Bushehr nuclear power plant

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Bushehr nuclear power plant
Model of the reactor
Model of the reactor
location
Bushehr nuclear power plant (Iran)
Bushehr nuclear power plant
Coordinates 28 ° 49 '44 "  N , 50 ° 53' 14"  E Coordinates: 28 ° 49 '44 "  N , 50 ° 53' 14"  E
Country: IranIran Iran
Data
Owner: Nuclear Power Production & Development Co. of Iran
Operator: Nuclear Power Production & Development Co. of Iran
Project start: 1975, later re-planning in 1995

Active reactors (gross):

1 (1000 MW)

Reactors in planning (gross):

2 (2000 MW)

Planning set (gross):

1 (1000 MW)
Energy fed in in 2012: 1,328,310 GWh
Was standing: Dec 24, 2013
The data source of the respective entries can be found in the documentation .
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The Bushehr nuclear power plant , also Bushehr ( Persian نیروگاه اتمی بوشهر, DMG nirugāh-e atomi-ye Bušehr ), is located in the south of Iran , 17 kilometers south of the city of Bushehr with around 171,000 inhabitants on the Persian Gulf and 760 kilometers south of the capital Tehran . The power plant was originally designed for two pressurized water reactor blocks identical to those of the Biblis nuclear power plant , each of which was designed for around 1,300  MW . Atomstroiexport later took over the construction of the nuclear power plant and changed the plans to initially a VVER-1000/446 . At the beginning of September 2011 it was connected to the national power grid. The power plant mainly supplies the provinces of Bushehr and Fars with electricity.

history

KWU plant under construction, in the 1980s

The power plant was planned back in the 1970s and was to be built by Kraftwerk Union , a joint venture between Siemens AG and AEG . Construction began on May 1, 1975, originally with two pressurized water reactors , as used in the Biblis nuclear power plant . Completion was planned for 1982, with the construction of the security envelope being the responsibility of Fried. Krupp AG should fall. The total cost of the construction was estimated at four to six billion US dollars. Around 5500 Germans lived in the camp belonging to the construction site, around 2800 of them family members. The German school abroad Buschehr, the hospital and a television studio belonged to the infrastructure. There has never been a foreign construction site with these dimensions until now.

However, after the Shah's regime was overthrown in the course of the Islamic Revolution in 1979, construction came to a standstill - at this point in time, block 1 was 85% completed, block 2 50%. Siemens withdrew from the project for several reasons:

The power plant became a ruin; it suffered some damage from Iraqi air strikes during the Iran-Iraq war in 1987 and 1988.

In 1995, Russia agreed to support the project by contract. While the external structure of the original plan was retained, the decision was made to use Russian VVER technology (3rd generation). The construction was now carried out by the company Atomstroiexport , which is subordinate to the Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy ( Minatom ). Especially since 2004, the building has been in the focus of public attention due to the increasing international criticism of the Iranian nuclear program , as there are fears that Iran could use the spent fuel rods of the power plant to produce plutonium . By the beginning of January 2008, more than half of the nuclear fuel required for commissioning should have been delivered by the Russian side. The rest (38 t) was delivered in January 2008. Russia has agreed to dispose of the fuel rods after use in Russia. The first test run of the system with still virtual fuel was carried out in February 2009.

The construction work was completed in August 2010, and on August 21, 2010 the plant was officially opened as the first Iranian nuclear power plant. On October 26, 2010, the reactor began to be loaded with Russian fuel under the supervision of the IAEA . The reactor was originally supposed to be ready for operation in September 2010, but technical problems delayed the introduction of the fuel. The nuclear power plant was supposed to go online at the beginning of 2011, and full output should be achieved within six months. During the one-year guarantee period, the power plant should then be operated by a Russian-Iranian joint venture. The associated protocol was signed on August 21, 2010.

In September 2010, the Iranian communications minister Resa Taghipur stated that around 30,000 computers in Iran were infected by the Stuxnet computer worm , including computers from the Bushehr nuclear power plant. In February 2011, Rosatom announced that one of the four large reactor cooling pumps had suffered damage. Thorough cleaning of metal particles from the reactor required the temporary removal of the fuel assemblies. The reactor first went critical at 11:12 a.m. on May 8, 2011 and was then run at minimum power until the tests were completed. Commercial operations are expected to take place two months later.

