Maurice Raynal

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Juan Gris: Portrait of Maurice Raynal , 1911, oil on canvas

Maurice Raynal (born February 3, 1884 in Paris , † September 18, 1954 ibid) was a French art critic and journalistic pioneer of Cubism .

life and work

Raynal was the son of a hotel owner from Capdenac in the Aveyron department . After his father's death, his mother sold the hotel near the Gare de Lyon and donated the proceeds to her son. He began to study law, which he finally dropped out in 1919. He became interested in contemporary art from an early age. He moved to Montmartre and met the artists around Pablo Picasso and his future wife Germaine in the Bateau-Lavoir studio house . He was in close contact with Guillaume Apollinaire , Max Jacob , Marc Chagall and Fernand Léger . He had a close friendship with the painter Juan Gris , which lasted until his death.

Juan Gris: Portrait of Germaine Raynal , 1912, oil on canvas

Raynal spent the inherited fortune entirely to support his artist friends. He financed exhibitions and catalogs, as well as the literary magazine Vers et Prose, published from 1905 to 1914 by Paul Fort and André Salmon . He was to support Picasso's move from Bateau-Lavoir to Place de Clichy with 500 francs. His generosity soon ran out of funds. Raynal wrote articles for Charivari , I'Intransigeant , La Gazette des Arts , and Apollinaire's Soirées de Paris from 1913 to 1918 .

In 1911 Raynal was portrayed by his friend, the painter Juan Gris ( portrait of Maurice Raynal , oil on canvas, 55 × 46 cm, former Raymond Raynal collection). Germaine painted Gris in 1912 ( portrait of Germaine Raynal , private collection). Germaine contributed to the livelihood in which she modeled for Henri Matisse and was well paid for it. Germaine, whom he married in 1919, is depicted on some of Matisse's etchings , but above all on the oil paintings Woman on the Stool from 1914 (The Museum of Modern Art, New York) and the gray nude with bracelet (Staatsgalerie Stuttgart) . He became an active member of the "Sociéte des amis de Fantômas" (SAF) founded by Apollinaire , to which Jacob and Picasso also belonged. The group was concerned with the emerging silent film and was named after a popular five-part Fantômas film series by Louis Feuillade from 1913. Raynal reported on it in the Soirées de Paris on August 7, 1914.

In 1919 Raynal gave a lecture that appeared in print at the Éditions de L'Effort Moderne , Paris, under the title Quelques intentions du cubisme . In 1921 he published the first - initially only in German - monograph on Picasso in Delphin-Verlag, Munich. In 1927 Raynal wrote an Antologie de la peinture en France de 1906 à nos jours , in which he tried to structure French painting and divided it into three categories: the idealists (with Ingres and the Cubists), the realists (with Courbet, Vlaminck and Soutine ) and the Eclecticists (with Derain, Friez and Fayory).

Raynal's son Raymond became the assistant to the photographer and filmmaker Brassaï in 1932 , his grandson David Raynal is the author of the book La Bande à Picasso , in which he describes the circle of friends of the Bateau-Lavoir studio house .

Fonts

  • Picasso , Delphin-Verlag, Munich. 1921
  • Modern French Painters , Arno Press, New York, 1928, (Reprint) ISBN 978-0-4050-0735-4
  • with Herbert Read: Histoire de la Peinture Moderne de Baudelaire a Bonnard , Skira, Geneva, 1949
  • Modern painting , Skira, Geneva 1966

literature

  • Georg Schmidt (inlet): History of modern painting. Matisse - Munch - Rouault. Fauvism and Expressionism . Texts and documentation by Maurice Raynal u. a., Skira, 1950
  • David Raynal: Maurice Raynal - La Bande à Picasso , Ouest-France, 2008, ISBN 978-2-7373-4612-5

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Interview with David Raynal from January 14, 2008
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Bosch: Henri Matisse - Engraver Lithographe , opening address in the Fasanengalerie, 2007 ( Memento from July 23, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 15 kB)
  3. ↑ Press release on the exhibition: Matisse: Menschen Masken Modelle , Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, September 27, 2008 to January 11, 2009]
  4. ^ Remi Fournier Lanzoni: French Cinema: From Its Beginnings to the Present , Continuum, 2004, p. 44 ISBN 978-0-8264-1600-1 ]
  5. ↑ Maurice Raynal, Anthologie De La Peinture En France De 1906 a Nos Jours , Paris, Editions Montaigne, 1927, with essays on Braque, Juan Gris, Van Dongen, Maria Blanchard, Andre Derain, Miro, Modigliani, Valadon and de Vlaminck, among others , Cover picture by Sonia Delaunay
  6. ^ Brassaï: Letters to My Parents , Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 1998, p. 206
personal data
SURNAME Raynal, Maurice
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French writer and art critic
DATE OF BIRTH February 3, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH September 18, 1954
Place of death Paris