Kinsky

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Ancestral coat of arms of the Kinsky family

Kinsky von Wchinitz and Tettau (originally Wchinsky , Czech Kinští z Vchynic a Tetova ) is the name of a Bohemian nobility that has been documented since 1237. Branches were raised to the rank of imperial counts in 1628 and 1687 and the rank of Bohemian counts in 1676, and one branch was raised to the rank of imperial prince in 1747 . The family acquired significant property in Bohemia and Moravia, most of which it held until expropriation after 1945 or 1948 and was returned to a lesser extent after 1990. It represented numerous important statesmen in the Kingdom of Bohemia and in the Habsburg Monarchy .

The house of Kinsky is of the same tribe and coat of arms with the extinct knights of Racicky and the barons of Tettau .

history

The family first appeared in a document on May 16, 1237. The first Kinsky known in a document was Heinrich von Vchynic in 1239, donated to the Osek monastery . The brothers Protivec and Vecemil named themselves on March 1, 1307 after the former castle Wchynic (Chynic) in the Leitmeritz district of Wchynic . Teplitz was owned by the family from the 13th century (until 1634) and Opárno Castle from 1344 .

On March 13, 1596, the Bohemian confirmation of the lordship and the union of the name Wchynic and Tettau took place in Prague . The imperial councilor and treasurer Wilhelm Kinsky von Wchinitz and Tettau was raised to the rank of imperial count on July 2, 1628 in Znaim ; as a Protestant he then had to emigrate, but kept his extensive Bohemian possessions and became one of the leaders of the exiles in Dresden . He tried to pull Wallenstein to the Protestant side and was murdered with him in 1634 in Eger.

His nephew Johann Oktavian (1604–1679) was raised to the bohemian count in 1676, the imperial count was confirmed in 1687 by his sons Franz Ulrich and Wenzel Norbert , both of whom were high chancellors of Bohemia. The sex was divided between two of Wenzel Norbert's sons, both of whom were also Bohemian Chancellor, into the I. (Count's) line, which descends from Franz Ferdinand (1678–1741) and the II. (Princely) line, which goes to his brother Philipp Joseph (1700–1749).

Count's line

The first line was again divided into the three branches Chlumetz (owned by the family since 1626, where the Karlova Koruna Castle (Karlskron) was built from 1721–1723 ), Bürgstein (acquired in 1710) with Löschna (since 1887) and Morkowitz (since 1911) and Ast auf Matzen with Angern an der March, who lived in Lower Austria from 1706 to 1931 .

Rychmburk Castle (Richenburg / Reichenberg) belonged to the family from 1714 to 1823. Through the marriage of Count Zdenko Radslav Kinsky (1896–1975) with Eleonore Countess von Clam-Gallas in 1921, the Žďár monastery came into his possession, which in 1991 was restituted. The best-known representative of this line is the Nobel Peace Prize laureate Bertha von Suttner , b. Countess Kinsky (1843-1914).

Princely line

The second line was granted the hereditary title of prince in 1752 in the person of the later field marshal Franz de Paula (1726–1792), which had already been given to a brother of the two line fathers, Stephan Wilhelm (1679–1749), whose son Franz -Joseph (1726–1752) died without a male heir. Stephan Wilhelm was raised to the bohemian and imperial prince status in 1746 ; However, since no direct imperial territory was acquired, he and his successors did not hold a seat in the Imperial Council of Prince and did not become an imperial class . The princely line thus belongs to the high nobility "third division". The title of prince is inherited in Primogenitur , those who are born later carry the title of count / countess.

Since 1709 the line was resident at Castle Chotzen and Castle Rositz ( Rosice u Chrasti in Okres Chrudim ), which formed a Fideikommiß . The princes also owned the Bohemian Kamnitz rule, which had been in the family since 1614 , Zlonice from 1721 , the Kinsky Palace in Prague from 1768 (until 1945) and from 1828 Heřmanův Městec (Hermannstädtel). In 1834, Prince Rudolf also acquired the rule of Horažschaftovice , which remained in the possession of a younger branch until 1945, from which Princess Marie von Liechtenstein (* 1940) descended. His brother Count Joseph Erwin (1806–1862) had the Kostelec nad Orlicí (Adlerkosteletz) palace built in the Empire style from 1829–1835 ; it was returned to its heirs in 1997. Another younger branch owned Mährisch Kromau Castle .