Technology and operation

Bushehr nuclear power plant, 2000

According to the Iranian authorities, the nuclear power plant was connected to the national power grid on the night of September 3rd to 4th, 2011. It initially delivered 60 MW of electrical power for test purposes, which should be increased to 400 MW by September 12, 2011. The full capacity of 1000 MW should be achieved in the coming months. At the beginning of May 2012, the nuclear power plant achieved 90% of its output during the planned test runs, but was reduced again to 75%. According to a statement by the Russian press agency Interfax, commercial operation at full capacity was planned for the end of 2012, but should have started as early as July 30, 2012, according to the IAEA .

Earthquake hazard

Due to its location on the Alpidic mountain belt , almost the entire national territory of Iran is a highly seismically active region. Earthquakes also occur time and again in regions near the nuclear power plant.

After an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.1 on April 8, 2013, with 37 dead and 850 injured and the epicenter almost 90 km southeast of the city of Bushehr, no damage was found to the nuclear facility, according to the provincial governor.

On April 19, 2018, another 5.9 magnitude earthquake occurred. The epicenter of the quake was 100 km from Bushehr.

Data of the reactor blocks

The Buschehr nuclear power plant has a completed power plant block, two blocks in planning and one block whose planning has been discontinued:

Reactor block Reactor type Electric net
power 		Electric gross
power 		Thermal
performance 		start of building Network
synchronization 		Commercialization
of essential operation 		switching off
processing
Bushehr-1 WWER-1000/446 915 MW 1,000 MW 3,000 MW 05/01/1975 09/03/2011 July 31, 2012 -
Bushehr-2 WWER-1000/446 915 MW 1,000 MW 3,000 MW 09/10/2016 October 2024 August 2025 -
Bushehr-3 WWER-1000/446 915 MW 1,000 MW 3,000 MW 09/10/2016 April 2026 February 2027 -
Bushehr-4 WWER-1000/446 915 MW 1,000 MW 3,000 MW Planning stopped - - -

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Power Reactor Information System of the IAEA : "Country Details: Iran" (English)
  2. ↑ Russia delivers 7th fuel shipment to Iran nuclear plant
  3. ↑ AP - Russian nuclear fuel shipment reaches Iran , January 20, 2008.
  4. ↑ Iran: First test run in the Buschehr nuclear power plant, focus.de from February 25, 2009
  5. ↑ Spiegel Online: Iran opens its first nuclear power plant , August 21, 2010.
  6. ↑ Die Zeit : Virus-infected reactor should go online in 2011 , October 26, 2010.
  7. ↑ Fuel loading starts at Bushehr 1 (English)
  8. ↑ Iran confirms cyber attack by Stuxnet. In: Heise online . September 26, 2010, accessed September 26, 2010 .
  9. ^ William J. Broad: Russians Say Damaged Cooling Pump Is Cause of Delay in Starting Iranian Reactor , New York Times. February 28, 2011. Retrieved March 1, 2011. 
  10. ^ Bushehr goes critical , World Nuclear News. May 10, 2011. Retrieved May 13, 2011. 
  11. ↑ After numerous delays: Iranisches Akw Bushehr am Stromnetz , Rheinische Post . 4th September 2011. 
  12. ↑ http://www.fr-online.de/politik/umstrittenes-iranisches-atomprogramm-atomkraftwerk-buschehr- geht-teilweise-ans-netz, 1472596,10901822.html ( Memento from November 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  13. ↑ "Бушер" отложен , Bushehr has been postponed , Interfax , May 23, 2012
  14. ↑ Severe earthquake in Iran, orf.at of April 9, 2013  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / iptv.orf.at  
  15. ↑ Earthquake near nuclear power plant in Iran, Die Presse from April 19, 2018
  16. ↑ http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=310
  17. ↑ a b Iran to start building two new nuclear plants on September 10: Salehi , Iran starts building two nuclear power plants, according to Salehi , Press TV
  18. ↑ a b c d Официальный старт проекта АЭС "Бушер-2" в Иране намечен на 10 сентября , the official start of the project Bushehr-2 nuclear power plant set on September 10th , RIA Novosti Novosti

See also

Web links

Commons : Buschehr nuclear power plant  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Plague: Bushehr (Iran)