Marius Barbeau
Charles Marius Barbeau , CC (born March 5, 1883 in Sainte-Marie-de-Beauce , Québec , † February 27, 1969 in Ottawa ) was a Canadian anthropologist, ethnologist and folklore researcher.
Barbeau attended the Collège de Ste-Anne-de-la-Pocatière . In 1903 he began to study law at Laval University , in 1907 he went to Oxford on a Rhodes scholarship , where he studied archeology, anthropology and ethology at Oriel College . He also attended summer courses at the École des hautes études of the Sorbonne and the École d'anthropologie in Paris. Here he met Marcel Mauss as well as Raoul and Marguerite d'Harcourt , who turned his interest to Indian folklore and the culture of the early Indian civilizations.
In 1911 he received a position as an anthropologist and ethnologist at the museum division of the Geological Survey of Canada , from which the National Museum emerged in 1927 . During this time he began to record Indian songs and stories with the phonograph , being particularly interested in the mixture of Canadian and French folklore.
From Edward Sapir and Ernest MacMillan he learned to write down recorded folk tunes in musical notation. After first trips from 1914 onwards, he undertook an expedition along the St. Lawrence River in 1916 , during which he recorded more than 500 songs and numerous legends. His work had a great influence on ethnologists such as Evelyn Bolduc , Gustave Lanctot , Adélard Lambert and Édouard-Zotique Massicotte . In the 1930s, François Brassard , Luc Lacourcière and Joseph-Thomas Leblanc were his most important students.
In 1916 Barbeau became a member of the Royal Society of Canada , whose French section he headed from 1933. In 1918 Barbeau became president of the American Folklore Society , whose Journal of American Folklore he had published since 1915. In 1937 he was appointed President of the National Consulting Committee for the Protection of Canadian Wildlife , and in 1939 he became a member of the Washington Academy of Sciences , the Canadian Authors Association and the Société des écrivains canadiens .
From 1942 Barbeau taught at the University of Ottawa and Laval University . In 1948 he retired from work at the National Museum and in 1954 after a stroke from teaching at the university. In the following years he devoted himself to the transcription and publication of the folk tunes and texts that he had collected on his expeditions.
From 1956 to 1963 he was President of the Canadian Society for Traditional Music , of which he was a founding member. In 1963 he reported on a series of the CBC about his memories and discoveries. In addition to evidence of folklore, he also collected other evidence of Indian culture. a. in the collections of the Royal Ontario Museum , the University of British Columbia , the Chambly Museum, and the Sir Wilifrid Laurier Commemoration Museum . He also carried out linguistic studies on the relationship between the languages of the Hurons and Iroquois .
Barbeau published numerous writings and essays in various Canadian journals and left about 13,000 original texts of French and Indian songs, including 8,000 with sheet music. He has received numerous awards for his work. He received the Prix David three times , was awarded the Canada Council Medal in 1962 , the National Award from the University of Alberta in 1965 and an Honorary Diploma from the Canadian Conference of the Arts in 1968 . In 1967 he became Companion of the Order of Canada .
In 1969 the highest peak in the Canadian Arctic was named Barbeau Peak , and in 1985 the city of Montreal named a street after Barbeau. The Association canadienne d'ethnologie et de folklore has been awarding the Marius-Barbeau Médaille since 1978 , to which Édith Butler , LaRena Clark and Germain Lemieux received , among others .
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| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Barbeau, Marius |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Barbeau, Charles Marius (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Canadian anthropologist, ethnologist and folklore researcher |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 5, 1883 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sainte-Marie-de-Beauce |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 27, 1969 |
| Place of death | Ottawa |