Mittweide

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Mittweide
Community of Tauche
Coordinates: 52 ° 3 '47 "  N , 14 ° 8' 36"  E
Height : 47 m
Area : 5.31 km²
Residents : 155  (Dec. 31, 2017)
Population density : 29 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 2001
Postal code : 15848
Area code : 033674

Mittweide is a district of the municipality Tauche in the Oder-Spree district (Brandenburg). Mittweide was an independent municipality until it was incorporated into the Tauche municipality in 2001.

geography

Mittweide is about 10 km southwest of Friedland and about 23 km northeast of Lübben (Spreewald) . The district of Mittweide borders in the north and northeast on the district of Trebatsch , in the northeast also on the district of Sawall , in the southeast on the districts of Ressen and Zaue , in the southwest on the former districts of Schuhlen and Wiese or the current district of Schuhlen -Meadow . In the south and southeast, the Mittweider Torfgraben forms the boundary to the Ressen district for more than one kilometer.

The B 87 crosses the town and the district in a south-west / north-east direction. A small road connects Mittweide with Schuhlen, another small road leads to Zaue.

To the south of the village are the slightly boggy Mittweider meadows. They are criss-crossed by several drainage ditches that lead to the Mittweider Torfgraben. Peat was dug here in some places until after 1900. The highest point of the district is a nameless hill in the northwest of the district with 64.5  m above sea level. NHN . The lowest point of the Mittweider Torfgraben with approx. 41  m above sea level. NHN .

history

The place was first mentioned in 1423 as Metheweide . According to Rudolf Lehmann, the original village structure can no longer be determined. It is very likely that the current structure with settlement concentrations along Lübbener Straße and the village structure is due to the earlier ownership shares. Eichler derives the name from the German, after a place in the middle of the pasture, or the middle pasture. However, it does not rule out the transfer of the name from Mittweida in the district of central Saxony . Mittweide had a common ownership history with Schuhlen for centuries, although Schuhlen is only a few hundred meters away from Wiese; one would rather suspect a common history with Wiese. At the end of the Middle Ages and early modern times, the Mittweide field mark must have been larger than today's Mittweide district, because according to the loan documents, the Swietensee was also part of Mittweide's accessories. Today, the Swietensee lies in the Sawall district and thus belongs to the Trebatsch district of the Tauche municipality.

Local history

In 1708 two farmers, two Kossäts and four Büdner lived in the village. In 1718 the village had a valuation of 500 guilders, a low value compared to the neighboring villages. In 1755 the average harvest in Dresden bushels was : 292.5 bushels of grain, 3 bushels of wheat, 98 7/16 bushels of barley, 5 11/16 bushels of oats, 8 13/16 bushels of peas, 18¾ bushels of heather (= buckwheat ), a bushel Hops and 4¼ bushels of flax . 101 consumers are mentioned; it is unclear whether only adults or the entire population is meant. In 1795 six people from Freiburg are mentioned. 1809 lived in Mittweide three whole farmers (full farmers), eight whole cottagers, eight cottagers or Büdner. In 1818 24 houses were registered in the village, Mittweide had 137 inhabitants. There was a windmill a little outside the town center, which included a house. The windmill is already listed in the Schmettauschen map series from 1767/87. In 1818 six people lived in the house belonging to the mill. The windmill was west of the town center, a little south of the small road to Schuhlen. In 1854 the miller Presch intended to tear down the old post mill and replace it with a new post mill with two gears and a millet pounder. This windmill is still recorded in the topographic map 1: 25,000 No. 3950 Groß Leuthen from 1908.

In 1840 there were 25 houses in which 187 people lived. In the Urmes table of 1846 the Mittweider Torfgraben is referred to as Schiffahrts Graben. On the road to Zaue, a gravel pit is drawn directly on the boundary. Another gravel pit was located directly on the western edge of the village. A sand pit is registered north of the town center.

During the summer floods in 1854, 120 acres of Mittweider Meadows were flooded by backwater from the Schwielochsee. There was damage due to the loss of hay of 700 thalers, which, according to Berghaus, was overestimated. A school building is also mentioned for the first time in 1861. In 1864 28 houses and 257 residents were registered. There were now two windmills in the area. However, it is unclear where the second windmill was.

In 1860 the road from Beeskow to Trebatsch was completed. A road money collector's house was set up near Mittweide and from May 1, 1860, road money was raised.

The topographic map 1: 25,000 Groß Leuthen (3950) from 1903 shows a gravel pit southwest of the town. Immediately north of the town center was a sand pit. The pits are in ruins today.

Until 1849 the jurisdiction was in the hands of the manor owner. Then she came to the district court in Lübben (Spreewald). In 1878 the district court in Lübben (Spreewald) was responsible for Mittweide. From 1952 Mittweide finally belonged to the area of ​​the district court of Lübben (Spreewald). With the transfer of patrimonial jurisdiction to the district court in Lübben (Spreewald), parish and manor districts were created. In the manor district, the manor owner continued to have police power. In 1869, 1104 acres (1900: 281 ha) belonged to the municipality, and 1797 acres (1900: 460 ha) belonged to the manor district. It was not until 1929 that the parish and manor district were combined to form the community of Mittweide.

Population development from 1818 to 2000
year 1818 1846 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 2002
Residents 137 210 249 268 255 231 206 330 307 246 245 201 197 164

The old smithy on the church square has belonged to the Tornow family for seven generations. The forge is no longer in operation and is a listed building.

