List of capitals of Egypt
Egypt had in its varied, more lasting than 5000 years of history a total of 20 different capitals . The current capital is Cairo .
Old Egypt
- Thinis (before 2950 BC), first capital of Upper and Lower Egypt ( Early Dynastic Period )
- Memphis (2950–2180 BC), imperial capital in the Old Kingdom and the First Intermediate Period , 1st to 8th Dynasty
- Herakleopolis Magna (2180–2060 BC), 9th and 10th Dynasty ( Herakleopolitan period )
- Thebes (2135–1985 BC), 11th dynasty , named capital by Mentuhotep II
- Itj-Taui (1985-1700 v. Chr.), 12th and 13th Dynasty , of Amenemhet I of the entrance Faiyum Basin built
- Auaris (1715–1580 BC), 14th and 15th Dynasty , capital of the Hyksos
- Thebes (1700–1353 BC), beginning in the 13th dynasty under Aja I , capital in the south of the country during the Hyksos period ( 17th dynasty ), capital of the reunited country during the 18th dynasty until the time of Akhenaten
- Achetaton (1353–1332 BC), 18th dynasty ( Amarna period ), newly founded in Middle Egypt by Akhenaten
- Memphis (1332–1279 BC), 18th / 19th dynasty , royal court moved to the north of the country under Tutankhamun
- Pi-Ramesse (1279–1078 BC), 19th and 20th dynasties , under Ramses II. Newly built city in the Nile Delta
- Tanis : (. 1078-945 BC.), With stones of discontinued city Pi-Ramses by the kings of 21 dynasty been expanded
- Bubastis / Tanis: (945–715 BC), 22nd Dynasty , Libyan rule in the eastern Nile Delta
- Leontopolis / Thebes (818–715 BC), 23rd dynasty , the dynasty newly founded by Petubastis I in the central Nile Delta
- Sais (725-715 v. Chr.), 24th Dynasty , Lokalkönigtum in the western Nile Delta
- Napata / Memphis (715–664 BC), the Cushite 25th dynasty , was initially ruled from Napata in Upper Nubia. After the conquest of Memphis by Pije , the subsequent kings established their residence here.
- Sais (664–399 BC), capital of the Saïten dynasty founded by Psammetich I , capital of the Egyptian satrapy under Persian rule ( 27th dynasty )
- Mendes (399–380 BC), 29th Dynasty , Nepherites I moved capital from Sais to Mendes
- Sebennytos (380–343 BC), 30th Dynasty , hometown of Nectanebo I.
- unknown (343–332 BC), 31st Dynasty , 2nd Persian rule
Greco-Roman / Byzantine Period
- Alexandria (332 BC – 643), founded by Alexander the Great , from 30 BC. Until the administrative reform of the emperor Diocletian capital of the province Aegyptus , until 381 capital of Aegyptus Iovia , afterwards capital of the Dioecesis Aegypti
- Thebes (around 300–381), capital of the Thebais
- Memphis (around 300–381), capital of Aegyptus Herculea
Islamic time
- Fustat (around 643-750), as a military settlement of the Arab commander Amr ibn al-'As established
- Al-Askar (750–868), capital of the Egyptian province at the time of the Abbasids
- Al-Qata'i (868–905), capital of the independent Tulunid dynasty
- Fustat (905–972), the reconquest of Egypt by the Abbasids
- Cairo (from 972), founded by Abu Tamim al-Muizz as the capital of the Fatimid caliphate