Marienschacht
| Marienschacht | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
 |
|||
| Mining technology | Longwall mining | ||
| Funding / total | 1,208,050 t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Operating company | Baron von Burgker coal and ironworks | ||
| Start of operation | 1886, (1957) | ||
| End of operation | 1930, (1990) | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal, uranium ore | ||
| Mightiness | 4.60 m | ||
| Greatest depth | 555.50 | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 50 ° 59 '45.9 " N , 13 ° 42' 15.9" E | ||
|
|||
| Location | Boderitz | ||
| local community | Bannewitz | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains. | ||
| country | Free State of Saxony | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
The Marienschacht is a former mine on Boderitzer Flur, directly on the outskirts of the Saxon state capital Dresden . The remaining daytime facilities represent a significant mining historical ensemble of the hard coal mining in the Döhlen basin . They are a technical monument under state protection.
history
The Baron von Burgker Steinkohlenwerke began on June 12, 1886 at 307.80 m above sea level with the deepening of the shaft , which had an oval cross-section with a clear width of 6.57 × 2.89 meters. Deepening the shaft turned out to be difficult due to heavy water access. At the end of 1886 the depth had to be interrupted at 40 meters. After lining the shaft to a length of 38 meters with a 0.37 meter thick brick wall and the erection of the hoisting machine of the Neuhoffnungsschacht for the excavation of debris, the depth was resumed in February 1887. After a further 4.50 meters, the depth had to be set again because the water inlets had meanwhile reached 2 m 3 / min. After the construction of two powerful steam pumps by the Freiberg mechanical engineering company HA Hülsenberg Sons, the depth could be resumed from May 1887. Several wells dried up in Bannewitz , Eutschütz and Welschhufe due to the water accesses , which then had to be rebuilt by the barons of Burgker Steinkohlenwerke. At the end of the year the depth had reached 78.75 meters. In order to be able to insert the 0.63 meter thick watertight brick wall, the shaft cross section had to be enlarged to 27 m 2 . The water inflows could thus be reduced to 0.66 m 3 / min.
In 1888, at a depth of between 87 and 104 meters, strong water inflows of up to 1.30 m 3 / min were encountered again . For dewatering three were now Pulsometer and three Hülsberg steam pumps necessary. At the end of the year, a depth of 125 meters was reached.
In 1889, dry mountains were reached at a depth of 160 meters. At the end of the year the depth was 168.70 meters. The watertight masonry had been installed down to a depth of 163 meters, thus reducing the water inlets to 0.3 m³ / min.
In 1890 the depth reached 220.25 meters. At a depth of 205 meters, a 25 meter long stretch of water was excavated. The water that entered the shaft was collected here. In the same year, the shell of the machine and boiler house was completed and a 46 meter high chimney was built. The iron pulley chair and the steam hoisting machine with an output of 200 HP (147.1 kW ) were also built.
In 1891 the hoisting machine of the Neuhoffnungschacht and the interim boiler house were dismantled and the hoisting machine of the Marienschacht was put into operation. A Hülsenberg duplex water column machine was installed in the waterway , which pumped the water stored here as process water above ground. The shaft depth reached 305 meters. The masonry was now only 0.4 meters thick.
In 1892 the depth reached 471 meters. The shaft walling was completed up to 405 meters.
On April 7, 1893 6.00 meters was from 545.50 meters powerful first seam intersected . In the mine field of the Marienschacht the 3rd seam was 0.90 meters, the 4th seam 0.60 meters, the 5th seam 2.50 meters and the 6th seam 1.10 meters thick. After excavating the swamp, the shaft reached its final depth of 555.50 meters. The filling point was posted at 550.50 meters.
In 1894, the lining of the shaft and the filling point was completed and the filling point was connected to the hanging bench by a telephone. The fixture work has started. In 1894/95 a coal washing plant was built by the Cainsdorf Queen Marienhütte . Eight coke ovens were built in 1895 . 1896 driven to the northwest reached crosscut the field boundary of the former Gitterseer coal Building Association and at the end of the year was with the coal mining started.