Mittweide on the Urmes table sheet 39 60 Groß Leuthen from 1846

Early ownership history

As already mentioned, Mittweide and Schuhlen (until 1938 Skuhlen ) mostly had a common ownership history until the 19th century. However, the property was already very much fragmented at the beginning of the 16th century. The history of the individual loan pieces, which had often become independent in the course of history, can e.g. Sometimes not reconstructed in detail. It is certain that Mittweide was owned by the v. Family at the end of the 15th century / beginning of the 16th century. Luckowin was. The V. Luckowin were originally an aristocratic family from Markbrandenburg, who had their property focus in the land of Lebus and later also in the lords of Beeskow and Storkow . Mittweide and Skuhlen as well as Sglietz probably belonged to a larger rulership complex with the main estate in Trebatsch, since all of these estates were previously divided into three. The ownership structure was further complicated by further splitting off from these thirds.

In 1528 the knight's horses and foot servants were inspected in Guben. Rentsch Luckwan, Jost Scaplo and Valten Streumen sent two foot servants to Gut Mittweide and Skuhlen for inspection, albeit entirely one gerethe , armed only with spears. Jost Scaplo is the father of the above Ludwig and Georg von Schaplow.

The possession of the von Streumen in 1527

On October 17, 1527 ( Dornstag after Galli ), Valtin Streumen received the enfeoffment with his feudal pieces: in Mittweide and Skuhlen one third of the upper and lower courts that he had bought from Georg von Luckowin, who had already died at that time, one third of the duty, which he had bought from Rentzsch von Luckowin and which had to be paid by those of dams between Leibchel and Mittweide. He had also bought Heinrich von Luckowin's share in the villages of Leibchel, Skuhlen and Sglietz, including a knight's seat in Leibchel. Valten von Streumen also owned the Ragow manor in the Beeskow lordship .

The possession of the von Schapelow family in 1538

On the Sunday after Margarethe in 1538, the brothers Ludwig and Georg von Schapelow auf Trebatsch were enfeoffed together with the following fiefs: one third of the upper and lower courts and two farmers in Mittweide, one third of the upper and lower courts in Skuhlen, and four farmers in Skuhlen and Sglietz with all belonging. In addition, they received a third of the duty to Mittweide, and the justice on the Swietensee. Her cousins ​​Bartl, Antonius and Hans zu Gussow and Franz zu Quilitz ( Neuhardenberg ) were included in the entire hand . Since there is no reference to a previous owner in the text of the loan deed, Houwald concludes that the acquisition of this share must have been a long time ago. In any case, the ownership structure very likely also applied to 1527.

The possession of those von Luckowin 1527

On October 17, 1527 ( Dornstag after Galli ) Rentzsch Lugkwan zu Mittweide was enfeoffed with his feudal pieces: a third of the upper and lower courts in Mittweide and Skuhlen, a third at the Swietensee and other lakes that belong to Skuhlen, and freedom on the Schwielochsee. His brothers and cousins, not named, were included in the entire hand. He had already sold the third part of the customs in Mittweide to Valtin Streumen. Based on the above-mentioned ownership structure, Houwald concludes that the von Luckowin family probably owned two thirds of the von Schapelow family and one third of Mittweide and Skuhlen.

Around / after 1527 the von Luckowien, von Schapelow and von Streumen families had more or less large property in Mittweide. According to the still documented sales, the von Luckowin should have owned at least two thirds of Mittweide (and Skuhlen) by the beginning of the 16th century. The further history of ownership cannot be fully reconstructed due to further divisions and splits. Ownership parts keep appearing that cannot be inserted. The family history of those von Köckritz, which followed in possession of a third, is extremely confusing and cannot be completely unraveled.

Ownership history from around the middle of the 16th century

The possession of the von Luckowin, later von Köckritz

In 1552 the Reinhard brothers and his brothers Hans, Max, Bastian and Philipp von Lukowien zu Trebatsch received a letter of fief from Landvogt Count Albrecht Schlick about the Mittweide and Skuhlen estates.As early as 1546, Landvogt Schlick allowed Reinhard von Luckowin zu Trebatsch to build a windmill in front of Mittweide .

The ownership share of Rentzsch von Luckowin seems to have passed to Nicol von Köckritz before 1562. After the death of Emperor Maximilian, he received a new fiefdom letter on August 21, 1577: about the share of Mittweide and Skuhlen, as much as Luckwin's part , a third of the Schwielochsee and other lakes belonging to Skuhlen. His brothers Joachim, Abraham, Hans and Poppo zu Drebkau and his cousin Siegmund von Köckritz auf Raakow (near Drebkau) were also enfeoffed. Nickel von Köckritz seems to have been a contentious man, because he is best known from numerous trial files. He led a lengthy process with the pastor of Trebatsch, Peter Torno, because he was not properly fulfilling his pastoral duties in Mittweide. He withheld his salary from the sexton, allegedly because he had also failed to perform his office properly. Only a little later he also got into trouble with most of his neighbors, such as the brothers Valten, Jacob, Jost and Georg von Schapelow on Trebatsch, Otto von Knoblauch on Trebatsch and Arnt von Röbel, who also had a share of Skuhlen, Biegen and Glietz and Leibchel belonged. An arbitration award was not made until 1576. He had another argument with von Schapelow in Trebatsch, both parties accused each other of plowing the fields. And finally he had a lawsuit with one of Briesen who ran the Schulzengut in Skuhlen. He had physically attacked and injured him in a dispute he was responsible for.

Nickel von Köckritz died before January 12, 1581, because on this day his sons Abraham, Joachim and the still underage Nicol von Köckritz received the feudal letter about the village Mittweide "bought as much from those v. Luckowin", one third of the upper and lower Lower courts in Mittweide, the share in the village of Skuhlen, a third of the upper and lower courts in Skuhlen, a third on the Swietensee and other lakes against Skuhlen, and all freedom and justice on the Schwielochsee. Her cousins ​​(brothers of the deceased father) Joachim, Abraham, Hans and Poppo on Drebkau and cousin Siegmund von Köckritz on Raakow (near Drebkau) were also enfeoffed. On March 7, 1582 the three brothers Abraham, Joachim and Nicol von Köckritz appeared at the office in Lübben and also formally received the fiefs or took the oath of fief. In the fraternal division of property, Abraham received the share of Mittweide and Joachim the share of Skuhlen. Nicol probably died early and before 1590, because he no longer appears in later documents. Joachim (on Skuhlen) had the sons Nicol and Christoph.

