Max Lebsche
Max Lebsche (born September 11, 1886 in Glonn , † September 22, 1957 in Munich ) was a German surgeon and opponent of National Socialism .
Life
Lebsche's father was the medical councilor and district doctor Max Lebsche (1858–1940), an Upper Bavarian country doctor who was one of the founders of the Catholic student association KBStV Rhaetia Munich in 1881 . His mother Barbara, née Graf, daughter of an innkeeper couple, met Max Lebsche sen. in the local pub of Rhaetia and married him in 1885. Max Lebsche jun. was the oldest child of the two, he had two younger sisters, Klara and Mathilde.
Max Lebsche attended elementary school in Glonn and then the Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich , where he graduated from high school in 1905. In the same year he also entered the rhaetia. He then studied medicine in Munich and Würzburg and passed the state examination in Munich in 1910 . After a few months as a medical intern at the Paderborn State Hospital , he returned to Munich and did his doctorate at the medical faculty there on the subject of clinical and experimental studies on the value of modern wound disinfection . The dissertation was rated “ summa cum laude ”. Lebsche received his license to practice medicine in 1912 , and Ottmar von Angerer brought him to the surgical university clinic in Munich as an assistant.
Lebsche spent the First World War in a medical company on the western front. During this time he also published on the subject of the requirements for surgery in the theater of war. In 1918 Lebsche returned to the university clinic in Munich and is said to have witnessed Angerer's death at the operating table after a heart attack. Angerer's successor as full professor was Ernst Ferdinand Sauerbruch , who gave Lebsche a special position at the clinic and worked closely with him. In 1921 Lebsche headed a medical company of the Oberland Freikorps in the suppression of the Upper Silesian uprising and the fighting over St. Annaberg .
As a result Lebsche published a number of scientific papers on surgery, including a contribution to the treatment of malignant tumors together with Sauerbruch. In 1922 he became a senior physician at the clinic, in the same year he completed his habilitation at Sauerbruch with a cardiac surgery topic: experiments on the elimination and replacement of the aorta (published 1925). He also worked on Sauerbruch's book Surgery of the Chest Organs . In 1926 Lebsche was awarded the title of associate professor , in 1928, about a year after Sauerbruch's departure from the Berlin Charité , he received a position as associate professor for special surgery at the medical faculty and was appointed head of the surgical university polyclinic as successor to Erich von Redwitz .
In 1930 Lebsche also founded a private clinic with 35 beds in Munich, the Maria-Theresia-Klinik, in a building on Bavariaring that belonged to the Jewish philanthropist James Loeb . He initially built the house as a residential building and later made it available to Emil Kraepelin for a research institute; At the time of Lebsche's expression of interest in 1929, it housed a sanatorium . With the help of loans from Loeb, the building was rebuilt and the clinic opened in March 1930, with Lebsche as director. Lebsche's staff from the university's polyclinical institute acted as doctors. The Sisters of Mercy of St. Vincent de Paul .
In 1932 Lebsche took over the office of Philistine Senior in his student union . According to his biographer Lucia Beer, he is said to have tried in this capacity to emphasize the declarations of the German bishops of 1932 on the incompatibility of membership in National Socialist and Catholic organizations in the Rhaetia. According to his own later statements, he believed that as a war participant and free corps fighter he was hardly vulnerable from the national side. On April 2, 1936, the dean of the medical faculty informed him that he had retired and had been dismissed as a professor; A year later he received written confirmation that he had been transferred to early retirement on the basis of Section 6 of the Law on Restoring the Professional Civil Service . Lucia Beer connects this measure with his activities as Philistine Senior in 1932. She suspects that the former Rhaetia member Friedrich Wilhelm Starck had a hand in it. Lebsche now concentrated on his private clinic. In 1939 he bought the building from Loeb's heirs, apparently in connection with the Aryanization . With the beginning of the Second World War, Lebsche volunteered for military service. He was given the management of the surgical department of the on-site hospital in Munich I. In 1944, it had to be relocated to Fürstenried Castle due to bomb damage , still under Lebsche's direction.