In the same year, the 180-meter-long connecting line to the Hänichener Kohlenzweigbahn , financed by Burgker Werke , was built.
The third jump of the Red Ox with a jump height of 126 meters was encountered with a cross passage driven north . The open seam behind it was severely disturbed and rose steeply at 23 °. The seam thickness sank here to 2.00 meters. After penetrating the seam, the basement was found in the lying area. The device was discontinued due to the poor quality of the seam.
In 1898, Siemens & Halske built a power station on the mine site. On July 31, 1898 there was a fatality in a firedamp explosion .
In 1901 the coking plant was shut down due to a lack of sales. In 1903 the eastern limit of building worthiness was reached. The seam here was only 1.50 meters thick. In 1906 a weather connection to the Glückauf-Schacht broke through. In the same year, a cable was laid underground from the new power plant on the Glückauf shaft to the filling point of the Marienschacht. In 1909 the daytime facilities were also connected to the power grid of the Glückauf shaft.
From 1913 onwards, a compressed air locomotive from the Rudolf Meyer machine factory in Mülheim an der Ruhr was used to improve transport on the route network, which had become very extensive . It was able to transport 20 empty hunts over a distance of 800 meters to the mining field and 20 full hunts back without refilling.
With the outbreak of the First World War , the production had to be temporarily stopped in 1914 due to a lack of staff; full operation was only achieved again in 1921. In 1926, the Friedrich Krupp Grusonwerk AG company set up a flotation system to improve the processing of the coal . In 1927, mining from the south and east reached the shaft safety pier . Mine operations were limited to two shifts. From 1928 onwards, the clear coals in the shaft were transported on a 780-meter-long, overshot hunt cable car to the Glückauf-Schacht for processing, where they were processed in the coal washer and partly processed into briquettes in the briquette factory . In 1929/30 the ropes of the cable car that could not withstand the stress were replaced with chains. A special feature of this railway was that it led under the Horkenberg with a 340 meter long tunnel . The flotation was implemented from the Marienschacht to the Glückauf-Schacht.
Due to the rapidly deteriorating economic conditions and the lack of sales of the coal mined, operations were stopped on March 31, 1930. The last hunt coal was mined on April 11, 1930. After a fire in an average 44 , the airway to Glückauf-shaft, which could not be deleted, which had to promote all set in two wells on 11 April 1930th Shortly thereafter, the Marienschacht was filled to a depth of 223 meters and provided there with a 3.50 meter thick concrete seal. Up to this point in time, 1,208,050 t of hard coal had been produced.
In the GDR , the shaft was cleared again from 1957 as part of the VEB hard coal works "Willi Agatz" . The floor conveyor, type FM 3000/1300 with a drum diameter of 3000 mm, from shaft 1 in Gittersee was installed as the conveyor machine . The manufacturer of the machine was VEB Nobas Nordhausen .