Abraham (on Mittweide) was married to Catharina von Nostiz from Tormersdorf and had sons Nicol, Joachim, Hieronymus and Christoph. His son Hieronymus von Köckritz succeeded him in the possession of Mittweide, his three brothers Nicol, Christoph and Joachim in 1629 were included in the feudal letter as co-leaners.

Abraham's son Joachim (born May 3, 1583 in Bahnsdorf, + July 5, 1635) married Anna von Schlieben in 1613, daughter of Baltzer von Schlieben on Polsnitz and Braune , and Anna von Haugwitz from Hirschstein . He was the Kurbrandenburg Privy Councilor and Chancellor of the Neumark government, and owned the Zohlow estate , the Zielenzig castle and part of Mittweide. Abraham's son Nicol von Köckritz bought his share of Skuhlen from his cousin Nicol (son of father brother Joachim).

According to Carl von Eickstedt, Nickel and Hieronymus von Köckritz zu Mittweide, Abraham's blessed sons, sat on Mittweide in 1644 . According to this, Christoph (the fourth son of Abraham) had already died before. However, Balthasar Abraham von Köckritz, son of Joachim auf Skuhlen, still had a share in Mittweide. Balthasar Abraham von Köckritz was born on November 30, 1613 in Bahnsdorf as the son of Joachim von Köckritz and Anna von Schlieben. In 1638 he married Dorothea Maria von Schönebeck in Küstrin, daughter of Hans von Schönebeck on Ringenwalde . A marriage allowance of 1,000 thalers was set.

In 1652, Georg Wilhelm von Köckritz died on Skuhlen without an heir and bequeathed his share to his cousins ​​Hieronymus and Christoph as well as Balthasar Abraham von Köckritz auf Mittweide.

The origin of a Christoph von Köckritz and married to Amalie von Drandorf is also uncertain. He could have been a son of Joachim von Köckritz on Skuhlen; he was the second son of Nicol von Köckritz the Streibaren and purchaser of Mittweide and Skuhlen. He died on February 11, 1669 and had at least one son, Hans Henning, who was married to Ursula Marianne von Luck. The couple had sons Siegmund Seifried and Christoph Erdmann as well as Sophia Juliana. In 1724 there was a fraternal division of the Skuhlen and Mittweide estates between the brothers Siegmund Seifried and Christoph Erdmann von Köckritz. Apparently the sister Sophia Juliana, married to Caspar Siegmund von Geist, felt disadvantaged because she sued her brother Siegmund Seifried. Siegmund Seifried sold his stake in Skuhlen and Mittweide as well as the loan piece Skuhlen auf dem Sand, which his father had bought, between 1742 and 1744 to Georg Anton Graf von der Schulenburg on Lieberose (see further under the Mittweide estate)

In the second half of the 17th century, the brothers Hans Siegmund and Joachim Christoph von Köckritz are also mentioned as shareholders in Mittweide. The latter died in 1690. His share probably went to Hans Siegmund, who is mentioned in Mittweide in 1692, further in 1716/18 and still in 1727.

In 1722 Hans Siegmund also bought the so-called Kruglehen zu Mittweide from Gottfried von Wolfersdorf. In 1698 there were differences between Hans Henning von Köckritz auf Skuhlen and (Hans) Siegmund von Köckritz zu Mittweide because of the occupation of the pastor's position in Trebatsch. Hans Siegmund von Köckritz had a son Karl Siegmund and three daughters Johanna Elisabeth, Anna Margarethe (both not married) and Eva Christina, married to Hans August von Schönfeld on Werben.

He was not married and after his heirless death on May 17, 1744, his share fell to the brothers Christoph Ludwig and Friedrich Rudolf von Oppen who were enfeoffed. On October 19, 1745 they made the loan.

The possession of the von Schapelow

The possession of the von Schapelow family cannot be traced easily either, especially since Houwald's description contains obvious errors. On March 17, 1578 the brothers Valten, Jacob and Jost von Schapelow as well as their underage nephew Georg, son of their late brother Hans auf Stremmen and Trebatsch received the feudal letter over two farmers and a desolate farm in Skuhlen, a third of the higher and lower courts in Skuhlen, the fishing rights on the Schwielochsee and a third of the customs to Mittweide. The four brothers were the sons of Ludwig von Schapelow, who in 1538 had been enfeoffed with Skuhlen and Mittweide together with his brother Georg. Ludwig von Schapelow had four sons, from his first marriage with an NN. the son Hans († 1576 on Groß Mehßow ), from the second marriage with an NN. von Schönfeld's sons Valten († 1591), Jacob († 1609) and Jobst (married to Anna von der Zauche, daughter of Christoph von der Zauche on Lamsfeld ) and four daughters, of whom Anna was married to Christoph von Birkholz on Markgrafpieske . The three other daughters are not (for sure) known by name. Agnes von Schapelow, married to NN, was also very likely. von Bernheim and mother of Friedrich von Bernheim auf Saßleben a daughter of Ludwig von Schapelow. Jacob von Scaplo had his seat in Trebatsch. During the inspection of the knight's horses in 1583, together with Otto von Knobloch and Hanß von Minckwitz, he provided two knight horses for the Trebatsch estate.

