Mourad Kusserow

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Mourad Kusserow (born May 7, 1939 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf ; † May 2019 ) was a German journalist and author who worked from 1960 to 1962 as a member of the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) and its military arm, the Algerian National Liberation Army (ALN ) stayed in Morocco. He worked for Si Mustapha-Müller in the repatriation service for foreign legionaries . After returning from North Africa, he worked as an editor for Deutsche Welle from September 1965 to autumn 1994 and also published numerous articles in the German and foreign press. He also appeared as a book author.

Childhood and youth in the Soviet zone of occupation and in the GDR

Kusserow was born with the German first name Ulrich. During the Second World War, the father was a soldier, the mother lived with her four children on their parents' farm in the Oderbruch . In January 1945 they fled from there to Frankenhausen in West Saxony before the advancing Red Army . This place remained Kusserow's home until 1954.

Frankenhausen was occupied by the US Army towards the end of World War II . The father, who had returned from the war and who had emigrated to America for some time in the 1920s, made himself available to the Americans as an interpreter. When they withdrew at the end of June 1945 and left the area to the Russians, the family was faced with the question of moving to the West. This failed, as did later considerations, due to the resistance of the mother, who, due to the previous refugee experiences, did not want to change location again.

Kusserow describes the life of him and his family in the following years as a life in a kind of inner emigration . The family lived in silent opposition to the SED state , always listened to the RIAS , but otherwise remained largely inconspicuous in order not to offend. Only once was the family's happiness badly shaken when the father, a worker, was forced to work in the uranium mining of Bismut for two years .

Kusserow also survived his school days by always trying to meet the expectations of the system and to hide his own thoughts. He succeeded so well that in 1953 he was allowed to attend high school. Kusserow read a lot, dear Heinrich Heine , but one book from his early years was of particular importance to him. In December 1950 he got his hands on Meyer's phrasebook Arabic from his father's bookcase, which appeared around 1900 . He appropriated the book and copied the Arabic characters.

“They were strange, puzzling signs, and I didn't know that something had broken out in me, but an indefinite longing for the Orient took root in my subconscious. But when I made the strange acquaintance with the Arabic dictionary, it didn't even remotely occur to me that I was at the beginning of a long road that would lead me to North Africa. [..] I don't know when the transition from the initial enthusiasm to that great, insatiable southern longing for Arabia and Islam took place. "

- Mourad Kusserow : Make it over ... , p. 84

The spring of 1954 then led to radical changes. Her mother died on May 1st at the age of fifty-three. A few days later, Kusserow turned fifteen, and shortly afterwards, to his own surprise, he was given the opportunity to travel with the local FDJ delegation to the second youth meeting in Germany from June 5 to 7, 1954 in East Berlin. The previously latently cherished idea of ​​escape promised to become reality. Kusserow used the afternoon of June 5 on an illegal excursion to West Berlin. At the Zoo station , he met a stand of the Union of European Youth , which was promoting a Europe without national borders. One of the people who approached Kusserow here and supplied him with refreshments and sandwiches was Winfried Müller, who later became Si Mustapha-Müller .

Kusserow returned to East Berlin unharmed and repeated the visit to his new acquaintances the next day. He returned again, now determined to venture west. On June 7, he took part in the big demonstration in front of the GDR superiors and also witnessed a daring anti-communist leaflet campaign initiated by Rainer Hildebrandt - one of Kusserow's subsequent mentors. On June 8th, the day of his return home, Kusserow took the decisive step. He left the GDR with the S-Bahn heading west. Meyer's phrasebook Arabic was one of the few things he took with him, and this book stayed with him all his life.

The years 1954 to 1959

It is unclear where the fifteen-year-old found refuge after his unprepared escape to West Berlin. Kusserow does not provide any further information, but mentions Hildebrandt's “Villa am Schlachtensee, where I temporarily stayed”, and there is a lot to suggest that the contact there came about through his acquaintance from the Zoo station, Winfried Müller, who was there in 1954/55 as well lived. There Kusserow had the opportunity to get to know a colorful mix of secret service people and anti-communists, and says that most of the people who "crossed his paths" in West Berlin at that time [...] were victims of Hitlerism or Stalinism, some of them victims of both totalitarian regimes ”. It was in this environment that he met Margarete Buber-Neumann .

