Neuendorf (Hiddensee Island)
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Neuendorf
Municipality of Hiddensee Island
Coordinates: 54 ° 31 ′ 30 ″ N , 13 ° 5 ′ 18 ″ E
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| Incorporation : | 1938 |
| Incorporated into: | Hiddensee Island |
| Postal code : | 18565 |
 Neuendorf, houses in the meadow landscape
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Neuendorf is a place on the island of Hiddensee that emerged from a fishing village founded around 1700. Its structural structure with houses in several rows on a meadow with no paths is considered unique. The place is a listed building as a whole . Neuendorf has now grown together with the neighboring, older Plogshagen . Both places formed the Neuendorf-Plogshagen community until the end of the 1930s. Since then, all places on Hiddensee have been united into one municipality, which has been called the Insel Hiddensee since 1993 .
location
The place is a little south of the center of the elongated island of Hiddensee. The center with the port is on the Bodden side of the island on Schaproder Bodden across from Schaprode on the island of Rügen. The settlement extends to the west until just before the coast of the open Baltic Sea. The uninhabited Gellen peninsula begins south of the settlement area of Neuendorf and Plogshagen .
history
To the north of today's Neuendorf district, the Glambeck settlement was established as early as the Slavic period , and one of the two oldest towns on the island , along with greaves . The name Glambeck is of Slavic origin and means something like Tiefenort . After the Hiddensee Monastery was founded at the end of the 13th century, German settlers founded the town of Plogshagen south of Glambeck. The name probably comes from a personal name.
At the time the monastery existed (from the 14th to the 16th centuries), Glambeck consisted of seven katen. Glambeck was already deserted around 1700 and a new settlement was founded south of it, which was named Neuendorf . Ernst Heinrich Wackenroder wrote about Glambeck in 1730:
is anietzo desolat, although not far from it some houses have been rebuilt. The place is called Neuendorff.
The name Glambeck has kept as a field name. Some remains of the foundations were found in the area of the former location.
While there had been serfdom in the other places on Hiddensee until the 19th century , the residents of Neuendorf and Plogshagen were always free. Much of the work was carried out jointly, and the land between the houses was also jointly owned. The fishermen joined together in parties that financed larger purchases and organized joint work. In Neuendorf there was the Groot and the Lütt part .
The special social situation as well as the relative spatial isolation had for a long time led to certain differences between the "Süder" inhabitants of Neuendorf and Plogshagen and the other islanders. At the beginning of the 20th century, even the local dialect differed significantly from that spoken in the north of the island.
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On November 13, 1872, the place, like large parts of the Pomeranian and Mecklenburg Baltic Sea coast, was hit by a severe storm surge . The island was temporarily divided south of the locality, connecting the open sea and the bay. To secure the country, considerable coastal protection measures were carried out in the following years. Almost all of the town's houses were destroyed by the storm surge and then rebuilt. After the storm surge, gold jewelry from Hiddensee, which was probably exposed by the flood or from a stranded ship, was discovered near Neuendorf .
At the beginning of the 20th century, tourism began, slowly at first, in Neuendorf as well. In 1930, 1704 spa guests were counted in the village.
At the end of the 1930s, the community of Neuendorf-Plogshagen was merged with Kloster-Grieben and Vitte to form the community of Hiddensee. Since 1993 the municipality has been called Insel Hiddensee . In the 2010s, the addition Seebad was added to the official community name.
After the founding of the GDR, the fishing communities were transformed into the fishing production cooperative of sea and coastal fishermen Die Süder . Until 1990, tourism was also largely state-controlled by the FDGB and operational institutions.
In 1987 the church parish hall Uns Tauflucht (Our Refuge) was inaugurated as a branch of the Inselkirche Hiddensee . In addition to ecumenical services, it is used for events such as lectures and concerts.
Development
Settlement structure
Neuendorf has structurally retained its original character more than the other island towns. The place consists of nine rows of houses in an east-west direction (i.e. from the bay to the sea) on a meadow. They were mainly created after the great storm surge of 1872. The houses stand on 80 cm high walls to protect them from flooding. They are not fenced in, with a few exceptions they are not surrounded by gardens and have no paved external areas. The houses are mostly plastered white and covered with pipe, in exceptional cases with bricks, and for the most part with extensions. The meadows between the houses were used collectively as pasture and for drying the fishing nets. The "development structure of a village in the meadow landscape is unique on Hiddensee and its shape is not known anywhere else", says the monument protection ordinance from 2005.
Three residential buildings in the street Schabernack on the northern outskirts are identified as individual monuments.
Lütt Partie fishing museum
The buildings of the Lütt Partie and Groot Partie used by the fishing communities are brick buildings.
In 2006/2007, the former net and tool shed from 1885 was converted into the Lütt Partie fishing museum (small unit). Since 2007, fishermen from the island have been presenting and explaining fishing equipment there and have brought Hiddensee's fishing history, especially everyday work, to life. The sponsor of the museum is the Verein Fischereipartie Neuendorf e. V. , which is financed solely from donations. The Lütt Partie is a listed building and houses a fishing museum in the 21st century. The Groot part was also a listed building, but fell into disrepair after 2000 and was rebuilt in 2016. Since then, the rooms have also served as exhibition space.
Beacon yells
The 12.30 m high structure (fire height 10 m), a beacon and cross mark fire , is located south of Neuendorf on the northern border of the Gellen. It has the lighthouse number C2586 and the coordinates of 54 ° 30 '29 " N , 13 ° 4' 28" O . The beacon bears the official name Leuchtfeuer Gellen / Hiddensee and is a listed building. The white steel tower with a red gallery and conical roof stands on a natural stone base. It was built in 1904 by the Julius Pintsch company (Berlin) from cast segments ( tubbings ) and has been in trial operation since 1905 and in continuous operation since 1907. From the same production facility ( Fürstenwalde / Spree branch ) a. the Ranzow and Kolliker Ort (island of Rügen) lighthouse, which were constructed in the same way, and the Norddorf lighthouse (Amrum).
The Gellen / Hiddensee beacon marks the northern entrance to the Gellenstrom, in the west the fairway of the Gellenstrom and leads through the Schaproder Bodden in the east.
The lighthouse was depicted on a 5 million mark emergency note from the Rügen district from 1923. In the Gellen special series of postage stamps , beacons, beacons and pier lights from 1975, the Gellen beacon was a motif on the 10-pfennig postage stamp.
traffic
Neuendorf has a port on the Bodden side. This is approached daily by ships to Schaprode on Rügen and Stralsund . A local bus line connects the places on the island Monday to Friday. Private car traffic is not permitted on the entire island of Hiddensee. The most important means of transport for locals and guests are bicycles .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Arnold Gustavs , The island of Hiddensee. A home book. , Carl Hinstorff Verlag , Rostock 1953, pp. 37-39.
- ^ A b Arnold Gustavs , The island of Hiddensee. A home book. , Carl Hinstorff Verlag , Rostock 1953, pp. 67-69.
- ^ Arnold Gustavs , The island of Hiddensee. A home book. , Carl Hinstorff Verlag , Rostock 1953, pp. 99-100.
- ↑ Martin Reepel, Pomerania. The handbook for traveling and hiking in the Pommerland. , Verkehrsverband für Pommern, Stettin 1932, reprint in the series of travel guides by Anno Back then , Verlag Gerhard Rautenberg, Leer 1988, p. 175.
- ↑ Rügen District Ordinance on the Neuendorf Monument Area, Seebad Insel Hiddensee municipality , January 25, 2005.