Apparently the Mittweide and Skuhlen inheritance fell to Georg von Schapelow, the son of the eldest son Hans von Ludwig, who died early. He too died early (before 1598) and so the share of Mittweide and Skuhlen fell to his cousin Ludwig, son of Jobst / Jost von Schapelow and Anna von der Zauche auf Stremmen. Ludwig also had a brother Christoph, who was matriculated at the University of Frankfurt (Oder) in 1600, but was referred to as non compos mentis in 1620 . he also had a sister NN. who was married to Johann von Hobeck on Sarkow . Ludwig married on November 22, 1595 with Barbara von Wiedebach, daughter of the electoral Brandenburg council, court marshal and chancellor Nickel von Wiedebach auf Stradow and Jessen . In the feudal letter of September 9, 1598 for Ludwig and his brother Christoph, who was still underage at the time, the loan piece is described as follows: two farmers in Mittweide, the Skuhlen Vorwerk with two cottages, a desolate farm, a third in the upper and lower courts and one Third at the Trebatsch customs, which Rentz von Luckowin had bought. With the inheritance divisions under the Schapelows, the loan pieces had apparently been further reduced and for a short time had their own history. Ludwig von Schapelow's marriage to Anna von Wiedebach remained childless. In 1631 the loan piece was owned by Joachim Ernst von Knobloch, who sold it to his brother Siegmund on January 31, 1631. It must have previously been in the possession of Zacharias von Knobloch, who was enfeoffed with it on July 12, 1622. The von Knobloch family also came into possession of von Streumen's share, although it is no longer possible to determine in detail which loan piece arose from which of the three original shares.

The possession of those of Streumen

In 1538 Friedrich von Streumen the Younger was enfeoffed with the village of Groß Leine , which his father Friedrich the Elder had bought from Georg von der Zauche, as well as with everything his father had for farmers, fields and grounds, including one Third of the upper and lower courts, the third part of the Swietensee and other lakes belonging to Skuhlen and the justice on the Schwielochsee as well as the third part of the customs in Mittweide, which he had bought from Rencz Luckwan. Frederick the Younger was probably the nephew of Valten von Streumen, mentioned in 1527. In 1544 Friedrich von Streumen sold his stake in Mittweide (one third), his third in Skuhlen and the third part of the customs in Mittweide to Ernst and Otto von Knobloch zu Trebatsch, who on March 15, 1544 and again on April 17, 1545 the fief received from Bailiff Schlick. Her cousins ​​Lorenz, Arnt, Hans, Joachim and Klaus die Knobloch zu Pessin and Ferchesar were also lent . Two years earlier, in 1542, Friedrich von Streumen had bought the two villages of Pretschen and Wittmannsdorf .

On October 1, 1578, another Otto von Knobloch received the enfeoffment of Skuhlen and Mittweide. His brothers Georg, Siegmund, Ernst, Wolf and Eustach von Knobloch, who could only have been the sons of one of the Knoblochs enfeoffed in 1548, Ernst or Otto, were also enfeoffed. As a result, this loan piece was divided up further, such as the Skuhlen Vorwerk and the Mittweide Kruggut, which was treated as a separate loan piece for a long time after the Thirty Years War.

On July 12, 1622, Zacharias von Knobloch auf Trebatsch was enfeoffed with the Vorwerk in Skuhlen and a share of Mittweide. He was certainly a descendant of Otto or one of his brothers. After the death of Zacharias, who died without a physical heir, his brothers Joachim Ernst and Siegmund were enfeoffed with Vorwerk Skuhlen and part Mittweide on January 12, 1629. On January 31, 1632 Joachim Ernst von Knobloch sold the Trebatsch estate with the Schuhlen Vorwerk and Mittweide share to his brother Siegmund. When Siegmund von Knobloch auf Trebatsch and Anna Magdalena von Pannewitz von Klein Gaglau ( Klein Gaglow near Cottbus, now part of Kolkwitz ), a daughter of Wolf von Pannewitz and Anna Maria von Ponikau, married in 1643, a marriage allowance of 1400 thalers fixed.

After the destruction of the Thirty Years War, at least some of the small loan pieces were reunited. It must also be expected that some of the loan pieces, often just interest on farms, were not rebuilt.

The acquis in the middle of the 18th century

The strong fragmentation of the shares and the partial reunification of the shares after the Thirty Years' War meant that essentially two shares were left in Mittweide. Smaller shares (one farmer each) were still associated with shares in the Kruggut in Skuhlen, which is not considered further here.

The Mittweide pitcher

In the first half of the 17th century, the Mittweide Kruggut emerged from the various ownership shares. It is mentioned for the first time on December 20, 1638 when Georg Kurt von Knobloch first received a letter of courtesy, then also the feudal letter from the Landvogt von Promnitz about the pitcher at Mittweide, which fell to him in the cousin division. The jug in Mittweide was initially an accessory to a Trebatsch share. Georg Kurt had inherited the jug as the fürde theill (fourth part) from an inheritance that his cousin Zacharias von Knoblauch had left when he died. The jug in Mittweide certainly existed before, but it was never mentioned separately. Siegmund von Knobloch on Trebatsch and the brothers Wolf and Hans Ernst on Pessin and Ferchesar, the sons of the late Friedrich von Knobloch, were also enfeoffed. Georg Kurt von Knobloch was married to Catharina Elisabeth von Kracht. Mülverstedt lists two marriage foundations with the same date November 11, 1645, one over 530 thalers and one over 535 thalers. The second entry was confirmed on June 20, 1660. Georg Kurt von Knobloch died early on January 31, 1661 leaving two underage sons, Hans Siegmund and Curt Otto, who were under the guardianship of Nicol von Maltitz on Wolfersdorf ( Wulfersdorf ) came. In 1671, Hans Siegmund sought his father's fiefdom, also on behalf of his brother. Both brothers were in military service, Curt Otto died in Hungary in 1678 and Hans Siegmund in Brabant that same year . The latter was married to Anna Juliane von Pentzig, with whom he had two daughters and their son Hans Christoph, who at the time of his early death was still underage and died soon after his father. The daughter Catharina Elisabeth married Hans Jochen von Hobeck and Elisabeth Juliane married Christoph Siegmund von Bomsdorf. The cousins ​​who were enfeoffed had not properly obeyed the fiefdom, and so the fiefdom fell back to the then sovereign Duke Christian von Sachsen-Merseburg as a completed fiefdom . The pitcher in Mittweide was still associated with a share in Trebatsch; However, this share belonged to the Mark Brandenburg and was therefore not given to Duke Christian. This property was leased.

