Night exercise
A night exercise is an exercise lasting several hours - usually outdoors - in which skills are practiced or parts of subject areas are taught that must also (or especially) be mastered in the dark . The spatial sense of direction , dexterity and, in some cases, dealing with fatigue and fear are often of great importance .
In contrast to night shift , the statutory regulations (e.g. on compensation or on work breaks ) are less strict because the more detailed circumstances depend heavily on the area of work.
Military night exercise
A night exercise in the military serves on the one hand to refresh physical or weapons skills, and on the other hand to practice them for the recruits .
Examples of such practice effects or skills include:
- Night march without or with heavy luggage or weapon (s).
- Training of endurance and discipline even when you are tired , emotional and physical effects at dawn .
- Training of the sense of direction at night (use of maps and compass, rough orientation to the moon or starry sky , recognizing the terrain, weather side of the trees, etc.).
- Targeting , learning and practicing combat and weapon techniques at night.
- Construction of a makeshift sleeping camp , snow pit, tent construction .
In paramilitary training courses or at the former youth camps in the GDR , night exercises or night marches are also on the program.
Night exercise for astronomy and geodesy
Since astronomers have to carry out part of their work on night duty and mostly on valuable instruments in observatories, in addition to the initial internship during the day, it is also necessary to practice important actions in the dark or under difficult circumstances. In addition to this practice, special activities and problems are to be learned on a wide variety of instruments - at least as examples.
Long-term star tours should also be mentioned here, for example if they are about practicing astronomical observation techniques or give special suggestions, for example for better astrophotography or for free-eyed observation of weak celestial objects.
In the Geodesy is also part of a minimum level of practical exercise at night or darkness for technical and academic training - for example, the measurement of a cellar or in the interior of lightless industrial buildings, basic activities and equipment use in tunnel construction or in mines (see also mine surveying ).
In astrogeodesy and cosmic geodesy , for example, it is a matter of measuring vertical deviations , directions to the polar star ( polaris azimuth ) or determining Laplacian azimuths ; in satellite geodesy, for example, satellite laser ranging , special GPS measurements or, earlier, stellar triangulation .
In both astronomy and geodesy, the exercises initially take place under simple circumstances (e.g. in the laboratory or on the roof terrace of a university building), and only if there is any need for deepening in an observatory , in the open field or during excursions lasting several days .
See also
literature
- Oswald Thomas : Astronomy. Facts and problems. 1. Main part astronomy of the celestial sphere. Bergland-Buch, Graz-Vienna-Leipzig-Berlin 1934.
- Detlev Block: Astronomy as a Hobby (208p., Appendix). Bassermann, Munich 2006.