In 1790 Princess Rosa, b. Countess Harrach , the 1713-16 by Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt built Palais Daun-Kinsky in Vienna (until 1986 owned by the princely main line) and the Rosenhof Castle in Upper Austria's Mühlviertel that her younger son Franz de Paula Josef inherited and which in 1973 Inheritance fell to Count Czernin .

By 1929, 50% of the extensive Bohemian property of Prince Rudolf (1859–1930) had been expropriated. His nephew and heir, Prince Ulrich (1893–1938) still had around 12,000 hectares, a sugar factory and breweries. After the Second World War, the remaining Czech possessions were lost through nationalization as a result of the Beneš decrees . The Kinsky Palace in Vienna was not destroyed, but its art treasures remained in Bohemia, where they had been relocated; In 1986 it was sold to Prince Franz Ulrich (1936–2009), who had emigrated to Argentina with his mother during the German occupation in 1940. Since 2003 he has led 157 lawsuits for the return of expropriated property worth 1.3 billion euros. Today's head of the princely line is his son, Karl Maximilian (Carlos) (* Buenos Aires 1967), the 12th Prince Kinsky von Wchinitz and Tettau according to historical nobility law .

Present-day possessions

After the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia came to power in 1948, the other branches of the family were also expropriated.

After the Velvet Revolution , Giovanni and Pio Kinský dal Borgo received from the Count's line in restitution a . a. the Karlova Koruna Castle (Karlskron) and the Žehuňská obora wildlife garden in Kněžičky with the Obora hunting lodge (today Hotel Obora Kinský). There is also Kost Castle , which previously belonged to Count dal Borgo-Netolický. Her father, Count Norbert Kinsky, married Anna-Maria dal Borgo-Netolický in 1924, which means that these goods and the Palazzo dal Borgo in Pisa, where they grew up, came into the family. In 2004, this branch of the family founded Kinský dal Borgo as with its headquarters in Chlumec nad Cidlinou to manage the estates, forests and ponds in the districts of Hradec Králové, Nymburk, Mladá Boleslav, Pardubice, Kolín and Jičín . The former Žďár monastery was also restituted to her uncle Count Radslav Kinský in 1991. In 1997 the Kostelec nad Orlicí Castle was returned to a younger branch of the princely line.

Heidenreichstein Castle in Lower Austria came to the Kinsky family in 1961 through the marriage of Christian Leopold (* 1924 † 2011) from the Morkowitz family to Countess Josephine Marie Van der Straten-Ponthoz . Hans Kinsky from the Horažďovice branch acquired Stadl Castle on the Raab through marriage in 1966 .

coat of arms

  • The family coat of arms shows three downward curved silver wolf teeth starting from the left edge of the shield. On the helmet with its red and silver covers there is an open flight of eagles, silver on the right and red on the left. The red-silver coat of arms may indicate a Frankish origin of the family.
  • The coat of arms from 1746 and 1747 has the same shield as the family coat of arms, princely hat and princely coat.

Name bearer

Bertha von Suttner , b. Countess Kinsky von Wchinitz and Tettau (1843–1914), the first Nobel Peace Prize winner (photograph by Carl Pietzner, 1906).

See also

literature

Princely coat of arms at the Kinsky Palace in Prague
German
Czech
  • Jan Halada: Lexicon české šlechty . Akropolis, Praha 1999, ISBN 80-85770-79-2 . Heslo Kinští, pp. 265-267.
  • Petr Mašek: Modrá krev . Mladá fronta, Praha 1999. ISBN 80-204-0760-X . Heslo Kinští, pp. 129-133.
  • Karel Richter: Sága rodu Kinských . Without place and year. (54 p.) Pravděpodobně vydáno nákladem chlumecké větve Kinských.
  • Aleš Valenta: Dějiny rodu Kinských . Veduta, České Budějovice 2004, ISBN 80-86829-05-7 .

Web links

Commons : Kinsky  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Original in the House, Court and State Archives Vienna.
  2. ↑ Adelslexikon Volume VI, Volume 91 of the complete series, p. 233
  3. ↑ See Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Graefliche Häuser, Volume VIII, 1976
  4. ↑ See Gothaisches Genealogisches Handbuch , Princely Houses, Volume 1, 2015
  5. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon Volume VI, Volume 91 of the complete series, p. 233.