1679 mother of Hans Siegmund, Catharina Elisabeth asked by Kracht, who had managed the estate after the death of her husband Georg Kurt, and their widowed daughter Anna Juliane von Pentzig to the provision of lehnfälligen Krug good to Mittweide in usufruct and as Weiberlehn . At this time, however, the jug was deserted, the buildings had fallen into disrepair and it had not been brewed for 50 years, it was reported. The estate included three Hufen Landes, on which no more than three to four cows, three oxen, two horses and three calves could be kept, since there were no meadows. At that time the jug was rented out and brought in 22 bushels of grain, one Malter oat and 10 thalers service money.

After repeated submissions, also due to the unclear circumstances about the marriage money that was on the Kruggut and the renovation costs, Duke Christian finally granted the request in 1682 and left Catharina Elisabeth von Kracht, her four daughters, daughter-in-law Anna Juliane von Pentzig and their two Daughters the Kruggut zu Mittweide for life. After the death of the last named, however, the property should fall back to the rent chamber of his duchy. Before 1682, however, two daughters of Catharina Elisabeth had died. She also asked for the free transfer of the house in Mittweide, which was built at her own expense and independently of the Kruggut. In 1698, von Bredow appeared as a co-lean at the Kruggut in Mittweide. In 1702 Catharina Elisabeth von Kracht and her two daughters apparently died, because on July 1, 1702 Anna Juliane von Pentzig, widowed von Knobloch and now remarried von Maltitz (with Joachim Ernst von Maltitz) and her two daughters the usufruct right at the Kruggut Mittweide to Colonel Sergeant Ulrich Gottfried von Wolfersdorf, Governor of Neuzauche, against payment of 400 guilders. Friedrich Gottfried von Wolfersdorf was co-sponsored.

In 1722 Hans Siegmund von Köckritz bought the so-called Kruglehen or Kruggut zu Mittweide from Gottfried von Wolfersdorf. On January 18, 1724, Georg Erdmann von Oppen received a courtesy certificate because of the loan from the Lehnkrug von Mittweide. Another co-loanee was his presumed brother Heinrich (Hans) Friedrich von Oppen. Hans Siegmund von Köckritz probably died in 1731. On January 17, 1732, his son Karl Siegmund was enfeoffed with the Mittweide Kruggut. He also had a full hand in the Skuhlen auf dem Sande stake. On May 17, 1744 Karl Siegmund died completely unexpectedly without a physical heir. The jug property would now have passed to the co-feuders Georg Erdmann and Heinrich Friedrich von Oppen, the latter had already died and Georg Erdmann died in 1745 and could no longer receive the loan. Half of the fief went to the four sons of Georg Erdmann von Oppen (Joachim Erdmann, Georg Friedrich, Johann Niclas and Gottfried Ulrich) and half to the two sons of Heinrich Friedrich von Oppen, Christoph Ludwig and Friedrich Rudolf. Major Christoph Ludwig and his brother Friedrich Rudolf swore the feudal oath on October 19, 1745 for the half owed to them. The sons of Georg Erdmann, the major Georg Friedrich, the captain Joachim Erdmann and the lieutenant Johann Niclas only took the feudal oath on October 18, 1752. The fourth brother Gottfried Ulrich had not reported. On December 1, 1756, the von Oppen received a joint loan letter from the Saxon Elector Friedrich August II (as the Polish King August III). Christoph Ludwig had since died and his two sons Moritz Ludwig and Friedrich Rudolf had taken his place. In the meantime Eva Christina von Schönfeld (née von Köckritz) had taken possession of the fief. With the fiefdom of 1756 the last legal doubts were dispelled and the von Oppen sold the Kruggut Mittweide on March 21, 1757 to Georg von Maltitz for repurchase. Probably the other cousins ​​von Oppen were not very interested in the relatively small fiefdom, in any case only Moritz Ludwig received further fiefdoms on July 8th, 1761 and on April 27th, 1765. In the same year he sold the Mittweide Kruggut to Georg Graf von the Schulenburg, which was enfeoffed on November 10, 1767 with the share. This (male) fiefdom was also converted into an inheritance in 1777 together with the Kruggut in Skuhlen and a further share in Mittweide, which he had also acquired.

From 1757 to 1763, Georg Anton Graf von der Schulenburg led a legal dispute with Georg von Maltitz, the leaseholder of Schlepzig and pledge holder of the jug property, who allegedly assumed shepherding at the jug property in Mittweide.

The pitcher part Skuhlen

The so-called pitcher portion in Skuhlen, the greater part of which was in Skuhlen, also had a portion in Mittweide (two farmers). Ernst Abraham von Stutterheim bought this loan share around 1754 and sold it to Count Georg Anton von der Schulenburg in 1765.

Georg Anton von der Schulenburg (1706–1778)

The Mittweide genome

The older ownership history is already described in the chapter The possession of those von Luckowin, later von Köckritz. Because of the verifiably quite small jug property (3 hooves), the much larger portion of Mittweide, which was originally divided into three thirds, must have been concentrated in this so-called genetic material.

