Matthieu Soiron

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Matthieu Soiron by Josef Mataré before 1933.

Matthieu Soiron , also called Matheius Soiron , (born May 17, 1722 in Maastricht ; † July 15, 1781 ibid) was a Dutch builder , contractor , architect and fortress builder. Matthieu Soiron was particularly active in Germany as an architect for the construction of Wickrath Castle .

Live and act

Matthieu Soiron was born as the son of the married couple Mattheus Soiron (1681–1762) and Catharina Deplaye from Chenee near Liège (1688–1746). He is a brother of the builder François Soiron (1714–1779). Matthieu was married to Isabelle Lucia Ernou (1726–1786). Their son was Mathias Soiron , from whose hand the drawings of individual parts such as the stairs, balcony and roof construction of the castle Wickrath come.

In 1757, Wilhelm Otto Friedrich von Quadt transferred the Wildenborch estate near Vorden to the architects Matthieu and François Soiron for their extraordinary achievements in the construction of Wichrath Castle . In the same year, François Soiron completed the church in Odenkirchen , four kilometers from Wickrath .

Wickrath Castle

Buchkremer drawing: Wickrath Castle from a photograph

Wickrath Castle, 11 km south-west of Mönchengladbach, was badly damaged by fire in 1745 and a year later it was demolished within two weeks. The master of Wickrath Castle, Wilhelm Otto Friedrich von Quadt , had the brothers Matthieu and François Soiron from Maastricht built a baroque moated castle as a summer residence in place of the demolished castle between 1746 and 1772 . The palace building comprised the manor house, two outer bailey wings, two pavilions and a French park in the form of a count's crown. Roofing work from the year 1748 has been handed down from the first construction phase. The second phase of construction probably began in 1751. Around this time, Matthieu Soiron was named in the files as the architect.

The architect Joseph Buchkremer describes the palace as follows: “Its architecture is very schematic and clearly points to the collaboration of the younger Jakob Couven, son Johann Josef Couven, who had worked as an architect with his father since the mid-1950s. The central building, which ends with a mansard roof with a tower crown, shows the coat of arms of Quadt above the main cornice. In front of the former main building there are extensive economic buildings that are the same on both sides; some of these are still preserved. The large courtyard enclosed by them is connected to the main building by an architecturally richly designed bridge, which spans the moat between the palace and the economic buildings. "

The two farm buildings (before 1895 stud) “are framed by two protruding wing structures and have a high two-storey central building that dominates the only single-storey remaining parts of the building and is crowned by a mansard roof with a tower. The Couven's roof motif can also be found here on all rounded corners of the building. The front surface of the central building is closed off by massive stone gables with rich figural and ornamental decorations. The gable on the right depicts Neptune , surrounded by tritons , driving through the flood in his carriage drawn by four horses; the gable on the left depicts Ceres , descending on a chariot drawn by winged dragons and scattering seeds. below, a farmer kneels, looking up at her pleadingly, before his team, whose oxen are lying idle in the field. The two gables are framed by flat, often curved profile strips and generally form an oval outline. ” The dilapidated middle section, the high castle, was torn down around 1859.

Soiron separated the side wings from the corps de logis, presumably at the client's request. In this way he created a variant of the courtyard motif .

portrait

Carry the above portrait is a detail of the full-length painting Wilhelm Otto Friedrich von Quadt and his master builder at the castle Wickrath in Rheydt Castle . The inscription reads: “THE HOOGGEBOORE HEER WILLEM OTTO FREDERICK OF THE HEYLIGER ROOMIC RYX GRAVE VAN QUADT THE ONMIDDELBAERE RYX VRYE HEERLYK HEEDEN WYKRADT EN SCHWANENBERG REGEEREND HEER VRY HEER VAN LOESEN DE WOLSHOER? EN ERF HOFMEESTER DES FÜRSTENDOMS GUELDRE EN DER GRAFFSCHAP ZUTPEHEN. “It refers to the depicted Wilhelm Otto Friedrich von Quadt, the client.

Josef Mataré (March 19, 1880 - September 25, 1966), brother of Ewald Mataré and father of Herbert Mataré , made a detailed copy of this portrait in Isny im Allgäu before 1933 . It was an oil painting on hardboard measuring 65 cm high and 53 cm wide. Mataré's signature in the form of a ligature consists of the first two letters of his first and last name, with the J in the middle of the M. Instead of Soiron's brown tailcoat in the original picture, Mataré chose a red shade.

The original of the double portrait from Rheydt Castle was in Isny ​​Castle at the time. The imperial city of Isny ​​belonged from 1802 to 1806 to the imperial count Otto Wilhelm von Quadt, a son of the builder of Wickrath Castle. This painting was auctioned in Amsterdam in 2001 and was in the meantime in the years 1994/2005 in the Museum Burg Frankenberg with the inventory number NGK 876. Since 2010 it has been hung in the Couven Museum in Aachen . The classification as an alleged portrait of Couvens has been questioned since December 2010 and has been referred to as the portrait of a contemporary colleague Couvens since May 2011. This is not in doubt, as the original picture was made in 1773 ten years after the death of Johann Joseph Couven. Buchkremer assigned Wickrath Castle to Jakob Couven due to the more schematic architectural style and pointed out Jacob's collaboration in the 1750s, but Matthieu Soiron is already on record as a master builder for 1751, which also excludes his brother from being portrayed. This also refutes Köver's and Kraus' interpretations as a portrait of Jakob Couven.