Kusserow soon found family connections again. A few months after him, his father had also left the GDR together with his two other sons (one more child, a daughter remained in the GDR). The meeting of the Kusserows in West Berlin led to a change of location in June 1955: the family moved to Baden-Württemberg. Before that, Kusserow had one more significant experience for the rest of his life. Winfrid Müller, Si Ahmed, had been in France in the meantime and returned to the villa in Nikolassee at the beginning of December 1954 as an envoy for the FLN. "From his mouth we learned the first details about the war that had just started in Algeria." This lecture fell on fertile ground with Kusserow, who attested to himself an endless interest in North Africa.

“It was inevitable that I decided to take part in the fight against French colonialism on the spot. My political engagement was undoubtedly due to the anti-fascist upbringing in the GDR, but also to the moral obligation to take sides with all oppressed and enslaved, with the weak and defenseless. I didn't want to sit and watch as a system of oppression and inhumanity trampled the North Africans' desire for freedom ... "

- Mourad Kusserow : Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 13

Before that, however, there was a visit to the Friedrich-Schiller-Gymnasium in Ludwigsburg , accompanied by the constant effort to stay up to date on the events in North Africa. He found support in this through his correspondence with the FLN, which - Kusserow speaks here from 1957 - "recently started from Tetouan [..] to provide the international public, especially the German-language press, with information material". At that time, Kusserow was apparently still in contact with Si Ahmed / Müller, who had been in charge of the repatriation service in Tetouan since October 1956 and carried out the aforementioned press work, and in fact Kusserow referred to himself as the "dead mailbox", the repeatedly press material from Tetouan received and sent.

On March 15, 1958, when Kusserow had just received another mail from the FLN, it was his last day of school at the high school in Ludwigsburg. Due to bad grades, he had to leave it with the secondary school leaving certificate, which did not bother him. “North Africa was no longer a mirage. I wanted to be a journalist. ” Ernest Hemingway was his role model. In June 1958, shortly after Charles de Gaulle came to power, he even received a letter from Tetouan, in which he was asked to be ready for a direct assignment in France or North Africa.

In order to obey this request and to be able to leave the country, Kusserow would have needed a passport, which he was denied. Due to unclear entries in the baptismal register, there were doubts about his nationality. This bureaucratic insanity only ended when he volunteered for the Bundeswehr, which accepted him as a German without further verification. On October 6, 1958, he began his training in Bogen in Lower Bavaria , and four months later, Kusserow's basic training was over. When he was released, he received a military service pass that certified that he was German. Nothing stood in the way of applying for a passport.

On March 1, 1959, Kusserow received a telegram from Si Ahmed / Müller, in which he asked him to come to Bonn immediately. He learned that he was intended for classic porter tasks and immediately met Mouloud Kassem (1927–1990), Peter Blachstein and, shortly before his murder on March 3, 1959, Georg Puchert know. He does not give any further information about 1959, but at the end of the year it was clear that he should leave for Morocco. The luggage again included Meyer's phrase book Arabic , and the phone number of the FLN office in Tetouan was noted on the inside of his leather watch strap.

In the service of the FLN

Kusserow's journey through France and Spain finally led him to the Villa Dar Brixa in the Tetouaner Straße Triq Oued-Laou , where the Algerian FLN office was located, “which not only took care of the repatriation of deserted and prisoners of war, but also of the order had to establish contacts with political parties, trade unions and mass media in Europe for the ALN ”.

The repatriation service had a mailbox with the number 399, known throughout Europe, through which the correspondence was handled. One of Kusserow's tasks, who was given the nom de guerre Mourad right after his arrival and who later also had this legalized in Germany, was to pick up the mail from the post office box in the morning and to carry out German correspondence. The names that Kusserow mentions lead deep into the West German porter scene: Hans-Jürgen Wischnewski , Gert von Paczensky , Werner Plum , Klaus Vack , Bernt Engelmann , Peter Rullmann, Helmut Neukirch, Josef Rosenthal from the DGB Offenbach am Main and Werner Freisewinkel from IG Metall in Bochum. Neukirch, Rosenthal and Freisewinkel also stayed in Tetouan in October 1960, together with the correspondent for the Frankfurter Rundschau , Roland Oertel.