After the Second World War, Lebsche soon got all his functions and offices back. On January 1, 1947, he was appointed to a full professorship at the Ludwig Maximilians University and now headed the Surgical University Clinic, where Emil Karl Frey also worked. He also remained head of the Maria Theresia Clinic and the Fürstenrieder military hospital. In the course of the year he resigned from his public office after a serious illness and concentrated again on the management of his private clinic. The Jewish Restitution Successor Organization objected to the purchase of the building on Bavariaring in 1939. Lebsche believed the purchase was legal and went to court, but unsuccessfully. The result was that in 1952 the clinic was given to the Sisters of Mercy of St. Vincent von Paul passed over, but Lebsche was able to keep the medical direction.
Lebsche also participated in the re-establishment of the Bavarian Homeland and Royal Party , which was founded in 1919 and dissolved in 1933. It was approved by the military government for a few months in 1946, then banned again and re-established in July 1950. Lebsche remained chairman of this party until his death, but it never achieved political importance.
In 1954 Lebsche retired. He suffered a first heart attack in 1955, but continued to work. In 1957 he suffered a second heart attack in his study at the Maria Theresia Clinic, where he died. He was buried in the family grave in Glonn.
In 1957 he was appointed Knight of the Papal Order of Knights of the Holy Sepulcher by Cardinal Grand Master Nicola Cardinal Canali and invested in Munich on April 30, 1957 by Lorenz Jaeger , Grand Prior of the German Lieutenancy . He was also a Knight of Malta .
Commemoration
For his successes in surgery, his military missions, his political work and his commitment to the needy, he received several medals, awards and honorary memberships. After Lebsche there are several streets and squares in Upper Bavaria , such as B. the "Max-Lebsche-Platz" in front of the Großhadern Clinic of the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich. In his hometown Glonn the main street is named after him, in his memory a small Marien fountain with two memorial plaques was extended there on the corner of Prof. Lebsche-Str./Feldkirchner Straße (his house).
literature
- Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. Max Lebsche (1886–1957). Life and work . Dissertation at the University of Regensburg. 2015. (online)
- Lebsche, Max , Internationales Biographisches Archiv 48/1957 from November 18, 1957, in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of article freely available)
- Hans Obermair: Glonn history and stories . Self-published editor, CSU Glonn, 1999.
- Martin Friedrich Karpa: The history of the arm prosthesis with special consideration of the performance of Ferdinand Sauerbruch (1875–1951) . Med. Diss., Ruhr University, Bochum 2005.
- Festschrift for the 75th anniversary of the Maria Theresia Clinic. Congregation of the Sisters of Mercy of St. Vinzenz von Paul, Munich 2005.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lebsche had already submitted part of this work to the medical faculty as a processing of the 1910/11 price assignment. The price was not awarded to him due to the brevity of the work and the insufficient number of attempts, Chronik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Jg. 1910/11, p. 97
- ↑ Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. med. Max Lebsche. 2015, pp. 21–24.
- ↑ Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. med. Max Lebsche. 2015, p. 27.
- ^ See next to Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. med. Max Lebsche. 2015, p. 27, also about Günther Körner: Use of self-protection in Upper Silesia. 1981, p. 106, and Anton Joachimsthaler: Hitler's List. 2003, p. 56.
- ↑ See the DNB entry
- ↑ Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. med. Max Lebsche. 2015, pp. 27–31.
- ↑ Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. med. Max Lebsche . 2015, p. 49.
- ↑ Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. med. Max Lebsche . 2015, pp. 82–84.
- ↑ Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. med. Max Lebsche. 2015, p. 31f .; see. also p. 89 and p. 94.
- ↑ Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. med. Max Lebsche. 2015, p. 32.
- ↑ Lucia Beer: The surgeon Prof. Dr. med. Max Lebsche. 2015, p. 85.
- ↑ Hans Jürgen Brandt: Jerusalem has friends. Munich and the Order of Knights of the Holy Sepulcher. EOS 2010, p. 98.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lebsche, Max |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German doctor, opponent of the National Socialists |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 11, 1886 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Glonn |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 22, 1957 |
| Place of death | Munich |