Georg Anton Graf von der Schulenburg auf Lieberose acquired this share in 1744 from the inheritance of Karl Siegmund von Köckritz, who died childless. Between 1744 and 1748 this part was converted by Mittweide into an allodium. From 1757 to 1763 he led a legal dispute with Georg von Maltitz, the tenant of Schlenzig and temporary lien holder of the Mittweide jug, who allegedly had assumed the sheep herding at the Mittweide jug. In 1767 Schulenburg was also able to acquire the Kruggut in Mittweide from the von Oppen and the pledge holder Georg von Maltitz. In the same year he also bought the Kruggut in Skuhlen (with which a small portion of Mittweide was connected) and the portion of Skuhlen auf dem Sande from Ernst Abraham von Stutterheim. With that, all of Mittweide and Skuhlen's shares were reunited in one hand. These shares were also converted into inheritance.

After the unification of the property shares (after 1767)

Georg Anton von der Schulenburg did not manage his property in Mittweide and Skuhlen himself, of course, but hired a tenant, a certain Dommel, who probably died in 1763. In 1763 there was a lawsuit because he prematurely released the heirs of the tenant Dommel from the lease. 1772 was a Johann Carl Schwattke, tenant of the goods schools (Skuhlen) and Mittweide.

After the death of Georg Anton on December 6th, 1778 there was an inheritance dispute over the huge property (including the Lieberose class , Leuthen class , Lamsfeld property and various other villages). Georg Anton married the allodial goods to the children of his sister Sofie Henriette. Bequeathed to Countess von Podewils . The fiefdoms were to go to the von der Schulenburg family.

Mittweide and Skuhlen as allodial property came to the children of his late sister Sofie Henriette von der Schulenburg, married von Podewils. Apparently the three Podewils' heirs (Friedrich Werner, Carl Ernst Georg and Sofie Christina Dorothea) came to an agreement. In the inheritance that followed in 1779 among the Podewils heirs, Carl Ernst Georg Graf von Podewils received the villages of Mittweide, Mochlitz and Skuhlen for 19,000 thalers. In 1780 the different proportions of Mittweide and Skuhlen were assessed. The Mittweide estate 10,000 Taler, the Mittweide Kruggut 3,300 Taler, the Kruggut Skuhlen 4,800 Taler, so-called Kottwitz share of Skuhlen and Köckritz share of Skuhlen, no information. Carl Ernst Georg Graf von Podewils died on June 3, 1789 without a physical heir. The two siblings Friedrich Werner and Sofie Christina Dorothea inherited his share, for which they received the inheritance letter on March 16, 1790. By comparing the inheritance of the two siblings, Mittweide and Skuhlen passed to his sister Sofie Christina Dorothea. Sofie Christina Dorothea died on August 14, 1802. Heir was divorced from Berg through an inheritance comparison between the two children from the second marriage, August Ferdinand Graf von Haeseler and Friederike Caroline. Through a comparison of inheritance, Mittweide and Skuhlen fell to August Ferdinand Graf von Haeseler. Presumably around 1800 the property was reorganized and in this comparison of inheritance the name Rittergüter for Mittweide and Skuhlen appears for the first time.

The Mittweide and Schuhlen manor was founded in 1821 by Count Friedrich August Leopold v. Bought for 40,000 thalers. He was married to Caroline Friederike Freiin von Reitzenstein. In 1828 the heirs of the Minister Count von Beust are named as the owners of Mittweide. Heiress was his daughter Caroline Christiane Luise Flavie Countess v. Beust. She was married to Carl August Wilhelm Heinrich Herrmann von Staff called von Reitzenstein, who after Berghaus had been the owner of the two manors since 1842.

On April 4, 1844, Carl August Wilhelm Heinrich Herrmann von Staff called von Reitzenstein sold the Mittweide and Skuhlen manors to Eugen Friedrich Wilhelm Schmiel; the purchase price was 46,000 thalers. According to Berghaus, the manor in Mittweide in 1853 had a size of 1792 acres . Of this, 963 acres were in fields, 94 acres in meadows and 336 acres in forest. The estimate for Mittweide was 500 thalers.

In 1856 the estate in Mittweide was leased to a bailiff Koeber. Rauer mentions Eugen Friedrich Wilhelm Schmiel as the owner of the two manors for 1857.

For 1861, Riehl and Scheu name an owner of Bomsdorf, while Adolf Frantz (1863) calls him S. von Bornsdorf . It is about a Baron von Bomsdorf.

The general address book from 1879 names Heinrich Wallach (1836–1904) as the owner of the two manors. A distillery and a brick factory belonged to the Mittweide manor. The size is given as 454.18 ha, of which 283.80 ha were arable, 31.66 ha were meadows, 21.67 ha Hutung and 117.05 ha were forest. The property tax net income is estimated at 2136.54. However, he is likely to have bought the two manors before 1864, as he is documented as the owner of Mittweide as early as 1864. He started as a fire police superintendent in 1864. He was married to Mathilde Siegfried. 1896 is listed under the heading of breeding special cattle breeds Swiss cattle. In 1903 the two manors became the property of the Royal Prussian House Fide Commission. In 1929 Mittweide and Skuhlen were state domains. After the war the estate was divided. In Mittweide the LPG Type I "40th Anniversary" Mittweide was formed

The pitcher in Mittweide

In 1679, the state elder from Zittwitz reported that the buildings of the so-called Kruggut had been in ruins for almost 50 years, but in the past it was actually a mug with brewing rights. It was also a break for the wagoners on the road from Frankfurt to Lübben. There is also no longer a stable for the carters' horses. According to this description, the pitcher can only have been located on the B 87, which in Mittweide is called Lübbener Straße.

Later, however, another jug ​​was established in Mittweide. On August 7, 1836, the Haaschesche Kruggut in Mittweide burned down. It was rebuilt and is still the village tavern today.

Political Affiliation

Mittweide belongs to Lower Lusatia , and became a border town after the lordships of Beeskow and Storkow were detached from Lower Lusatia and their annexation to the Mark Brandenburg in the middle of the 16th century. Within the Lower Lusatia it was included in the Krumspree district , also called the Lübbenscher district in the 18th century. After Niederlausitz passed to Prussia in 1815, Mittweide remained in the Lübben district . With the district reform of 1872/74, administrative districts were formed in the districts. Mittweide was assigned to the district 10 Zaue, together with Zaue, Skuhlen, Ressen and Guhlen. Head of office was the manor owner on Mittweide Heinrich Wallach, his deputy Freiherr Ernst Otto von Houwald on Leibchel.

