three universities with a total of 5500 students.

Town twinning

Culture and sights

Archaeological reserve

  • Partially reconstructed ramparts of a Piast castle (?) In the Zawodzie district from around 827 - 854
  • Remains of the ramparts (after 874) of a castle complex in the Ogrody district with adjoining traces of settlement from the 7th to 11th centuries

theatre

  • Wojciech Bogusławski Theater

Museums

  • The district museum

Buildings

  • Franciscan Church of St. Stanislaus (13th-18th century Gothic, Baroque furnishings )
  • Garrison Church (former Jesuit, later Protestant church, 17th / 18th century, baroque)
  • Cathedral of St. Nicholas (Gothic-Neo-Gothic, Baroque furnishings , an interesting Art Nouveau chapel , 13th-19th centuries)
  • Municipal parish church of St. Joseph , (17th - 18th century Baroque)
  • Jesuit Church (former St. Bernard) for the Annunciation (18th century, Baroque)
  • Nazareth Church of Saints Joseph and Saint Peter of Alcantara (18th century, Rococo)
  • Cadet House

graveyards

  • Evangelical cemetery (from 17th century). There we meet all the names of the industrialists whose names appear in the history of the town of Kalisz (19th century).
  • Russian Orthodox cemetery (from the 18th century)
  • Jewish cemetery ( Widok district ). The only remaining small Jewish cemetery (19th century) in today's city. The oldest, not far from the city center, with some medieval graves, was destroyed by the Nazis around 1940.
  • Military cemetery (1916). There are also many Germans who were settled in Kalisch from 1939 onwards.
  • Soviet Cemetery of Honor (1946). The large memorial column consists of the granite of the New Reich Chancellery in Berlin.

Surroundings

  • Gołuchów Castle , 20 kilometers northwest of the city. Monumental aristocratic residence with landscaped park and art collections, part of the Poznan National Museum .
  • Station Nowe Skalmierzyce , two kilometers south from the present city limits. Huge neo-Gothic building, erected around 1905, border station of the German Empire until 1918.

Regular events

  • Concerts by the municipal symphony orchestra and the Polifonia student choir


Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities associated with the city

Web links

Commons : Kalisz  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Kalisz  - travel guide

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed on December 24, 2019 .
  2. ↑ "PRZEGLĄD PRASY. Galeria Amber i radny wykluczony z PO ” , on wkaliszu.pl, accessed on August 12, 2020.
  3. ↑ Result on the website of the electoral commission, accessed on August 12, 2020.
  4. ↑ Result on the website of the electoral commission, accessed on August 12, 2020.
  5. ^ Dominik Nowakowski: Medieval twin castles in Poland. edition-topoi.org , p. 246 ff.