Ludwig Gandorfer

Ludwig Gandorfer (born on August 22, 1880 in Pfaffenberg , Niederbayern ; died on November 10, 1918 in Rosenheim ) was a politician of the Bavarian SPD , from 1917 the USPD . As their representative, he was actively involved in the November Revolution of 1918 in Munich . At the side of USPD state chairman Kurt Eisner , despite the handicap of blindness that had existed since 1912, on November 7, 1918, he led the demonstration to the Munich barracks, which was decisive for the events in Bavaria .

Immediately after the proclamation of the Bavarian Republic (November 7/8, 1918), he began building the Central Farmers' Council in the Free State on behalf of Eisner, but died in a car accident just two days later. His brother Karl Gandorfer , the leading representative of the revolutionary left wing in the Bavarian Farmers 'Union (BBB), took his place as chairman of this new council in Bavaria - also known as the Parliamentary Farmers' Council .

Life

Ludwig Gandorfer had in his time as a colony under the rule of the German Reich standing German East Africa managed a farm. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). However, his candidacies in the Reichstag elections in 1907 and 1912 were unsuccessful. As an opponent of the truce policy in World War I , he joined the Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD) in 1917 .

When Karl Liebknecht (formerly a SPD member of the Reichstag and one of the leaders of the left-wing revolutionary Spartacus group , later a KPD co-founder) was arrested in 1916 as a result of his activities against the First World War, his 15-year-old son Wilhelm ("Helmi") Liebknecht (1901-1975 ) in the Zollhof, the Gandorfer brothers' manor in Lower Bavaria.

In mid-October 1918, Kurt Eisner , leading protagonist of the Bavarian USPD and co-organizer of the January strikes against the war, because of which he was taken into (then unlimited) pre-trial detention, was used as a USPD for the election campaign for the vacated Reichstag seat of Georg von Vollmar Candidate released from prison. Eisner then contacted Ludwig Gandorfer in order to discuss possibilities for restructuring Bavarian politics after the war.

During the revolutionary rally on November 7, 1918 on the Theresienwiese in Munich, Ludwig Gandorfer addressed the gathering with an address of solidarity and promised sufficient food supplies from the farmers for the urban population in need of the war-related bottlenecks. He then led a demonstration together with Eisner to the barracks in the west and northwest of Munich to call on the soldiers stationed there to join the revolution. A large part of the barracks crews, especially those from the lower ranks, went over to the revolutionaries. Under the pressure of events, the Bavarian King Ludwig III fled . out of town. A few hours later the king was declared deposed and the Free State of Bavaria or the Bavarian Republic proclaimed, Eisner was elected by the Workers 'and Soldiers' Council as the first Prime Minister of this republic.

On November 9, 1918, Kurt Eisner instructed Ludwig Gandorfer to nominate 50 representatives of the farmers as farmers' councils at the provisional Bavarian National Assembly. After Ludwig Gandorfer had a fatal accident the next day in a car accident on the way to Upper Bavaria, his brother Karl Gandorfer from the left wing of the Bavarian Farmers' Union (BBB) took over the chairmanship of the central farmers' council (also known as the parliamentary farmers' council) of workers, soldiers and peasant councils.

literature

Wilhelm Heinz Schröder : Social Democratic members of the Reichstag and candidates for the Reichstag 1898–1918 (= handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and political parties, volume 2). Droste, Düsseldorf 1986

Web links

On the role of the Gandofer brothers during the November Revolution 1918/19 in Bavaria (section in an article on the Bavarian Farmers' Union on the website of the Bavarian Historical Lexicon)
The Gandorfer Brothers - Anti-clerical and anti-monarchical ; Article by Renate Eichmeier on September 18, 2016 on Bayern 2 (br.de/radio/bayern2), with a relatively extensive picture gallery and audio link to the radio broadcast, accessed on February 20, 2017
Gandorfer brothers shaped Bavarian history , article by Johann Haas in the Mittelbayerische Zeitung of November 12, 2010 (online www.mittelbayerische.de, accessed on September 14, 2014)
The revolutionary farmer ; Article about Ludwig Gandorfer on ovb-online ( Oberbayerisches Volksblatt ) from March 12, 2013 (accessed on May 1, 2013)
Image Ludwig Gandorfer

Individual evidence

↑ Georg Köglmeier, Johann Kirchinger: Parlamentarischer Bauernrat, 1918-1920 in the Historisches Lexikon Bayerns (online www.historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de, accessed on September 20, 2014)
↑ Michaela Karl: Liebknecht's Children (online at www.literaturportal-bayern.de, accessed on September 14, 2014)
^ Christiane Schmidt: Fritz Schaefler (1888-1954). Expressionist works from 1918. Herbert Utz Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-8316-0790-7 , p. 103 ( partial digitization )
^ Hans Beyer: From the November Revolution to the Soviet Republic in Munich. Rütten & Loening, Berlin 1957, p. 8 ( partially digitized )
^ Heinrich August Winkler: Weimar, 1918-1933. The history of the first German democracy. Beck, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-406-43884-9 , p. 28 ( partially digitized )
↑ Hans Beyer: The Revolution in Bavaria, 1918/1919. Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-326-00328-5 , p. 25 ( partial digitization )

personal data
SURNAME	Gandorfer, Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Politicians of the SPD and the USPD
DATE OF BIRTH	August 22, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH	Pfaffenberg , Lower Bavaria
DATE OF DEATH	November 10, 1918
Place of death	Rosenheim

[1] Georg Köglmeier, Johann Kirchinger: Parlamentarischer Bauernrat, 1918-1920 in the Historisches Lexikon Bayerns (online www.historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de, accessed on September 20, 2014)

[2] Michaela Karl: Liebknecht's Children (online at www.literaturportal-bayern.de, accessed on September 14, 2014)

[3] Christiane Schmidt: Fritz Schaefler (1888-1954). Expressionist works from 1918. Herbert Utz Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-8316-0790-7 , p. 103 ( partial digitization )

[4] Hans Beyer: From the November Revolution to the Soviet Republic in Munich. Rütten & Loening, Berlin 1957, p. 8 ( partially digitized )

[5] Heinrich August Winkler: Weimar, 1918-1933. The history of the first German democracy. Beck, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-406-43884-9 , p. 28 ( partially digitized )

[6] Hans Beyer: The Revolution in Bavaria, 1918/1919. Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-326-00328-5 , p. 25 ( partial digitization )