Ludwig V (Hessen-Darmstadt)

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Ludwig V of Hessen-Darmstadt

Ludwig V of Hessen-Darmstadt (born September 24, 1577 in Darmstadt ; † July 27, 1626 near Rheinfels ) was Landgrave of Hessen-Darmstadt from 1596 to 1626 . Because of his loyalty to the emperor, Ludwig was nicknamed " the faithful ".

Life

Ludwig V of Hessen-Darmstadt

Origin and first years of government

Ludwig was a son of Landgrave Georg I of Hesse-Darmstadt (1547–1596) from his first marriage to Magdalena (1552–1587), daughter of Count Bernhard VIII. Zur Lippe .

After the death of his father, he and his brothers Philipp and Friedrich were enfeoffed with Hessen-Darmstadt by Emperor Rudolf II . Shortly thereafter, he assumed sole rule after financially resigning his brothers. In 1600 he bought the office of Kelsterbach with Mörfelden and Langen from the Count of Ysenburg , which the Emperor assured him after lengthy disputes with the Ysenburg family .

Ludwig was an exceptionally passionate hunter, his court was very expensive, and he was mostly in need of money.

Battle for Hessen-Marburg

After the childless death of Ludwig IV , Ludwig V inherited half of Hesse-Marburg in 1604 . Due to the Calvinist Reformations of Landgrave Moritz von Hessen-Kassel , who had inherited the other half of Hessen-Marburg, which contradicted Ludwig IV's will, Ludwig V raised a claim to all of Hessen-Marburg. During the Thirty Years' War this led to serious disputes between the evangelical Ludwig V, who nevertheless sided with the emperor, and Moritz, who sided with the Protestants. Ludwig was able to keep Hessen-Darmstadt neutral at the beginning of the Thirty Years War, but after the invasion of Christian von Braunschweig in Upper Hesse in 1621, he openly allied himself with the Kaiser . As a result of the Battle of Wimpfen in 1622, which the Kaiser was able to win, Ludwig was given all of Hessen-Marburg because of his loyalty, which he occupied militarily and was able to maintain until his death. During these clashes, Ludwig was briefly captured by the Protestants in 1622. At the Regensburg Reichstag of 1623, he was the only Protestant prince who, together with the emperor, voted for harsh decrees against the Protestant Union and the Elector Palatinate . Ludwig died at the age of 49 during the siege of Rheinfels Castle in the Lower County of Katzenelnbogen , which was also guaranteed to him .

University of Giessen

After Landgrave Moritz had introduced Calvinism at the University of Marburg in 1605 , some Lutheran theologians left the university and went to Giessen in the area of ​​Landgrave Ludwig. Until the imperial patent for a university was obtained, a "Gymnasium illustrious" ( illustrious et principale Gymnasium Gissense ) with an attached "Paedagogium" was founded in 1605 . On May 19, 1607, Emperor Rudolf II granted the university patent in Prague. The "Gymnasium illustrious" became the "Academia Gissena" (later Ludoviciana ). The Latin school (the pedagogy) lives on to this day in the Landgraf-Ludwigs-Gymnasium .

Astronomical honors

In 1722, the professor of theology and mathematics Johann Georg Liebknecht observed a star in the asterism of the Big Dipper at the Ludoviciana . He thought he was seeing a proper movement towards the surrounding stars and thought the spot of light was a new planet, which he named in honor of the university's founder, Sidus Ludoviciana . It was a miscalculation; instead of honor and fame, it earned the derision of astronomers.

Marriage and children

Ludwig V married Magdalena (1582–1616), daughter of Elector Johann Georg von Brandenburg on June 14, 1598 in Berlin , with whom he had the following children:

In addition, Ludwig was the father of a son born out of wedlock:

additional

Various Landgraf-Ludwigs-Gymnasien are named after him.

literature

Web links

Commons : Ludwig V.  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Endnotes

  1. ↑ One of his closest confidants was his chief hunter and forest master Georg Bernhard von Hertingshausen († 1646), whom he made Princely Councilor and Secret War Commissioner.
  2. ↑ August Friedrich Gfrörer: Gustav Adolph: King of Sweden and his time. 3rd edition, Adolph Krabbe, Stuttgart, 1852, p. 465
  3. ^ State Historical Information System Hesse
  4. ↑ cf. Entry on Hessen-Darmstadt, Heinrich Landgraf von in the professorial catalog of the Philipps University of Marburg
predecessor Office successor
George I. Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
1596–1626 		George II
personal data
SURNAME Ludwig V.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Louis the Faithful
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
DATE OF BIRTH September 24, 1577
PLACE OF BIRTH Darmstadt
DATE OF DEATH July 27, 1626
Place of death at Rheinfels Castle