Kusserow not only served the West German supporters of Algerian independence; his work was also valued in the GDR, as Heinz Odermann, formerly Radio Berlin International , recalled:

“For us in the Arab editorial office, Tetouan, PO Box 399, was an important address for a long time. The editors of the programs received the material from Ulrich Kusserow, the refugee from the GDR, the Alemani, the German in the FLN and in the Algerian Liberation Army (ALN), which gave him the name Mourad. He did an exemplary job. 4111 Foreign Legionnaires, including 2783 Germans, left the colonial army. Mourad wrote circulars to politicians, the media, parties and trade unions and described the network of terror, especially the atrocities of the secret organization of the French army, the OAS , against the Algerian civilian population. "

- Heinz Odermann : From one who set out to find freedom (see the link under works )

The collaboration between Si Ahmed / Müller and Kusserow - despite their long acquaintance, which Kusserow never mentioned - was tense from the start. Si Ahmed / Müller despised Kusserow's enthusiasm for Moroccan-Muslim customs and traditions and regarded Morocco, which Kusserow admired, as a feudal country. From Kusserow's point of view, this meant “that from now on I had to keep my distance from Si Ahmed. My love for Morocco, love at first sight, strengthened my self-confidence. My fate could only be a Moroccan! "

Shortly after the earthquake that devastated Agadir on February 29, 1960 , Kusserow met Naima, a Moroccan woman in the old town of Tetouan. An intense relationship developed from this, which two years later, after Algerian independence, resulted in him only staying briefly in Algeria and returning to Naima in Tetouan. However, considerable ideological differences with the Algerian path also contributed to this: “The new Algeria, which was ideologically oriented towards the Eastern Bloc, could not offer me, the politically recognized GDR refugee, a home.” He expressly acknowledged the “Algerian fight against the foreign rule ”, which had to be supported, also names very personal reasons:“ I'm tired of Europe, I'm looking for the meaning of life. ”This search for meaning led him to the Islamic faith and to an Islam that according to his ideas recognizes the principle of equal rights for all three monotheistic religions.

“Mohamed, Jesus and Moses
Here and there and next door,
Torah, Bible and Koran -
message of the One God.

The moon sails over Fez,
The muezzin calls in the night. Islam in all its glory
dwells in the heart of the wanderer
. "

- Mourad Kussserow : Orientspaziergang , Fez , in the summer of 1960

Kusserow, who also had himself circumcised and made his Muslim profession of faith in front of a kadi , felt it was "lucky to be a Muslim and to belong to the Islamic community". The alliance between Allah and Marx [..] sought by the military leadership of the liberation movement in particular did not fit in with his understanding of faith. That was an unforgivable fraud against the Algerian people, because the inner fire of resistance and the struggle against colonialism was fed by Islam . ”In the eyes of Si Ahmed / Müller, he was“ a 'reactionary element' with which one cannot could win revolutionary and socialist flower pots ”.

In October 1961, for a minor reason, there was a serious argument between Kusserow and Si Ahmed / Müller, in the course of which Kusserow was accused of spying for enemy secret services. The storm subsided without any discussion or apology, but as a result Kusserow was transferred in December and assigned to basic military training. In mid-February 1962, Si Ahmed / Müller and the above-mentioned correspondent for the Frankfurter Rundschau , Roland Oertel, picked him up and brought him back to Tetouan. Kusserow took over his old duties there and received an unexpected perk: from then on he was allowed to leave the villa every day in his free time, and not just on weekends. His secret and forbidden night visits to his girlfriend Naima were now legal.

On March 19, 1962, the armistice ushered in the end of the Algerian War. Kusserow was 22 years old and had meanwhile married his lover Naima. In the late summer of 1962, the office in Villa Dar Brixa began to be closed in Tetouan . Kusserow, who had obtained a new passport at the German consulate and had an entry permit for Algeria, had decided to go to Algeria with Naima.

