Convoy (nuclear power plant)
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Konvoi is a more or less standardized design of German nuclear power plants of the 1300–1400 MW class, realized in three systems .
history
Konvoi was also known internally as construction line 80. The construction is a further development of the 3rd generation of pressurized water reactors from the manufacturer Kraftwerk Union (KWU), known today as the Vor-Konvoi .
The convoy plants nuclear power plant Isar , Emsland nuclear power plant and nuclear power plant Neckarwestheim were built from 1981 to 1989 by the KWU. The originally envisaged option, in addition to power generation, process steam z. B. for a district heating supply was not implemented in any of the power plants implemented.
The designation as a convoy indicates that it was hoped that the identical construction of the power plants would make it easier and shorter approval procedures. The desired full standardization failed due to the federal structure of German licensing law. The requirements of the three responsible state approval authorities led to significant differences in the design of the systems built.
The Konvoi construction line was further developed internally at KWU in 1991 into the construction line 95 (or Advanced Konvoi), characterized by a nominal electrical output of up to 1500 MW, fully digital control technology ( Teleperm XP / XS ) and a fatigue monitoring system. From 1996 it was further developed by Siemens Nuclear Power in cooperation with Framatome , taking into account features of the French N4 to the EPR . At the same time, features of the convoy technology were integrated into the older KWU systems as part of retrofits. Siemens Nuclear Power and Framatome were merged in Germany in 2001 to form Framatome ANP GmbH, which was renamed Areva NP GmbH in 2006 .
In the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) there was a model of a convoy reactor on a scale of 1: 5, the ROCOM (Rossendorf Coolant Mixing Test Facility). With its help, flow processes in the reactor could be investigated experimentally.
Convoy systems
Germany
| designation | Abbreviation | federal country |
operators over |
thermal reactor power in MW |
el. gross capacity in MW |
el. net power in MW |
Energy generation in TWh |
Reststrom- amount from July 2010 TWh |
construction commencing |
Commercialization of essential operation |
Out of service (planned) |
Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isar 2 | KKI 2 |
.svg){kind=small} BY
|
E.ON | 3,950 | 1,485 | 1,410 | 186.8 | 110.3 | September 15, 1982 | April 9, 1988 | (2022) | DWR |
| Emsland | KKE |
 NI
|
RWE | 3,850 | 1.406 | 1,335 | 286.1 | 114.9 | August 10, 1982 | June 20, 1988 | (2022) | DWR |
| Neckarwestheim 2 | GKN 2 |
 BW
|
EnBW | 3,850 | 1,400 | 1.310 | 173.9 | 125.1 | November 9, 1982 | April 15, 1989 | (2022) | DWR |
Status: 2010
Discarded attachments
Other planned convoy nuclear power plants in Germany were the projects:
- Hamm
- Biblis C / D
- Vahnum A / B
- Pfaffenhofen / Zusam A / B (Rehling)
- Pleinting
- Borken (Hesse)
Some projects were abandoned after the Chernobyl disaster , Borken and Hamm finally only in 1995. The plans for Biblis C were not pursued.
literature
- R. Rieser and A. Kojetinsky: Isar 2 nuclear power plant - model system of the "convoy" , in: Kraftwerkstechnik 63, 12/1983
Web links
- Seeking consensus reactor , DIE ZEIT, December 11, 1992, No. 51, accessed April 19, 2014
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nuclear power plants in Germany. (No longer available online.) Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety , July 11, 2013, archived from the original on April 19, 2014 ; Retrieved April 19, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Nuclear Energy Agency
- ↑ a b c Power Reactor Information System of the IAEA : "Germany, Federal Republic of: Nuclear Power Reactors" (English)
- ↑ Net electricity in TWh - net electricity generation in billions of kilowatt hours since commissioning until the end of December 2005 or until shutdown.
- ↑ Federal Office for Radiation Protection : Amounts of electricity generated (net) by German nuclear power plants, transfer of production rights and recording of residual amounts of electricity ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ current residual electricity and forecast shutdown
- ↑ Sources: Federal Office for Radiation Protection , Information Group KernEnergie
