Kuno Fischer

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Kuno Fischer

Ernst Kuno Berthold Fischer (born July 23, 1824 in Tschistey near Guhrau , Province of Silesia , † July 5, 1907 in Heidelberg ) was a German philosopher and supporter of Neo-Kantianism , who is also known as a historian of philosophy .

Life

Kuno Fischer's tomb and grave complex on the so-called Professorenweg of the Heidelberg Bergfriedhof in Department D.

The son of the general superintendent Karl Theodor Fischer (1787–1878) studied philosophy, philology and theology in Leipzig and Halle from 1844 after attending high school in Posen , where he heard, among others, Johann Eduard Erdmann zu Hegel . In 1847 he received his doctorate with a thesis on Plato's Parmenides and then worked temporarily as a tutor in Pforzheim . He completed his habilitation in 1850 as a private lecturer in philosophy in Heidelberg . In 1853 his teaching license ( venia legendi ) was withdrawn on charges of pantheism . In 1856, after unsuccessful attempts to get admission as a private lecturer in Prussia, he followed a call to Jena as professor of philosophy , where he taught for 16 years. Fischer continued his work on his extensive history of philosophy (11 volumes 1852–1901) here. Here he understood the history of philosophy based on Hegel as a dialectical development process. Among other things, his not undisputed account of Kant appeared in 1860 as volumes III and IV. At the Jena Salana he also took part in the organizational tasks of the university and was rector of the Alma Mater in the summer semester of 1862 and in the winter semester of 1868 . In 1872 he accepted a call to Heidelberg. Kuno Fischer gave celebrated speeches in Heidelberg on the 500th anniversary of the University of Heidelberg in 1886 and on the 150th birthday of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in 1899. Kuno Fischer was married twice, his first wife was the daughter of a French officer, his second The woman was of Danish origin.

Kuno Fischer is said to have been one of the most popular and eloquent German university teachers in the 19th century and, together with the chemist Robert Wilhelm Bunsen , shared the reputation of being the bearer of most professorial anecdotes. His maternal uncle was the well-known anti-Catholic publicist Otto von Corvin-Wiersbitzky .

One of his students was W. Somerset Maugham . Kuno Fischer was the doctoral supervisor of Edmund Hardy (1852-1904), who received his doctorate in philosophy in 1879 at the Philosophical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg .

Successor to his chair in Heidelberg was his pupil Wilhelm Windelband and after this his pupil Heinrich Rickert . Kuno Fischer found his final resting place in the Heidelberg Bergfriedhof in Department D, the so-called row of professors .

effect

Fischer's history of modern philosophy has had a strong impact on Nietzsche in his picture of modern philosophy, namely Spinozas and Descartes'.