In Algiers, through the mediation of ALN boss Houari Boumedienne , the couple received an apartment - in the house in which General Raoul Salan , one of the leaders of the Organization de l'armée secrète (OAS), had previously hidden. In addition, Kusserow was rewarded with a position in the Ministry of Youth, Sports and Tourism, whose boss Abd al-Aziz Bouteflika had become, whom he had only met under his nom de guerre Si Abdelkader . Si Mustapha-Müller had also found a new use in this ministry.

Kusserow did not feel at home in Algiers from the start. He mourned a Morocco "where the Middle Ages are still alive today, despite electrification", and saw in Algeria "Islam, the engine of the struggle against French colonialism," fell by the wayside. The GDR refugee's disgust for anything that could have to do with socialism broke through - at least in the view of his book published in 2012.

“A layer of European lobbyists and fraudsters, ruined existences and political gangsters filled their pockets, favored by the para-communist leadership class around Ben Bella, who, according to the classical Marxist theory, prescribed a special form of socialism for Algerian society, Algerian socialism. For me Algeria was an Islamic country, but Islam, for which the Algerian people's soul had longed for more than a century, was considered backward and was despised as a brake on the Algerian revolution. In this political and social cauldron, where political and ethnic groups eyed each other with hostility, I couldn't find my way around. "

- Mourad Kusserow : Destiny Agadir , p. 57

Several incidents then led to Kusserow's break with Algeria. On the one hand, Si Mustapha-Müller suspected him of espionage again, this time in connection with a meeting with Erich Wollenberg , and on the other hand, he was seriously disturbed by the considerations of his previous companions to overthrow the Moroccan monarchy. In April 1963 he left Algeria with his wife and returned to Tetouan.

Life between Morocco and Germany

From Tetouan to Cologne

The couple lived in Tetouan in very modest circumstances. Naima made some money doing sewing and Kusserow doing tutoring. At the end of 1963 he began to write down his experiences between 1954 and 1962. In July 1964 he got a job as an interpreter at a Moroccan subsidiary of Preussag .

The year 1965 brought several changes for Kusseow. In January he bought a typewriter and used it to type the aforementioned manuscript, which became the basis of his later book Flaneur Between Orient and Occident . Naima became pregnant and lost his job as an interpreter. He turned down an offer to work for the Federal Intelligence Service . He sold his typewriter and traveled with Naima to Cologne, where they first found accommodation with a friend who worked for Deutsche Welle . Kusserow applied to the broadcaster, but due to his lack of previous education, he was only offered one position as archivist, which he took up on September 1st.

Morocco remained the destination of the family's annual vacation trips in the following years, including to Naima's home village. Professionally he had advanced and now worked under Karl Piribauer, whom he admired and “forced to serve in the Waffen-SS” in the station's documentation department. He found his relationship with Naima to be more and more stressful, and so he went back there alone at the beginning of 1971, only shortly after his last family vacation in Morocco. From now on, wife and son no longer appear in his story. “The separation, a hard but wholesome necessity, turned out to be inevitable. And so I looked the facts in the eye. "

On March 1, 1971, in Agadir, he met the twenty-two-year-old Hadia, "daughter of a slave from the Timbuktu region ", whom he married in October 1973 in Agadir. In between there was a lot of travel and professional advancement. Kusserow was able to write the first articles for the station and in April 1975 he received the long-awaited position as editor in the editorial standby service of Deutsche Welle . Until his retirement in autumn 1994, most recently as editor in the “Central Service for Politics and Economics”, he remained connected to the station.

From his childhood enthusiasm for the Orient to his death, Kusserow cultivated an idealistic image of Islam, which he combined with an equally idealistic image of Morocco and an uncritical view of the king ( sultan ).