In 1958, at a depth of 370.18 meters, the shaft wall was breached and the cross passage 17 to drive the remaining coal piers in the field of the neighboring Glückauf shaft was made. On April 28, 1961, the breakthrough of cross passage 12 between shaft 2 in Gittersee and Marienschacht on the 3rd level took place. 3 Siemens contact wire locomotives from the disused Queen Carola Shaft were used for transport on the cross passage. The locomotives built in 1915, 1925 and 1927 were completely overhauled in our own workshop and recalibrated from 560 mm to 600 mm. In the mine field, battery locomotives of the types Karlik , Metallist and EL 9 were used for transport. From September 1961, the coal in was Rest pillars of the first seam (main seam) won . In June 1963, the trial mining began in the 3rd seam. In 1964 the remaining pillars in the Glückauf-Schacht field were opened up and dismantled through a rock mountain and a fall site. On December 31, 1965, dismantling had to be stopped because a fire broke out . The pit field of the Glückauf shaft was hermetically sealed off. In July 1966, mining in the 1st seam was stopped and in October 1966 mining began in the 5th seam. On November 11, 1967, the mining of energy coal in the field of the Marienschacht was stopped due to exhaustion of the supplies. Since certain types of coal were uranium ore leading, SDAG Wismut took over the mining company "Willi Agatz" with its pits on January 1st, 1968 and began to extract what is known as ore coal. The uranium content averaged 0.124%. At the beginning, the locomotive park was modernized. The Karlik and Metallist locomotives and the overhead wire locomotives were scrapped. Firedamp-proof EL 9 and 12 contact wire locomotives of type EL 6 on the cross passage were used . The start of dismantling was staggered. 3rd seam in August 1972, 5th seam in December 1978 and 1st seam in August 1985. The mining in the 1st seam was ended in January 1987, in the 3rd seam in May 1989 and on November 30, 1989 in the 5th seam . The greatest depth was reached with the sump at section 504 with 660 m at −354 m above sea level. In addition to its function as a delivery shaft, the shaft was also a weather shaft. Until 1972 it functioned as a weather shaft and with the commissioning of shaft 402 as a fresh weather shaft. After the quarrying work had ceased , the custody of the mine field and the shaft and the subsequent flooding began on January 1, 1990 . The shaft was backfilled and the site including the dump was renovated by Wismut GmbH by 1999.
The striking headframe is a Malakow tower and one of the last to be erected of its type in Germany. A chew was added in the 1960s . The tower can also be found in the coat of arms of the municipality of Bannewitz.
On June 14, 2014, the “Wismut tunnel”, which was driven to drain the Gittersee / Bannewitz mine field, as an extension of the Tiefen Elbe tunnel , reached the mine building of shaft 3 in Freital - Burgk . The waterway was created by drilling holes in the mine workings of shaft 3. Since October 7, 2014, the Marienschacht pit has been drained at an altitude of 120.69 m above sea level.
The Marienschacht property has been and is being renovated piece by piece and can be rented for celebrations and conferences.
literature
- S. Janetz, S. Stute: The Döhlen basin. Story of a landscape . Berlin 2006 ( timogoehler.beepworld.de [PDF; 1.8 MB ; accessed on April 19, 2015]).
- Saxon State Office for Environment and Geology / Sächsisches Oberbergamt (Hrsg.): The Döhlener basin near Dresden. Geology and Mining (= mining in Saxony . Volume 12 ). Freiberg 2007, ISBN 3-9811421-0-1 ( digital copies [accessed April 19, 2015]).
- Eberhard Gürtler, Klaus Gürtler: The hard coal mining in the Döhlen basin part 1 - shafts on the right of the Weißeritz. House of Homeland Freital, 1983.
- Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in the Kingdom of Saxony. 1887 to 1930.
- The mine railways of the Freital coal and uranium mining. Historic Feldbahn Dresden eV
Individual evidence
- ^ Jürgen Schubert: The Windbergbahn. Kenning Verlag, Nordhorn 1993, ISBN 3-927587-18-4 , p. 13
- ^ History of Marienschacht. (No longer available online.) In: bergbautraditionsverein-wismut.de. Archived from the original on April 27, 2015 ; Retrieved April 19, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Saxon State Office for Environment and Geology / Sächsisches Oberbergamt (Hrsg.): The Döhlener basin near Dresden. Geology and Mining (= mining in Saxony . Volume 12 ). Freiberg 2007, ISBN 3-9811421-0-1 , p. 211 ( Part 2 [PDF; 12.0 MB ; accessed on April 19, 2015]). Part 2 ( Memento of the original from February 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Karl Heinz Scholz: We and our work . Ed .: Willy Agatz. Freital 1984, p. 40 .
- ^ Wismut GmbH (ed.): Dialog . No. 84 , January 2015 (company magazine).
- ↑ Marienschacht Bannewitz - the event location. In: marienschacht.de. Retrieved May 2, 2016 .