Fonts

Kuno Fischer 1898, painted by Caspar Ritter
  • 1849: Diotima. The Idea of ​​the Beautiful - Philosophical Letters ( online )
  • 1851: De Parmenide Platonico . Stuttgart (dissertation from 1847, online ).
  • from 1852: history of modern philosophy . 8 volumes. Heidelberg (various new editions until 1893, jubilee edition 10 in 11 volumes, including volumes 3 and 4 Kant monograph).
  • 1852: System of Logic and Metaphysics ( online ). 3rd edition Heidelberg 1909.
  • 1854: The interdict of my lectures and the indictment of Mr. Schenkel, director of the Heidelberg Preachers' Seminar, in the Darmstädtische Kirchen-Zeitung . Mannheim (justification after the withdrawal of the venia legendi ).
  • 1854: The apology of my teaching together with a reply to the "clearance" of Mr. Schenkel ( online ). ( In 1854 Schenkel had published the text Dispatch for Mr. Kuno Fischer in Heidelberg )
  • 1857: Schiller's self-confessions. Lecture given in the Rose zu Jena on March 4, 1857 ( online )
  • 1858: Schiller as a philosopher. Lecture given at the Rose in Jena on March 10, 1858 .
  • 1860: Kant's life and the foundations of his teaching. 3 lectures . Mannheim.
  • 1860: Friedrich Schiller: Academic speech on Schiller's centenary birthday ( online )
  • 1862: Academic speeches . Stuttgart (In it: Johann Gottlieb Fichte - speech at the academic Fichte celebration on May 19, 1862 in the presence of the Sr. Royal Highness of the Grand Duke of Saxony held in the college church of Jena. The two Kantian schools in Jena - speech at the beginning of the Vice-Rectorate , Feb. 1, 1862).
  • 1863: René Descartes' main writings for the foundation of his philosophy. Translated into German by Kuno Fischer. New edition 1868 ( online )
  • 1864: Lessing's Nathan the Wise. The idea and characters of poetry . Stuttgart.
  • 1865: Baruch Spinoza's life and character. A lecture . Mannheim.
  • 1868: About academic studies and its role. Speech on the beginning of the prorectorate and the price announcement on August 1, 1868 . Heidelberg.
  • 1869: Carl Wilhelm Göttling. A character drawing as a foreword to his last work . Jena
  • 1870: Anti-Trendelenburg. A reply ( online )
  • 1871: About the origin and the forms of development of the joke. Two lectures given in the Rose zu Jena in February 1871 ( online )
  • 1875: Francis Bacon and his successors. History of the development of the philosophy of experience ( online )
  • 1875: On the problem of human freedom. Speech on the birthday of the most blessed Grand Duke Karl Friedrich von Baden and the academic award ceremony on November 22, 1875 . Heidelberg.
  • 1877: Goethe's Faust. About the genesis and composition of the poem . Berlin.
  • 1881: Lessing as a reformer of German literature . Stuttgart.
  • 1884: The nerd and entrepreneurship in literature. Vade mecum for Pastor Krause in Hamburg . Stuttgart.
  • 1886: Speech for the 500th anniversary of the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität zu Heidelberg: held on August 4th, 1886 ( online )
  • 1888: Ceremonial lecture by Goethe's Iphigenie ( online )
  • 1889: Shakespeare's character development Richards III . Heidelberg, 2nd edition.
  • 1890: About GE Lessing. Part 3. Lessing's Emilia Galotti .
  • 1896: The relationship between will and understanding in man. In the presence of the highest rulers go to the residential palace in Karlsruhe on March 28, 1896 ( online )
  • 1897: Descartes' life, works and teaching. Heidelberg, 4th revised. Ed.
  • 1897: The philosopher of pessimism. A character problem. Heidelberg.
  • 1899: Goethe and Heidelberg. Speech for the city's Goethe celebration on the occasion of Goethe's 150th birthday given on October 29, 1899 ( online )
  • 1891: Schiller as a philosopher . Part 1: The youth ( online )
  • 1902: Goethe's Satanology in Faust . Wroclaw.

literature

  • Jürgen W. Schmidt: On the academic career of the Silesian philosopher Kuno Fischer (1824–1907): The history of his appointment to Jena 1853–1856. In: Specialized prose research - Border Crossing Vol. 4/5 (2008/2009) Baden-Baden 2010 pp. 433–449
  • Eberhard G. Schulz: Fischer, Kuno . In: East German memorial days 2007. Personalities and historical events . Cultural Foundation of the German Expellees , Bonn 2007, ISBN 978-3-88557-224-4 , pp. 173-178.
  • Edith Selow:  Fischer, Kuno. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 199 ( digitized version ).
  • Dagmar Drüll: Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon 1803-1932 . (Ed.): Rectorate of the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität-Heidelberg. Springer Berlin Heidelberg Tokyo. 2012. 324 pp. ISBN 978-3-642-70761-2

Archival material

An archive of and Kuno Fischer can be found, for example,

Web links

Commons : Kuno Fischer  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikiquote: Kuno Fischer  - Quotes
Wikisource: Kuno Fischer  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 1936 renamed Sandewalde , from 1945 Sądowel, today municipality Wąsosz , German Herrnstadt .
  2. ↑ Edmund Hardy in the NDB ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / bsbndb.bsb.lrz-muenchen.de
  3. ↑ Andreas Urs Sommer : Nietzsche's Readings on Spinoza. A Contextualist Study, Particularly on the Reception of Kuno Fischer. In: Journal of Nietzsche Studies. Vol. 43 (2012), H. 2, pp. 156-184 [1] .
  4. ↑ Part 1 (4th edition 1897) online here
  5. ↑ Logic and Metaphysics or Science , Edited and introduced by Hans-Georg Gadamer . Manutius-Verlag, Heidelberg 1998, ISBN 3-925678-69-7 .
  6. ↑ 2nd, completely revised edition
  7. ↑ Compare the information on the Kalliope network
personal data
SURNAME Fischer, Kuno
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fischer, Ernst Kuno Berthold (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH July 23, 1824
PLACE OF BIRTH Tschistey near Guhrau
DATE OF DEATH July 5, 1907
Place of death Heidelberg