“What would Morocco be without its sultan? All Moroccans, including the communists, know that the country on the Atlas would lose its identity and sink into chaos if the arbiter, the king, were not at the head of the state. Every general, every governor, every chief of police, every kaid and every politician would, if there were no king, strive for the highest office in the state and then rule the country mafia-style. Moroccans are self-critical enough to know that. They worship their king, they kiss his hand or not, because there is no law that could compel them to do so. They follow centuries-old traditions with which they identify themselves. But at the same time they know that the king is only human. Just as Muslims revere and love their prophet Mohamed, so do they revere and love their king, because like the prophet of Islam who said of himself: 'I am only a person like you ...', so is the king too just a person like all Moroccans. This is difficult for outsiders to understand. It is always overlooked that the Moroccan dynasty comes from the depths of history and is a product of Islam. "

- Mourad Kusserow : Destiny Agadir , pp. 117–118

The conflict over the Western Sahara

With this view of things, disturbances in peaceful coexistence in Morocco could only ever have been caused from outside - by Algeria, which in turn was supported by the Eastern Bloc and Egypt, or by the CIA . This view also shaped Kusserow's relationship to the Western Sahara conflict, in which he denied the "existence of a Sahrawi people" and declared the Sahrawis to be "exclusively Moroccan nomads". From this it follows: "For everyone who knows the history of Morocco, it was clear that the Sahara provinces were and are an integral part of the country on the Atlas." That the Polisario Front saw it differently and fought for the territory occupied by Spain should be transferred to an independent state, was not relevant for Kusserow. For him, the anti-Moroccan arguments were propaganda "from Algeria and its socialist sympathizers - Cuba, the entire Eastern Bloc and the SED state". When he submitted a broadcast manuscript written in this sense in the spring of 1975, he had to experience that his view of things was not accepted by Deutsche Welle . In the style of an anti-political correctness activist, he confessed: “That went against the grain. When I write, I take sides. My writing knows no taboo when it comes to defending oneself against injustice, lies, malice and falsification of history. I am committed, write without ideological blinkers, my articles are not journalistic home cooking. [..] It makes no sense to fight against the petty bourgeois must of the editors tied to political parties! "

Kusserow traveled to Morocco in the early summer of 1975, received a program of visits from the Moroccan General Staff, conducted interviews with the Commander-in-Chief of the Moroccan Army and was chauffeured from Rabat to Agadir in the official car of the Moroccan Prime Minister. He traveled to the border between Morocco and the Spanish Sahara, experienced the preparations for the invasion of the Moroccan army and was only amazed at the lack of understanding on the part of the other side and their Western sympathizers. “The secret complicity between fascist Spain and socialist Algeria has been deliberately overlooked by the entire pro-Algerian left in Europe. One can imagine that I messed with the sympathizers of Algeria and the Frente Polisario in Deutsche Welle. It struck me bitterly that editors from the conservative camp were also taking anti-Moroccan positions. ”The fact that the Frankfurter Rundschau published an article of his on September 11, 1975 expressing his uncensored view of things fulfilled him Satisfaction. "That was exactly why I fled the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany, which called itself democratic, in June 1954 as a 15-year-old."

At the beginning of October 1975, Kusserow again applied for leave from his station and traveled to Morocco on October 8th. Again he sought the presence of a Moroccan general. Then came October 16, 1975. The International Court of Justice had to weigh between the historical ties of Western Sahara to Morocco and Mauritania on the one hand and the right of the Saharawi people to self-determination and found that the right of self-determination had a higher value, which is why the population Western Sahara should decide on its own future in a referendum. Morocco interpreted the arbitral award differently and insisted on its right to annexation - and Kusserow unreservedly supported this view. He set out on the Green March . “Here on the edge of the desert, Europe disappeared from my consciousness. I saw the splendor of the stars twinkling very close above me, and suddenly I felt the closeness of the earth and admired the frugality and fearlessness of the marchers who, like me, had embarked on a great adventure whose outcome was unknown. Never in my life have I seen a gathering of so strong, free and certain of victory people as the green marchers on the way to the Sahara provinces. I straightened up and pulled the hood of my djellaba over my head, and a feeling of blissful calm came over me. [..] I was grateful to fate that I was allowed to participate in this political event of the century. "

Kusserow saw what he wanted to see, peaceful blunders. At the time of prayer, they placed "their only weapon, the Koran, in the sand and offered their prayer - a moving scene". He did not conceal the fact that the Moroccan army's arsenal was in use alongside the Koran and that he himself was well supported by the military, but downplayed it and indulged in exuberant feelings and exaggerated historical comparisons.

