Karl Josef Batthyány
Karl Josef Graf, from 1763 Prince von Batthyány (born April 28, 1697 in Rechnitz , Burgenland , then Hungary , † April 15, 1772 in Vienna ) was an Austrian general and field marshal of Hungarian origin.
Life
Károly József Batthyány was born in 1697 as the son of the Hungarian Count Ádám II. Batthyány von Németújvár (1662–1703) in the Rechnitz Castle . After his father's death, his mother, Eleonore Batthyány-Strattmann, took over his guardianship until he came of age. He joined the Austrian army early on and distinguished himself in the war against the Turks under Prince Eugene of Savoy , during which he a. a. took part in the battles near Peterwardein , Timisoara and Belgrade .
In 1734, as general , he commanded imperial troops in the war of the Polish succession to the throne on the Rhine against the French , and in 1737 against the Turks . From 1739 to 1740 he was the Austrian envoy to the Berlin court , but returned to military service after the outbreak of the First Silesian War with Prussia. Here he stood out again. On March 16, 1743 he was appointed Banus of Croatia .
In the War of Austrian Succession , he came back into use and received in 1744 an independent command as a corps commander. He inflicted a heavy defeat on the Palatinate and French under General Ségur in the battle of Pfaffenhofen on April 15, 1745 and drove them over the Lech. Batthyány, promoted to Field Marshal for this success , replaced Field Marshal Arenberg as Commander in Chief of the Pragmatic Army . By marching through the Spessart, he was able to unite his troops with those of Field Marshal Otto Ferdinand von Abensperg and Traun and together with him force the French to retreat across the Rhine.
In 1746 he served under the command of Charles of Lorraine in what is now Belgium and took part in the unfortunate battle of Roucoux , in 1747 he was under the command of the Duke of Cumberland and distinguished himself with an exemplary retreat in the battle of Lauffeldt, which was also lost .
After the end of the war, Maria Theresa appointed him educator, later chief steward of the crown prince and later emperor Joseph II. In 1763 Batthyány was raised to the bohemian prince, a year later also to the imperial prince including the salutation Hochgeboren .
On December 1, 1749 he was accepted into the Order of the Golden Fleece .
Batthyány spent the evening of his life in Vienna, where he died in 1772.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Batthyáni, Karl Joseph Prince of . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 1st part. University book printer L. C. Zamarski (formerly JP Sollinger), Vienna 1856, p. 178 ( digitized version ).
- Wilhelm Edler von Janko : Batthyány, Karl Joseph Graf von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 133 f.
- Batthyány, Count Károly József . In: Biographical Lexicon on the History of Southeast Europe . Volume 1. Munich 1974, p. 159
Individual evidence
- ↑ List nominal des chevaliers de l'ordre de la Toison d'or, depuis son instiution jusqu'à nos jours , in: The House of Austria and the Order of the Golden Fleece. Edited by the Ordenskanzlei. Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz / Stuttgart 2007 ( ISBN 978-3-7020-1172-7 ), pp. 161–198, here p. 183.
Web links
- Entry on Karl Josef Batthyány in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Franz Christoph von Demeradt |
Austrian envoy in Berlin August 3, 1740 to October 5, 1740 |
- |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Batthyány, Karl Josef |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Batthyány, Karl Josef Graf; Batthyány, Karl Josef Fürst (from 1763) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian general and field marshal of Hungarian origin |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 28, 1697 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rechnitz |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 15, 1772 |
| Place of death | Vienna |