Works

literature

  • Wolfgang Löhr: "Wilhelm Otto Friedrich von Quadt (1717–1785), the builder of Wickrath Castle." Pp. 12–21. in: Castle and Park Wickrath. Workbooks of the Rheinische Denkmalpflege. Regional Association of Rhineland. Rhenish Office for Monument Preservation. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms, 2005.

Web links

Commons : Matheius Soiron  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "HSTAD, Wickrathberg, files 15 fol.39." Löhr, page 18, n.. 39
  2. ^ “Rijksarchiv Maastricht, Manuscript Collection 100, III 73; IV 385; V 325; 386 A; 459; 461; X 209. On the genealogy of the Soiron family s. J. Verzijl, De archtectenfamilie Soiron, in: Limburgse Leeuw 11, 1963, pp.73-86, LJ Morreau, Bijdrage Soiron, in: ibid. 12, 1964, pp.93-99. “Löhr, p. 18, note 44. Ms. Ausk.v.Dr. Christian Wolfsberger, City Archives Councilor, City Archives Mönchengladbach.
  3. ↑ De Wildenborch
  4. ↑ The house was surrounded by moats. The single tower was not integrated. Löhr, p. 17.
  5. ↑ In the Limburg Jaarboek, her brother Jean Louis Soiron is also mentioned as a further employee. Based on Löhr's remarks, the authors also come to the conclusion that the portrait is Matthieu Soiron. You refer to him as Matthias Soiron sen. Frank Hovens and Anke Kappler: De verbouwing van Kasteel Neubourg in de jaren 1733-1735 by architect Johann Joseph Couven. in: Limburgs Geschied- en oudheidkundig Genootschap (LGOG). Publications de la Société Historique et archéologique dans le Limbourg, Jaarboek 2009 deel 145, p. 72.
  6. ↑ Schloss Wickrath ( Memento of the original from October 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.moenchengladbach.de
  7. ↑ Apart from the stylistic divergence that Buchkremer noted, there is no evidence that Quadt had commissioned another architect in the period from 1746 to 1751. This divergence can be in the emphasis on the main structure.
  8. Jump up ↑ Joseph Buchkremer : The architects Johann Joseph Couven and Jakob Couven. in ZAGV, Vol. 17, 1895, pp. 149f
  9. ^ Otto Friedrich von Quadt with his master builder Matthieu Soiron and Schloss Wickrath in the background by Johann Heinrich Fischer .
  10. ↑ Löhr, p. 18.
  11. ↑ Thomas F. Kraus: “On the way to modernity. Bonne ville d'Aix-la-chapelle. Aachen in French times - 1792/93, 1794-1814. ”Catalog of the handbook for the exhibition in the“ Coronation Hall ”of the Aachen City Hall from January 14th to March 5th 1995. Aachen, Verlag des Aachener Geschichtsverein , 1994, (Kraus), P. 612.
  12. ↑ Löhr, p. 18; Kraus, p. 613.
  13. ↑ Dagmar Preising , Ulrich Schäfer: "Couven Museum in Aachen." Deutscher Kunstverlag Berlin, p. 18. The painting is no longer in Isny, but since 2001 in Rheydt.
  14. ↑ Michael Prömpeler: The Couven Museum. Station Route Charlemagne, p. 9. The author either creates a conglomerate of father and son Couven or assigns it to Johann Joseph Couven's father, Johann Jakob Couven: The picture “has long been viewed as a portrait of Johann Jakob Couven. New findings indicate that this is probably a contemporary professional colleague who proudly shows his tools. ”Soiron does not point to his“ tools. ”He holds his compass in his right hand and his left hand indicates his supposed blueprint.
  15. ↑ Katharina Köver: “Johann Joseph Couven. An architect of the 18th century between the Rhine and Maas. ”Special Volume IX Aachen Art Papers for the Johann Joseph Couven exhibition. Published by the City of Aachen and the Museum Association Aachen . Inventory catalog IV of the Suermondt Ludwig Museum. 1983, p. 91; Kraus, p. 612.
  16. ^ The picture of Johann Joseph Couvens , online contribution of the Aachen History Association
  17. ↑ HSTAD, Wickrath, files 15, fol. 105. Löhr, p. 19, note 67.
  18. ↑ Ibid., Fol. 103. s. a. List of castles, palaces and fortresses in North Rhine-Westphalia 3.9 Rhein-Kreis Neuss: Korschenbroich No. “8. Schlickum House, Schlich in Korschenbroich-Glehn "
personal data
SURNAME Soiron, Matthieu
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch builder
DATE OF BIRTH May 17, 1722
PLACE OF BIRTH Maastricht
DATE OF DEATH July 15, 1781
Place of death Maastricht