Even after the first district reform in 1950 in what was then the GDR, Mittweide initially remained in the newly cut Lübben district. With the second, comprehensive district reform and the formation of the districts in the GDR, Mittweide came to the Beeskow district in the Frankfurt (Oder) district . The circle Beeskow was after the fall of 1990, in the district Beeskow renamed.

In 1992 Mittweide was assigned to the Tauche / Trebatsch office by a ministerial resolution in accordance with Section 1 (4) of the official regulations. In 1993, the district of Beeskow, together with the districts of Eisenhüttenstadt and Fürstenwalde and the independent city of Eisenhüttenstadt, formed the new district of Oder-Spree. In 1994 the Tauche / Trebatsch office was renamed Tauche Office . On December 31, 2001, the communities of Briescht , Falkenberg , Giesensdorf , Görsdorf (near Beeskow), Kossenblatt , Lindenberg , Mittweide, Ranzig , Tauche , Trebatsch and Werder / Spree merged to form the new community of Tauche. In 2003 Stremmen was added and the Tauche Office was dissolved. Mittweide has been part of the Tauche community since 2001. In the district, a local advisory board consisting of three members is elected, who elect the mayor from among their ranks. The mayor is (2018) Dr. Kerstin Mettke.

Church affiliation

Mittweide already had its own church in the late Middle Ages and was a daughter church of Trebatsch in the 18th century. In 1818 Mittweide was the mother church in Sedes Beeskow. In 1840 and 1864 it was again a daughter church of Trebatsch. Today the parish Mittweide with Schuhlen belongs to the district of Groß Leuthen-Zaue in the Evangelical Church District of Niederlausitz.

Monuments and sights

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the Oder-Spree district lists the following architectural and ground monuments.

Architectural monuments

Mittweide village church
Village blacksmiths

Soil monuments

  • No. 90796 Corridor 1: a settlement from the Bronze Age
  • No. 90797 Corridor 1: modern village center, German medieval village center
  • No. 90798 Corridor 1: Bronze Age settlement, Stone Age settlement

Leisure and Tourism

The fire brigade in Mittweide, founded in 1929, is very active. Mardi Gras is traditionally celebrated in Mittweide. The Landfrauenverein Oder-Spree eV has a local group Ranzig-Mittweide.