  • “For me, the Western Sahara file was closed once and for all. The Green March, ridiculed and dismissed as a show, had shown the world that what belonged together and which until almost 100 years ago formed a geographical, political, historical and cultural unit, could not be separated in the long term. No Moroccan doubted that neither Algeria nor Libya nor Cuba and certainly not the Eastern bloc could ever change anything. "
  • “I was a witness of a historical world event. School wisdom reminded me of the tens of thousands from the anabasis of the Greek writer Xenophon (430-354 BC). In this work the march of the Greek soldiers from Babylon to the Black Sea coast is described. Another comparison came to mind: the Long March led by Mao Tse-tung (1893-1976). Both events that have found their place in the history books for all time, and the Green March, too, should not only have a place in Moroccan history books. "
  • “Historically speaking, the Green March was a great moment for Islam, because the idea for it arose in memory of early Islamic history, the march of the prophet Mohamed from Mecca to Medina in AD 622 - the year zero of the Islamic period Time calculation. [..] The Green March was also a commitment to Islam. "

Before November 9, 1975, the day on which Hassan II declared that the march had reached its destination, Kusserow returned to Cologne. "In my mind I was already writing my articles, knowing that I would offend with my view of things." In the epilogue to his book, he explained the Green March as the highlight of his journalistic work, and of the correctness of the annexation of Western Sahara He remained unshakably convinced of Morocco. “The country on the Atlas is finally reunited. But there are still forces that do not want to come to terms with historical truth and political reality to this day. Morocco's neighbor Algeria and a small minority of Moroccan separatists who claim the desert territory for themselves. I have never made a secret of my political and moral commitment to the Moroccan cause. "

After his retirement in 1994, Kusserow and his wife Hadida initially lived with their two daughters in Agadir and commuted between there and Germany. In addition to his work for Deutsche Welle, he published articles in numerous German and foreign newspapers and was part of the editorial team of the Afrika Post published by the Deutsche Afrika Stiftung for two decades .

Honors

In 1993, the Moroccan King Hassan II. Kusserow awarded the "Moroccan Order of the Throne in the Rank of Officer" for his commitment to fighting Algeria and for his "Moroccan publications".

Works

For the biographical background discussed in this article were important
More books by Mourad Kusserow
  • (Editor and Translator) The Just Sultan. In the fairy tale land of Morocco (with photographs by Jürgen Kiefner), Herder Verlag, Freiburg 1993, ISBN 978-3-451-23168-1 .
  • (with Wolfgang Müller, photographer) Morocco. Searching for traces in the land between Orient and Occident , Flechsig, Würzburg 2003, ISBN 978-3-88189-477-7 (first edition under the title Morocco - Land between Orient and Occident , Herder Verlag, Freiburg 1990).
  • (with Wolfgang Müller, photographer) Andalusia. Searching for traces in the Land of the Moors , Flechsig, Würzburg 2003, ISBN 978-3-88189-476-0 (first edition under the title Kulturlandschaft Andalusien , Herder Verlag, Freiburg 1991).
  • The wise Sultan - In Wonderland Morocco, Herder Verlag, Freiburg 1993, ISBN
  • (Editor and translator) Poorer than a mosque mouse - Arabic proverbs , Verlag Donata Kinzelbach, Mainz 2004, ISBN 978-3-927069-75-6 .
  • (Editor and translator) Fairytale Morocco - Of Princes, Djinns and Miraculous Rabbis , Donata Kinzelbach Verlag, Mainz 2006 (2nd edition 2011), ISBN 978-3-927069-83-1 .
  • Dreamland Morocco - Oriental Diary, Verlag Donata Kinzelbach, Main 2007 (2nd edition 2011), ISBN 978-3-927069-85-5 .
  • Morocco is different , Verlag Donata Kinzelbach, Mainz 2014, ISBN 978-3-942490-22-1 .

