Michael Ristow

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Michael Ristow (born April 24, 1967 in Lübeck ) is a German doctor ( internist ) and scientist. He works as a professor of energy metabolism at the ETH Zurich with the research area of mitochondrial metabolism and its importance for general aging , as well as the development of age-associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus ( diabetes ), obesity and cancer .

Life

Ristow grew up in Lübeck. As a 17-year-old high school student at the Johanneum in Lübeck , he won the national competition “ Jugend forscht ” in 1984 and won the Federal President's Prize for a computer program he had developed to control diabetes. After graduation in 1986 he studied on a scholarship from the Study Foundation of the German People medicine at the University of Bochum , received in 1994 the approval and in 1996 with a grade of summa cum laude to the Dr. med. PhD. His subsequent internship at the Bergmannsheil University Clinic in Bochum and subsequently at the Cologne University Clinic was interrupted from 1997–1999 by a research stay at the Joslin Diabetes Center of Harvard Medical School . After completing the specialist examination for internal medicine at the end of 2000 , Ristow was group leader at the German Institute for Nutritional Research in Potsdam and assistant professor at the Benjamin Franklin University Hospital of the Free University of Berlin (merged with the Charité in 2003 ). In October 2002 he completed his habilitation in internal medicine at the Medical Faculty of the Free University of Berlin. From 2004 to the end of 2012 Ristow was a full C4 professor for human nutrition at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena . Since January 2013 he has been full professor for energy metabolism and since 2017 director of the Institute for Translational Medicine at the Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST) at ETH Zurich .

Scientific work

Ristow's primary field of work is biological and interventional aging research and thus the investigation of processes of general aging, in particular the associated genetic regulation and the possible influence of pharmacological substances, drugs and natural substances.

Ristow's work on the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans showed for the first time that oxidative stress or free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) - comparable to a vaccination - are able to prolong the life of an organism. This unexpected observation was subsequently reproduced in many other model organisms and by other working groups. Building on this, Ristow was able to show for the first time that the health-promoting and life-prolonging effect of endurance sports, which has long been known, is also based on the effect of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS). Together with Matthias Blüher in Leipzig , he was able to prove that antioxidants , by counteracting the formation of free radicals, prevent the diabetes- preventive effect of exercise. This process was called " Mitohormesis ". The resulting questionability of antioxidant food supplements with possible harmful effects in humans was also discussed in detail in the international press.

In analogy to this, several meta-analyzes independently of Ristow came to the conclusion that the administration of certain antioxidants ( beta-carotene , vitamin A and vitamin E ) promotes the development of diseases including cancer in humans.

More recent works from Ristow's group establish a connection between the content of lithium in the environment and life expectancy: there is a statistically significant correlation between high content of the trace element and high life expectancy; Furthermore, high lithium concentrations extend the life expectancy of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans .

Subsequently, Ristow's working group was able to show that the dietary supplement glucosamine can extend the life expectancy of Caenorhabditis elegans , but also of pre-aged mice. At the same time and subsequently it was shown in humans that glucosamine intake is associated with a longer life expectancy, and that this supplement improves unhealthy inflammation parameters in the blood.

In addition, Ristow has published important articles on the mitochondrial control of cancer growth and supported the Warburg hypothesis based on experiments in cell lines .

Awards

  • 1998 High-rise Foundation Prize from the Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne and Young Scientist Award from the Endocrine Society (USA)
  • 2004 Ferdinand Bertram Prize of the German Diabetes Society
  • 2008 Thuringian Research Prize in the Basic Research category for the work "Extension of life expectancy through oxidative stress"

Fonts

  • Subcloning and expression studies of a new transmembrane ATP-dependent transporter NG-TRA in rat and human tissues. Bochum, Univ., Diss., 1996

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Project page in the “Jugend forscht” database ( memento of the original from February 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.jugend-forscht.de
  2. ^ Curriculum vitae Ferdinand Bertram Prize
  3. ^ Curriculum vitae Homepage Ristow
  4. ↑ Schulz, TJ. et al. (2007): Glucose restriction extends Caenorhabditis elegans life span by inducing mitochondrial respiration and increasing oxidative stress. In: Cell Metabolism . 6 (4); 280-293; PMID 17908557
  5. ↑ Yun, J & Finkel, T. (2014): Mitohormesis in: Cell Metabolism , 19, 757-766; PMID 24561260
  6. ↑ Ristow, M (2014): Unraveling the truth about antioxidants: mitohormesis explains ROS-induced health benefits. in: Nature Medicine , 20, 709-711; PMID 24999941
  7. ↑ Shadel, GS & Horvath, TL (2015): Mitochondrial ROS signaling in organismal homeostasis. in: Cell , 163, 560-569; PMID 26496603
  8. ↑ Ristow, M. et al. (2009): Antioxidants prevent health-promoting effects of physical exercise in humans . In: Proc Natl Acad Sci 106: 8865-8870; PMID 19433800
  9. ↑ Ristow, M. et al. (2011): Extending lifespan by increasing oxidative stress . In: Free Rad Biol Med 51, 327-336; PMID 21619928
  10. ^ [1] The New York Times : Vitamins Found to Curb Exercise Benefits
  11. ↑ [2] BBC : Vitamins "undo exercise efforts"
  12. ↑ [3] Der Spiegel : Vitamin pills slow down the positive effects of sport
  13. ↑ [4] Deutsches Ärzteblatt : Why exercise only promotes health without vitamins
  14. ↑ Bjelakovic, G. et al. (2007): Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis . In: JAMA 299 (7); 842-857; PMID 17327526
  15. ↑ Bjelakovic, G. et al. (2012): Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases . In: Cochrane Database Syst Rev 14; CD007176; PMID 22419320
  16. ↑ Zarse, K. et al. (2011): Low-dose lithium uptake promotes longevity in humans and metazoans. In: Eur J Nutr 50 (5): 387-389; PMID 21301855
  17. ↑ [5] Der Spiegel : Fountain of youth in drinking water
  18. ↑ Weimer, S. et al. (2013): D-Glucosamine supplementation extends life span of nematodes and of aging mice. In: Nature Comm 8, 3563e, PMID 24714520
  19. ^ [6] Daily Mail : Could a popular arthritis supplement be the key to a longer life? Glucosamine could extend life 'by 8 years'
  20. ↑ [7] 20 minutes : This is how you live around eight years longer
  21. ↑ Bell, GA et al. (2012): Use of glucosamine and chondroitin in relation to mortality. In: Eur J Epidemiol 27, 593-603, PMID 22828954
  22. ↑ Navarro, SL et al. (2015): Randomized trial of glucosamine and chondroitin supplementation on inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma proteomics profiles in healthy humans. In: PLoS ONE 26; 10 (2): e0117534, PMID 25719429
  23. ↑ Schulz, TJ. et al. (2006): Induction of oxidative metabolism by mitochondrial frataxin inhibits cancer growth: Otto Warburg revisited . In: J Biol Chem 281 (2); 977-981; PMID 16263703
  24. ↑ Beuster, G. et al. (2011): Inhibition of alanine aminotransferase in silico and in vivo promotes mitochondrial metabolism to impair malignant growth . In: J Biol Chem 286 (25); 22323-22330; PMID 21540181
  25. ↑ Thuringian Research Prize 2007 in the “Basic Research” category. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 12, 2011 ; accessed on February 8, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.thueringen.de


personal data
SURNAME Ristow, Michael
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ristow, Michael Richard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor, scientist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH April 24, 1967
PLACE OF BIRTH Lübeck