New Friedrichstrasse

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Neue Friedrichstrasse 1925 in a south-north direction (vertical) with all cross streets

The New Friedrichstrasse (now Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße and Littenstraße and part of Rochstraße ) was a street in Old Berlin in today's Mitte district between the Friedrichsbrücke the west and the orphans Bridge in the south.

The street is one of the oldest in Berlin , which crossed the former districts of the Holy Spirit , Marienviertel and Klosterviertel and was renamed several times.

history

The street can already be seen on Johann Georg Memhardt's city ​​map around 1652. The street sections with the names Am Walle, Garrison-Kirchen-Straße (1760) or Am Königswall, Am Stralauer Thor (17th century to before 1778), Bei der Pomeranzenbrücke (around 1700 to before 1778) are known from around 1700. , Gouverneursstrasse (around 1700 to before 1778), Behind the Baraquen and Casernen (around 1700 to before 1778).

Around 1778 the entire length of the Neue Friedrichstrasse was largely built after the wall of the Berlin Fortress was demolished around 1746. It was named after the Prussian King Friedrich II . With the former fortress moat located parallel behind it, it enclosed the actual old Berlin on the northern and eastern sides and reached from the large Pomeranzenbrücke (today: Friedrichsbrücke) to the Spandauer Brücke , then on to the Königsbrücke and then to the Waisenbrücke ( near today's Jannowitzbrücke ).

In 1900 the Continentale Society for Electrical Enterprises applied for the extension of the Berlin – Hohenschönhausen tram from Waßmannstrasse via Alexanderplatz, Neue Friedrichstrasse and Wallstrasse to the Spittelmarkt . However, the project was rejected because of the narrow width of Neue Friedrichstrasse.

On May 10, 1951, Neue Friedrichstrasse was named Littenstrasse in honor of the lawyer Hans Litten . When the city ​​center was rebuilt in the years 1965–1969, Littenstrasse between Grunerstrasse and An der Spandauer Brücke was canceled and built over, so that two separate streets were created. The part between Friedrichsbrücke and Spandauer Strasse was assigned to Burgstrasse in 1978 and was named Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strasse on January 15, 2001 (after the poet Anna Louisa Karsch ). The east adjoining part from the street “An der Spandauer Brücke” to Rochstraße was incorporated into Rochstraße in 1978.

Building on Neue Friedrichstrasse

  • At the corner of the Burg and Neue Friedrichstrasse (today: Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strasse ) was the Palais Itzig from 1765 to 1857 . From 1859–1864, Friedrich Hitzig established the Berlin Stock Exchange at this point . It was destroyed in 1945 during the Second World War .
  • At the corner of Spandauer and Neue Friedrichstrasse (today: Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strasse) stood the garrison church built between 1701 and 1703 under the master builder Martin Grünberg . It was damaged in World War II and demolished in 1962.
  • The central market hall was built in 1886 near Alexanderplatz. To replace the building that was demolished at the end of the 1960s as part of the redesign of the historic center of Berlin , a new market hall with modern architecture was built in 1969 on the corner of Karl-Liebknecht-Straße , which was completely redesigned inside and out in the 1990s.
  • From 1779 to 1878, the no longer existing former Prussian cadet institute was located at Neue Friedrichstrasse 13 (today Littenstrasse 13-17) . In 1878 the military moved to the Prussian main cadet institute in Groß-Lichterfelde . Today, the imposing judicial building of the Berlin Regional Court is located here , which currently houses the Appellate Chambers of the Berlin Regional Court and the Mitte District Court. At the time of its construction from 1896–1904, the building complex was the second largest building in the city of Berlin (after the city ​​palace ). In the course of the widening of Grunerstrasse in the 1960s, it was demolished by around 1/3 of the building volume. During the division of Berlin, in addition to the City Court (East) Berlin and the district courts of Mitte, Prenzlauer Berg and Friedrichshain, the Supreme Court and the Public Prosecutor General of the GDR were housed in the district court building.
  • In 1250 the construction of a monastery church in the early Gothic style for the Gray Monastery of the Franciscans began, which was destroyed on April 3, 1945 during the Second World War. From 1950 the rubble was removed and the ruins were secured from 1959 to 1963. The remaining monastery buildings, also in ruins, were completely demolished. The area around the church ruins was designed as a green area.
  • At the end of the 17th century, the Große Friedrich-Hospital was built at the intersection with Stralauer Straße . Martin Grünberg had drawn up the building plans; however, the building was demolished in 1906. In its place, a four-storey new building was built between 1906 and 1909 , which from 1910 became the administrative seat of the municipal gas works (today: GASAG Berliner Gaswerke AG) (Littenstrasse 109). The building designed by Ludwig Hoffmann in the neo-renaissance style is a listed building . It is currently (as of 2013) used by the BEST Sabel University in Berlin .

literature

  • Berlin around 1723, city ​​map by Abraham Guibert Dusableau.
  • Berlin around 1850, city ​​map by Reimer.
  • Berlin in your pocket, city ​​atlas Ullsteinverlag Berlin around 1960.
  • Berlin 1968, city ​​map by SenBauWohn.
  • Berlin Atlas, VEB Tourist Verlag, 4th edition, 1988.
  • City Atlas Berlin, RV-Verlag, 73751 Ostfildern, ISBN 3-575-11467-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Author collective: Tram Archive 5. Berlin and the surrounding area . transpress, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-344-00172-8 , pp. 112-115 .

Coordinates: 52 ° 31 '15.6 "  N , 13 ° 24'6"  E