Libyan Arabic
| Libyan Arabic | ||
|---|---|---|
|
Spoken in |
Libya , as well as Egypt , Tunisia , Algeria and Niger | |
| speaker | 4,300,000 (as of 1996) | |
| Linguistic classification |
|
|
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-3 | ||
Libyan Arabic (own nameلهجة ليبية, DMG Lahǧa lībīya ; also known as Sulaymani Arabic ) is a dialect of Arabic spoken in Libya and in small areas of Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, and Niger. He belongs to the group of Maghrebian dialects of Arabic .
The Libyan dialect consists of a largely Libyan-Arabic vocabulary with influences from Berber , Italian and Turkish .
In the course of the Arabization of Muammar al-Gaddafi, only Standard Arabic is permitted in educational institutions, offices, media and official affairs , while Libyan Arabic is the colloquial language of the majority of the Libyan population.
history
Two historically important events have particularly shaped the Libyan dialect; the Hilalian - Sulaimi migration, and the expulsion of Arabs, Berbers, Jews and Moors from Islamic Spain to North Africa - following the Reconquista . Libyan Arabic was also more strongly influenced by the Italian language and the Ottoman language , and to a lesser extent by the Turkish language , during the existence of Italian-Libya . A Berber - substrate also exists. Lately, foreign English words have been on the rise.
vocabulary
Italian influence
Italian words mainly come from economic and technical jargon:
| Libyan Arabic | Italian | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| word | IPA | meaning | word | meaning | |
| صاليطة ṣālīṭa | sˤɑːliːtˤa | Slope, embankment | salita | pitch | |
| كنشلو kinšēllu | kənʃeːlːu | Gate, gate | cancello | goal | |
| انڨلي anguli | anɡuli | corner | angolo | corner | |
|
طانطة ṭānṭa ,
وطانطة uṭānṭa |
tˤɑːntˤɑ, utˤɑːntˤɑ | truck | ottanta | eighty | |
| تستة tēsta | teːsta | Head butt | testa | head | |
| مرشبدي maršabēdi | marʃabeːdi | side walk | marciapiede | side walk | |
| كاچو kāčču | kɑːttʃu | Kick | calcio | Kick | |
| لزانية lazānya | lɑːzɑːnja | lasagne | lasagna | lasagne | |
| سبڨتي sbageţi | sbɑːɡeːtˤi | spaghetti | |||
| رزوتو rizoţu | rizoːtˤu | Risotto | |||
| فتوچيني feţuččini | fetˤutˤ.ʃiːni | fettuccine | |||
Turkish influence
Turkish words were adopted during the rule in what was then called Vilayet Tripolitania :
| Libyan Arabic | Turkish | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| word | IPA | meaning | word | meaning | |
| كاشيك kāšīk | kaːʃiːk | spoon | kaşık | spoon | |
| شيشة šīša | ʃiːʃa | bottle | şişe | bottle | |
| كاغط kāġəṭ | kɑːʁətˤ | paper | kağıt | paper | |
| شوڨ so-called | ʃoːɡ | much | çok | much | |
Berber influence
Before the Arabization of what is now Libyan territory, Berber languages were the mother tongue of most of the people. This led to the adoption of numerous Berber words in Libyan Arabic.
literature
- Christophe Pereira: Le parler arabe de Tripoli (Libye). Instituto de Estudios Ilamicós y del oriente próximo, Zaragoza 2010.
