Lein-Lolch

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Lein-Lolch
Lein-Lolch

Lein-Lolch

Systematics
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Pooideae
Genre : Lolch ( Lolium )
Type : Lein-Lolch
Scientific name
Lolium remotum
closet

The flax lolch ( Lolium remotum ) or flax lolch is a species of sweet grass (Poaceae) that is practically extinct in Central Europe and used to be an important weed in flax fields .

features

The Lein-Lolch is an annual plant ( therophyte ). It reaches a height of 30 to 60 (rarely 100) centimeters. The stalks are upright, simple or branched at the bottom. The stalk below the ear is rough, otherwise smooth. It has two to four nodes . The whole plant is green to yellow-green, usually grows in clusters and does not form non-flowering shoots.

The leaf sheaths are smooth and glabrous, the ligule is 0.5 to two millimeters long and truncated. The leaf blade is five to 20 inches long and 0.5 to five millimeters wide. In the bud position , the blade is folded, later flat. It is rough on the top and edge, and smooth on the bottom.

The ear is four to 20 centimeters long and upright, the axis of the ear is tortuous. The spikelets are spaced apart, in the upper ear area they can also overlap at the base. The spikelets are three to eight flowered and six to twelve (16) millimeters long. The spikelet axis does not disintegrate at maturity. The lower glume is only formed on the uppermost spikelet. The upper glume is five to seven-veined and five to twelve (16) millimeters long, half as long to the same length as the spikelet. It is dull and coarse-skinned, the surface is smooth and bare. The lemmas are 3.5 to 4.5 (5.5) millimeters long. They are blunt or truncated, leathery in consistency and usually without awn (rarely with awn, which can be up to eight millimeters long). The anthers are 1.5 to 2.2 millimeters long. Flowering time is June to August, the flowers are self-pollinators .

The fruits are 3.2 to 4.5 millimeters long, two to three times as long as they are wide.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

The whole plant is poisonous due to an endophytic fungus .

Distribution and locations

The Lein-Lolch occurs in Eastern Europe, in North Africa, in temperate Asia from Siberia to China, in Australia and in southern South America.

The Lein-Lolch is threatened with extinction throughout the area due to the decline in flax cultivation. It only appears very scattered, and in many cases it can no longer be observed in earlier areas. In Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania it occurs inconsistently. In Germany (except Saxony-Anhalt and Brandenburg), Belgium and the Czech Republic it has died out or has been lost. In Switzerland it is considered endangered. In Austria the species is extinct or missing, in Carinthia it is still inconsistent. It is not under protection in Austria or Germany. In Germany he is considered an archaeophyte .

The flax lolch is a field weed and grows particularly in flax fields. After 1950 he briefly had a second focus on Serradella ( Ornithopus sativus ) fields. It also grows on roadsides, cargo handling points and rubble sites. It prefers fresh, nutrient-rich loam and clay soils. It is a nutrient pointer and a decidedly light plant. It occurs up to the montane altitude level . It is an association character of the flax weed society Lolio remoti-Linetum within the association Lolio remotae-Linion. It also occurs in arugula societies (Sisymbrion).

Systematics

The flax lolch belongs to the species group of the tumbled lolch ( Lolium temulentum ). Synonyms for Lolium remotum closet are Lolium complanatum Schrad. , Lolium linicolum A. Braun and Lolium temulentum subsp. remotum (closet) A. & D. Löve .

The specific epithet remotus comes from Latin and refers to the distant spikelets.

supporting documents

  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive (CD-Rom), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6

Individual evidence

  1. ^ WD Clayton, KT Harman, H. Williamson: World Grass Species: Descriptions, Identification, and Information Retrieval , 2002ff, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . accessed January 30, 2008.
  2. ^ A b c Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  3. ↑ Schmeil-Fitschen interactive , 2001/2002.

Web links