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 3, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855. ( (online at Google Books) ) (in the following abbreviated Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with corresponding page number)
  • Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. Creutz, Magdeburg 1840. (In the following Eickstedt, Landbuch with corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr v. Houwald: The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0 .
  • Rudolf Lehmann: Sources on the history of Niederlausitz. Volume 2, Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Vienna 1972, ISBN 3-412-05175-6 . (In the following, abbreviated Lehmann, Quellen, Volume 2 with the corresponding page number and certificate number)
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 . (hereinafter abbreviated Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1, with corresponding page number)
  • George Adalbert von Mülverstedt (Hrsg.): Collection of marriage foundations and personal commemorative letters of knightly families of the provinces of Saxony, Brandenburg, Pomerania and Prussia. Magdeburg 1863. (hereinafter abbreviated to Mülverstedt, collection of marriage foundations, with corresponding page number).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Mittweide on the site of the municipality of Tauche
  2. ↑ a b c Lehmann, Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1, pp. 204–205.
  3. ↑ Ernst Eichler: The place names of Niederlausitz. 1st edition. VEB Domowina publishing house, Bautzen 1975 (p. 116.)
  4. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district Frankfurth ad O, Berlin, G. Hayn 1820.
  5. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O., Public Gazette No. 33 of August 16, 1854, p. 629.
  6. ↑ measuring table sheet 2182 Groß Leuthen from 1903
  7. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district Frankfurt ad O, Frankfurt a. O., Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, 1844 (online at Google Books)
  8. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch, 3, p. 134 (online at Google Books) .
  9. ↑ a b Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. VIII, J. Scheu, Berlin 1861. (online at Google Books) (p.637)
  10. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., 1867 (online at Google Books) .
  11. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, Item 17 of April 27, 1860, p. 145/6 (online at Google Books)
  12. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics, Historical Community Directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 Dahme-Spreewald District (PDF) ( Memento of the original from October 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.brandenburg.de
  13. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: Copy of the Lehns- und Leibgedingebriefe, issued by Landvogt Count Albrecht Schlick. In it: including Reinhard von Lukowien and his brothers Hans, Max, Bastian and Philipp zu Trebatsch on the Mittweide and Skuhlen estates, 1552.
  14. ↑ Lehmann, Quellen, Volume 2, p. 233, No. 259.
  15. ↑ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 282 (online at Google Books)
  16. ^ Mülverstedt, Collection of Marriage Foundations, p. 191 (online at Google Books) .
  17. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: dispute between Sophia Juliana von Geist and her husband Caspar Siegmund von Geist and Siegmund Seifried von Köckritz because of the brotherly legacy. Contains, among other things: Agreement on the division of the Skuhlen and Mittweide goods between the brothers Siegmund Seifried and Christoph Erdmann von Köckritz, 1724. 1741
  18. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: Widow Katherine Elisabeth v. Knobloch born v. Crash against Hans Sigismund v. Köckritz on Mittweide because of the required clamping services and border differences. 1692-1694
  19. ↑ Hans Siegmund v. Köckritz on Mittweide against the widow vd Schulenburg on Lieberose because of fishing and shooting on the Schwieloch lake and the Mobug lake. 1716-1718. Brandenburg State Main Archive: Online research
  20. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: Differences between Hans Henning v. Köckritz and Hans Siegmund v. Köckritz on Skuhlen and Mittweide because of the occupation of the parish office in Trebatsch (Beeskow-Storkow district) and Mittweide. 1698
  21. ↑ Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitzer manors and their owners. Volume VII Kottbus District. Verlag Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 2001, ISBN 3-7686-4206-2 , p. 229 (Houwald calls the woman Margarethe von Köckritz from Mittweide).
  22. ↑ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 95 (online at Google Books) (p. 95)
  23. ^ Lehmann, Quellen, Volume 2, p. 173, No. 135.
  24. ↑ Lehmann, Quellen, Volume 2, p. 222, No. 217.
  25. ↑ Lehmann, Quellen, Volume 2, p. 227, No. 234.
  26. ^ Mülverstedt, Collection of Marriage Foundations, p. 295 (online at Google Books) .
  27. ^ Mülverstedt, Collection of Marriage Foundations, p. 120 (online at Google Books) .
  28. ^ Mülverstedt, Collection of Marriage Foundations, p. 250 (online at Google Books) .
  29. ^ Mülverstedt, Collection of Marriage Foundations, p. 129 (online at Google Books) .
  30. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: Mittweide: Request from Catharina Elisabeth von Knobloch born. von Kracht and her daughter-in-law Anna Juliane von Knobloch born. von Pentzig because of the loan of the loaned jug at Mittweide for usufruct. Settlement and lease agreement between Catharina Elisabeth von Knobloch born. von Kracht and her sons Hans Siegmund and Kurt Otto von Knobloch about the Trebatsch estate. 1679
  31. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: on Bredow: The von Bredow family shares in the estates of Groß Mehßow and Frauenberg as well as the Lehnskrug zu Mittweide. 1698-1729.
  32. ↑ Alexander Freiherr von Dachenhausen: von Maltitz. Genealogical paperback of the primitive nobility, 2: 360–377, Brno, 1893, p. 362.
  33. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: ... Contains, among other things: Belief of Friedrich Gottfried von Wolfersdorf am Lehnkrug zu Mittweide. 1709
  34. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: von Wolfersdorf: Ulrich Gottfried von Wolfersdorf shares in the property Bornsdorf, Riedebeck, Grünswalde and Trebbinchen. Co-loan from Friedrich Gottfried von Wolfersdorf am Lehnkrug zu Mittweide. 1668-1709
  35. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: von Oppen: Mutschein for Georg Erdmann von Oppen because of the loan from the Lehnkrug von Mittweide. January 18, 1724
  36. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: The genetic transformation of the pitcher portion belonging to Count von der Schulenburg and a farmer zu Mittweide and the pitcher zu Skuhlen. 1777
  37. ^ A b Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: Georg Anton Graf vd Schulenburg on Lieberose and Mittweide against Georg v. Maltitz, tenant on Schlepzig, because of presumptuous sheep herding at the jug in Mittweide. 1757-1763
  38. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: Litigation matters of Count Georg Anton von der Schulenburg. including the litigation of Georg Anton von der Schulenburg against the Dommel's heirs in Mittweide because of early lease dismissal, 1763.
  39. ^ Litigation matters of Count Georg Anton von der Schulenburg. In it, among other things: ... litigation of Georg Anton von der Schulenburg against the Dommel's heirs in Mittweide because of early lease dismissal, 1763.
  40. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: Dispute between Johann Carl Schwattke, leaseholder of the schools (Skuhlen) and Mittweide, against Johann Poetzsch, manager of Buderose, because of unpaid court costs. 1772-17738
  41. ↑ a b Berghaus, Landbuch, 3, p. 673 (online at Google Books) .
  42. ↑ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 509 (online at Google Books)
  43. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch 3, p. 674 (online at Google Books) .
  44. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O., Extraordinary Supplement to Official Gazette No..41 of October 8, 1856, p. 20 (online at Google Books)
  45. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the knight estates represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. Self-published by Rauer, Berlin 1857 Online at Heinrich Heine University and State Library, Düsseldorf , p. 112.
  46. ^ Adolf Frantz: General register of lordships, knights and other goods of the Prussian monarchy with information on the area, yield, property tax, owner, purchase and tax prices. Verlag der Gsellius'schen Buchhandlung, Berlin 1863, p. 96.
  47. ^ Otto zu Stolberg-Wernigerode: New German biography. Volume 4: Dittel-Falck. Bavarian Academy of Sciences. Historical commission. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, p. 143.
  48. ↑ a b Paul Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and estate owners in the German Empire. With details of the properties, their size (in Culturart), their net income from property tax, their tenants, branches of industry and post offices. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery The Province of Brandenburg. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, (PDF) , pp. 236–237.
  49. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O., Public Gazette No. 9 of March 2, 1854, p. 63 (online at Google Books)
  50. ↑ Paul Ellerholz, Ernst Kirstein, Traugott Müller, W. Gerland, Georg Volger: Handbuch des Grundbesitzes im Deutschen Reiche. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 3rd improved edition. Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin 1896, pp. 94/95.
  51. ^ Ernst Kirstein (editor): Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery to the province of Brandenburg. 4th improved edition. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin 1903, pp. 92/93.
  52. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Online research: Fire of the Haascheschen Kruggut in Mittweide on Aug. 7, 1836. 1836–1837
  53. ↑ a b Municipality of Tauche ... on both sides of the Spree between Beeskow and Unterspreewald (PDF)
  54. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, Extraordinary Supplement to Item 18. of May 6, 1874, p. 2 (online at Google Books)
  55. ↑ Main statutes of the Tauche municipality of March 16, 2009 (PDF)
  56. ↑ Sprengel Zaue
  57. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Oder-Spree (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum

annotation

  1. ↑ Houwald already notes that there is no Kottwitz family in the ownership history of Mittweide, which means that this is a mistake.