literature

  • Fritz Keller : A life on the edge of probability. Si Mustapha alias Winfried Müller: From Wehrmacht deserter to hero of the Algerian liberation struggle , Mandelbaum Verlag, Vienna 2017, ISBN 978-3-85476-544-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mourad Kusserow has died , boersenblatt.net, May 17, 2019, accessed on February 17, 2020
  2. ↑ The presentation of this section is based on Kusserow autobiographical book Rüber Make ... .
  3. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 13
  4. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 10. The villa was on the street "Am Schlachtensee" in Berlin-Nikolassee .
  5. ↑ While Kusserow describes his encounters with Winfried Müller at Bahnhof Zoo in his book Rübermachen ... , published in 2008 , neither these encounters nor the name Winfried Müller appear in the 2002 book Flaneur between Orient and Occident . Müller always appears as Si Ahmed , and when he is mentioned for the first time, Kusserow doesn’t reveal anything that he already knew him - from the Zoo station as well as from Hildebrandts’s villa in Nikolassee. However, he indirectly confirms that Si Ahmed is Winfried Müller / Si Mustapha-Müller by naming Si Ahmed as head of the repatriation service. (Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 37) Si Mustapha-Müller is also only present as Si Ahmed in Schicksal Agadir , published in 2012 .
  6. ↑ Fritz Keller : A Life on the Edge of Probability. Si Mustapha alias Winfried Müller: From Wehrmacht deserter to hero of the Algerian liberation struggle , mandelbaum Verlag, Vienna 2017, ISBN 978-3-85476-544-8 , p. 36 ff.
  7. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 9
  8. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 12
  9. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 24
  10. ↑ Fritz Keller: A life on the edge of probability , p. 45 ff.
  11. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 28
  12. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 25
  13. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , pp. 27–28
  14. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 47
  15. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 59
  16. ↑ Whether he is the journalist Hans-Peter Rullmann could not be clarified.
  17. ^ He is the former chairman of the DGB district of Dortmund (* September 21, 1926; † April 4, 2010). ( Reception of the DGB NRW on the occasion of the 80th birthday of Helmut Neukirch )
  18. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 111
  19. ↑ Biographical data Short Heinz Or Man
  20. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 63
  21. ↑ a b c d Mourad Kusserow: Biography (see web links )
  22. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 65
  23. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 64
  24. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 139
  25. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 138
  26. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 139
  27. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Flaneur between Orient and Occident , p. 182
  28. ↑ a b Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 53
  29. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 54
  30. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 55
  31. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , pp. 55–56
  32. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 58 ff.
  33. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 75
  34. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 116
  35. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , pp. 118–119
  36. ↑ For his journalistic activities before 1945 see: Völkisches Handbuch Südosteuropa - letter P / Pribauer . The quotations and titles there do not suggest that Kusserow was forced to serve the Nazis.
  37. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 136
  38. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 135
  39. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 156
  40. ↑ In the Deutsche Welle magazine - Ihr Welle - from March 1992 Kusserow is presented as "the 42 year old German Muslim" and as a member of the daily press review team - specializing in "the Arab-Islamic world". There he can also be seen in a photo. ( Your wave , p. 8)
  41. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 75, p. 168, p. 171
  42. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 171
  43. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 192
  44. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 192
  45. ↑ Anti-Political Correctness: “You can still say that!” , Deutschlandfunk, December 7, 2017
  46. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 193
  47. ↑ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 194
  48. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 202
  49. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 206
  50. ↑ See also The Award of the International Court of Justice and The Moroccan Interpretation of the Award
  51. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 213
  52. ↑ a b Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 221
  53. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 223
  54. ^ Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , p. 222
  55. ↑ a b Mourad Kusserow: Destiny Agadir , pp. 225–226
personal data
SURNAME Kusserow, Mourad
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kusserow, Ulrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German journalist and author, participant in the Algerian War of Independence, Moroccan enthusiast
DATE OF BIRTH May 7, 1939
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin-Wilmersdorf
DATE OF DEATH May 2019