National monument

This article deals specifically with the structures of the national concept, for the general term see cultural property of national importance

As a national monument such buildings are referred to as a place of remembrance for the idea of a cult of the nation were built. The establishment of national monuments was initiated by the ideas of nationalism and national romanticism . The erection of national monuments began after the French Revolution , the focus of the time being between the end of the 18th and the end of the 19th century. National monuments serve the purpose of publicly commemorating events and people who have been assigned historical, political or cultural significance for a nation.

Well-known national monuments

Germany

→ Main article : German national monuments in the German Empire

• The Neue Wache in Berlin
• The National Monument for the Wars of Liberation on the Kreuzberg (Berlin)
• The Kaiser Wilhelm National Monument in Berlin
• The Bismarck National Monument in Berlin
• The Hermannsdenkmal near Detmold
• The Kyffhäuser Monument near Bad Frankenhausen
• The Brothers Grimm National Monument in Hanau
• The Luther monument in Worms
• The Niederwald monument near Rüdesheim am Rhein
• The German Corner in Koblenz
• The Völkerschlachtdenkmal in Leipzig
• The Walhalla near Donaustauf
• The Bavaria in Munich
• The Victory Column in Berlin
• The iron Hindenburg in Berlin
• The Kaiser Wilhelm Monument at the Dortmund Hohensyburg
• The fraternity monument near Eisenach
• The Kaiser Wilhelm Monument at Porta Westfalica
• The Bismarck Monument in Hamburg
• The Liberation Hall near Kelheim
• The Winterberg Monument near Saarbrücken
• The National Monument Sculpture Park German Unity in the Rhön
• The Goethe-Schiller monument in Weimar
• The planned Freedom and Unity Monument in Berlin
• The former Tannenberg monument in East Prussia , today Olsztynek
• The former Schlageter National Monument in Düsseldorf

France

• Arc de Triomphe in Paris

Italy

• List of Italian national monuments

Namibia

• List of Namibia's National Heritage # Monuments

Austria

• The Heldenberg Memorial in Lower Austria
• The Feldherrn- und Ruhmeshalle in the Arsenal in Vienna

Romania

• Hall of Unity ( Sala Unirii ) and Coronation Cathedral in Alba Iulia

Russia

• National Monument Thousand Years of Russia

Switzerland

• The middle part of the Federal Palace in Bern

South Africa

• Voortrekker Monument in Pretoria

Czech Republic

• National Monument on Vitus Hill in Prague

Turkey

• The Anıtkabir funerary monument in Ankara

Hungary

• the Heroes Square in Budapest

United States

See: National Monuments in the United States

See also

• nationalism
• History politics
• Culture of remembrance
• Identity politics

literature

• Reinhard Alings: Monument and Nation. The image of the nation state in the medium of monument - on the relationship between nation and state in the German Empire 1871–1918 , Contributions to the History of Communication, Vol. 4 Berlin / New York 1996.
• Katrin Keller; Hans-Dieter Schmid: From cult to backdrop , Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 1995 ( Google books ).
• Thomas Nipperdey: National Idea and National Monument in Germany in the 19th Century , 1968.
• Helke Rausch: Cult figure and nation: public monuments in Paris, Berlin and London , Oldenbourg Wissenschaftlicher Verlag, 2005 ( online at perspectivia.net ).
• Hans A. Pohlsander: National monuments and nationalism in 19th century Germany , Peter Lang, 2008.

Web links

• The concept of monument and the question of the national monument , sundoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de (PDF; 57 kB)